한국판-Gilliam 자폐증 평정척도-2(K-GARS-2) 표준화 연구

진혜경,윤혜주,박진박 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:Autism is one of the most important developmental disorder of childhood, which has been studied in many fields of research. The importance of early detection, diagnosis and early treatment of autism has been emphasized in Korea. However, appropriate diagnostic tools to meet these needs, were insufficient. With increasing number of autistic adults, a need for diagnostic tool which can cover wide range of age has emerged. The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2(GARS-2) is based on Autism Society of America and DSM-IV-TR(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fourth Edition-Text Revision) diagnostic criteria for autism. It is the only available test so far. The target age of this test is from 3 years to 22 years old with autism, therefore this test is thought to be valuable. In this study, Korean-Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2(K-GARS-2) was standardized, and verified the reliability, validity. Methods:K-GARS-2 was standardized and the reliability, validity was evaluated for 109 patients with autism aged 3 to 22 years. Results:Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of K-GARS-2 is 0.94 in the total 42 items and reliability was verified. KGARS-2 standard scores were highly correlated with scores of CARS and also Items-discrimination coefficients also showed a high correlation. Autism subscale standard score and the Autism quotient also showed a strong correlation. When compared with the other mental disorder groups, autism group show significantly higher scores. Conclusion:With the increasing prevalence of autism, the importance of accurate diagnosis and therapeutic approach is increasing in Korea. In this perspective, K-GARS-2 standardization process is very meaningful.

한국인 환자에서 Vancomycin의 집단약동학 (Population Pharmacokinetics)에 관한 연구

유경상,배균섭,이주연,조주연,장인진,신상구,신완균 大韓臨床藥理學會 1998 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.6 No.2

제산제 탄산수산화마그네슘의 최적 제조조건 추구 및 분체학적 성질

남진경,이계주 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1999 藥學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Magnesium carbonate hydroxide (hydrotalcite) was synthesized to pursue the optimum conditions having the highest acid consuming capacity by a Box-Wilson experimental design, and micromeritical properties of samples were evaluated by laser particle size analyzer, SRD, BET system, mercury porosimeter, and several adsorption capacity test. The optimum preparation conditions for hydrotalcite were as followwws: concentration of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide 1.17mole, reaction temp. 82.6℃, reaction time 2.32hr, ratio of (Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2 4.25, drying temperature 93.2℃ respectively, and its acid consuming capacity was 286ml/g. the neutralization curve shows that sample whose acid consuming capacity was the highest has the best neutralizing capacity and duration capacity. The crystalline form of the synthesized hydrotalcite was identified with a hexagonal system, and the d (003) spacing value of three samples was large. a part of alumina crystal form was shown at 2θ=18°, 38° in sample 3. The micromeritical properties of the synthesized hydrotalcite has no relation with an acid consuming capacity, and there was a tendency that the higher the acid consuming capacity is the larger the particle size and the narrower the size distribution. The values of pore invasive volume, pore area and specific surface area of sample 1 were small among three samples. Isotherm by BET system forms hyteresis loop and it shows the synthesized hydrotacite was porous. the pore diameter was about 10Å and it verifies mesopore. The adsorption capacity measured by methylene blue has no relation with acid consuming capacity. The adsorption of quinine sulfate in aqueous solutuion was identical with the Langmuir isotherm.

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) 빈도, 검사법 및 감염관리 대책에 관한 전국 병원 설문조사

정희진,김우주,최선주,이경원,최강원,박승철 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.2

Background : Vancomcyin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been an important nosocomial pathogen in the 1990s. Recently, VRE have become an emerging nosocomial pathogen in Korea, but there have been no nationwide study about the status of VRE in Korea. This nationwide questionnaire survey was aimed to determine the prevalence of VRE, the appropriateness of detection method fur VRE, and to evaluate the infection control program in hospitals of various size in Korea. Methods : During 4 weeks (September 1 to October 1, 1999), a questionnaire surveillance study was conducted. We had sent the questionnaire to 200 large hospitals in Korea, which were distributed nationwide. Questionnaire included the prevalence of VRE within the hospital, the detection method for VRE, method of enterococci isolation, antibiotics-susceptibility test and infection control method of VRE. Results : The response rate to questionnaire was 42%. The species identification of enterococci was capable in 62.3% but the accurate enterococcal speciation were capable in 18%. Appropriate antibiotic-sus-ceptibility test were produced only in 6.5%. Total 746 VRE were detected in 42 hospitals during 1-year despite of low sensitivity of detection methods. VRE was noted in 54.4% of hospitals at least. The isolation programme of VRE infected patients was presented in 20.3%, regular surveillance of VRE in high-risk pop ulation was produced only in 16.5%. Conclusion : The prevalence of enterococci among microorganisms isolated from clinical specimens were increased up to 27.7% in Korea. VRE has been emerged in many big cities as well as in Seoul. The microbiological methods that include the speciation of enterococcal isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and VRE detection appeared to be inappropriate in many hospitals. And, proper control and prevention methods were presented in a few hospitals. Education and training about accurate detection of VRE as well as proper infection control programs for VRE are urgently needed. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:78~87, 2001)

환기정도에 따른 수술실용 신발 종류가 수술실 오염에 미치는 영향 : How to Choose Suitable Shoes?

남경동,정혜선,박영신,원진희,주미자,성화신,이지혜,이병희,조경숙,배재춘 한국의료QA학회 2000 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Background : Various types of protective footwear have been used to minimize bacterial contamination in operating rooms. In recent years, debate has arisen concerning the need for use of such protective footwear. This study was designed to provide useful data about choosing shoes most suitable for the surgical environment. Methods : Between November, 1999 and January, 2000, we performed this experimental study by comparing effect of three types of shoes (i.e., disposable shoescover, operating room-restricted shoes, and ordinary shoes) on bacterial contamination of operating rooms equipped with two different ventilation systems (i.e., high air-change, low air-change) respectively. Data were collected during two-hour sham operations in which subjects and their activities were strictly standardized. Bacterial flora were sampled from the study area floor and air colony-counts were measured. Results : In experiments involving high air-change ventilation system, there was a significant difference of floor contamination between three types of shoes, but no difference of air contamination. Under low air-change system, there was a significant difference of both floor and air contamination between three types of shoes. Conclusion : The results show that protective footwear would be unnecessary in the operating room with high air-change ventilation system, but it is important to choose suitable shoes carefully under low air-change system. Therefore, the use of outdoor shoes can be considered under high air-change system, but it would seem sensible to apply their first use in less bloody operations at the day surgery center or out-patient department to prevent transfer of body fluid into the outside environment.

음식물 쓰레기 퇴비가 오이 발아와 유묘생장에 미치는 영향

박진영,조경철,김희경,지연태,정순주 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study was conducted to find out toxicity of compost made of food waste to cucumber seed germination and seedlings growth when it was mixed with Mixlite for bed substrate. Mixlite was solely used as bed soil, or mixed with food waste compost ranging 1% to 100% (w/w). Germination percentage and seedling growth of cucumber were examined in 4 weeks after seedling. When cucumber seeds were sowed in Mixlite mixed with food waste compost at 100, 50, 30, 20, 10 or 1%, germination percentages were 30, 36, 38, 46, 74 and 84% compared to with control(100%), respectively. It showed that germination percentage percentage was adversely affected by the amount of food waste composed mixed in the bed substract. Plant height and hypocotyls diameter, root length and root fresh weight, hypocotyls fresh weight and cotyledon fresh weight of cucumber seedling were similarly adversely affected by the amount of food waste compost. Optimum content of the food waste compost for cucumber nursery substrate was found to be 1% of Mixlite.

남자대학생의 흡연태도와 행동에 관한 연구

강경진,김정미,민혜영,안소진,오경숙,은경희,이현,이희선,홍주미,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

There have been so many researches about problems of cigarettes and relation of smoking and heath since 1950's and generally known that smoking is one of the worst factor of increasing disease and mortality. No matter what such many proofs about various problems of smoking have been researched, smoking rate of current male collage students has not been decreased. Besides, most of the researches about cigarette use and its addiction have been focused on the adolescent or adult women smokers or adult male, not male collage student. Therefore, the subject of this study is about smoking attitude and smoking behavior of male collage students by general features. Smoking attitude was analyzed by modifying 'Guidelines for the content of tobacco smoking surveys of the general population'(WHO, 1982). Two hundred of male collage students participated to the distributed questionnaire for one week in May. The smoking attitude was categorized into duration of smoking and number of cigarette per day(CPD), and nicotine dependency, investigated by Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire(FTQ) (Fagerstorm & Schneider, 1989). All statistics were performed by procedure of SAS according to number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking attitude level was mean 25.73±5.15 marks, ranging from 13 to 39 marks of the total 40 marks. 2. Duration of cigarettes, number of cigarette per day, and nicotine dependency were mean 5.14±2.84 years, 12.88±6.85 pieces, and 4.78±1.69, respectively. 3. Smoking attitude showed significance according to general features such as marital state and allowance, but the significance according to marital state is not valuable because the numerical difference is so big between married one and single that they cannot be compared with each other. 4. Duration of smoking was significant according to general features such as age and allowance. 5. Smoking amount showed significance the factors of age only. 6. ll1ere was no significance in nicotine dependency according to general features. As a result, smoking attitude of male collage student in this study shows moderate level. Smoking attitude and duration is significant according to allowance, and smoking amount is significant according to age. Nicotine dependency according to general features is not significant but comparing with the preceding study about adult male, male collage students in this study are respectively more nicotine-dependent than adult male smokers. In conclusion, the right allowance usage strategies and effective heath education focused on the young are needed. In addition, helpful programs and information spreading strategies are necessary for establishing higher level of smoking attitude. At last, systemic regulations in daily living for ""anti-nico-dependent"" and perspective reforming of male university student are needed for reducing nicotine dependency.

누구를 위한 POCT인가?

조경진,이창규,이승관,정희천,김미숙,남경미,전주임 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2001 保健科學論集 Vol.27 No.2

Patient-oriented minds and Bill of Rights have brought a lot of POCTs or Waived Tests, which can obviously be threats to the medical technology profession. However, we cannot help but admit the realities and should take some necessary measures to meet the situation. Accordingly we took a survey to find what opinions medical scientists or nurses have against the POCTs. Most of the scientists worried about the reliabilites of test results while nurses were concerned about the ambiguity of their job entities. Taking account of the POCT nature, the scientists should lead the development of POCT menus and have the primanry responsibility to educate or train the POCT perfomers maitaining periodic QCs on all the procedures or equimpments, not paying much attention to the issues who might be the performers.

광조사 방식이 복합레진의 중합과 누출에 미치는 영향

박종진,박정원,박성호,박주명,권태경,김성교 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.2

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of light irradiation modes on polymerization shrinkage, degree of cure and microleakage of a composite resin. VIP^™ (Bisco Dental Products, Schaumburg, IL, USA) and Optilux 501^™(demetron/ Kerr, Danbury, CT, USA) were used for curing Filtek^™ Z-250(3M Dental Products, St. Paul., MN, USA) composite resin using following irradiation modes: VIP^™ (Bisco) 200mW/cm^2 (V2), 400mW/cm^2 (V4), 600mW/cm^2 (V6), Pulse-delay (200 mW/cm^2 3 seconds, 5 minutes wait, 600mW/cm^2 30seconds, VPD) and Optilux 501^™ (Demetron/Kerr) C-mode (OC), R-mode (OR). Linear polymerization shrinkage of the composite specimens were measured using Linometer (R&B, Daejeon, Korea) for 90 seconds for V2, V4, V6, OC, OR groups and for up to 363 seconds for VPD group (n=10, each). Degree of conversion was measured using FTIR spectrometer (IFS 120 HR, Bruker Karlsruhe, Germany) at the bottom surface of 2 mm thick composite specimens. V2, V4, V6, OC groups were measured separately at five irradiation times (5, 10, 20, 40, 60 seconds) and Or, VPD groups were measured in the above mentioned irradiation modes (n=5, each). Microhardness was measured using Digital microhardness tester (FM7, Future-Tech Co., Tokyo, Japan) at the top and bottom surfaces of 2mm thick composite specimens after exposure to the same irradiation modes as the test of degree of conversion(n=3, each). For the microleakage test, class V cavities were prepared on the distal surface of the ninety extracted human third molars. The cavities were restored with one of the following irradiation modes: V2/60 seconds. V4/40 seconds, V6/30 seconds, VPD, OC and OR. Microleakage was asessed by dye penetration along enamel and dentin marigns of cavities. Mean polymerization shrinkage, mean degree of conversion and mean microhardness values for all groups at each time were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test, and using chisquare test for microleakage values. The results were as follows: ·Polymerization shrinkage was increased with higher light intensity in groups using VIP^™(Bisco) : the highset with 600mW/cm^2, followed by Pulse-delay, 400mW/cm^2 and 200mW/cm^2 groups. The degree of polymerization shrinkage was higher with Continuous mode than with Ramp mode in groups using Optilux 501^™ (Demetron/Kerr). ·Degree of conversion and microhardness values were higher with higher light intensity. The final degree of conversion was in the range of 44.7 to 54.98% and the final microhardness value in the range of 34.10 to 56.340. ·Microleakage was greater in dentin margin than in enamel margin. Higher light intensity showed more microleakage in dentin margin in groups using VIP^™ (Bisco). The microleakage was the lowest with Continuous mode in enamel margin and with Ramp mode in dentin margin when Optilux 501^™ (Demetron/Kerr) was used.

무선 인지 시스템을 위한 효율적인 에너지 검출 기반의 센싱 기법

현영주,김경석,박우구,김진업 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2006 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.14 No.2

본 논문에서는 에너지 검출 기반의 스펙트럼 센싱 기법의 검출 성능을 향상시키기 위한 방법으로 자기상관함수를 적용하였다. 이는 평균 및 자기상관 (autocorrelation)함수와 같은 확률적인 파라미터들이 시간에 따라 주기적으로 변하는 특성을 갖는 Cyclostationary 프로세스와는 다른 접근 방법이다. CR 시스템에서 유휴주파수 대역을 찾기 위한 센싱 과정에 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 적용한다면, 에너지 검출기반의 센싱 기법의 장점인 구조적 간단함과 빠른 스펙트럼 검출 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다. In this paper, we use the autocorrelation function to improve the performance of spectrum sensing method based on the energy detection method. This method is different from a cyclostationary process method where parameters such as the mean or the autocorrelation function is time-varying periodically. If the proposed method applies for sensing in the CR system, it will have the structural simpleness and the fast computation of spectrum sensing.