Method for Observing Intravascular BongHan Duct

Jiang Xiaowen,Kim Hee-Kyeong,Shin Hak-Soo,Lee Byung-Cheon,Choi Chun-Ho,Soh Kyung-Soon,Cheun Byeung-Soo,Baik Ku-Youn,Soh Kwang-Sup Society of Preventive Korean Medicine 2002 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

혈관내 봉한관을 관찰하는 방법을 개발하였다. 10% 포도당액을 대퇴정맥에 주입하여 봉한관을 굵고 강하게 만듦으로써, 혈관 절개후 쉽게 관찰할 수 있게 한 것이 핵심 기법이다. 봉한이론과 일치한 결과를 보였다. 봉한관은 반투명의 부드럽고 탄력 있는 실과 같으며, $10{\mu}m$ 정도의 작은 관의 다발로 구성되어 있다. A method for observing intra blood vessel ducts which are threadlike bundle of tubules which form a part of the BongHan duct system. By injecting 10% dextrose solution at a vena femoralis one makes the intravascular BongHan duct thicker and stronger to be easily detectable after incision of vessels. The duct is semi-transparent, soft and elastic, and composed of smaller tubules whose diameters are of $10{\mu}m$ order, which is in agreement with BongHan theory.

Tubular Substructure of Intravascular Thread-Like Structures from Rats and Rabbits

Xiaowen Jiang,Kwang-Sup Soh,Byeung-Soo Cheun,Byung-Cheon Lee,Chunho Choi,Hak-Soo Shin,Hee-Kyeong Kim,Ku-Youn Baik,Kyung-Soon Soh 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.6

We report on the observation of a thread-like structure, which is a semi-transparent elastic bundle of tubules, inside the blood vessels of rats and rabbits. We contrived a method using an intravenous injection of a 10 % dextrose solution at the vena femoralis to cause blood to coagulate around an intra-blood-vessel duct (IBVD) so that it became thick and strong. The tubular substructure of the IBVD was observed by using a dierential interference contrast image and by using an electrical separation technique. The functions of the IBVD are not known at the present time. We might speculate that the IBVD is a Bonghan duct, which is known to be the only thread-like structure inside blood vessels.

Tetrahydrobiopterin Inhibits PDGF-stimulated Migration and Proliferation in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells via the Nitric Oxide Synthase-independent Pathway

Jiang, Xiaowen,Kim, Bo-Kyung,Lin, Haiyue,Lee, Chang-Kwon,Kim, Jung-Hwan,Kang, Hyun,Lee, Pil-Young,Jung, Seung-Hyo,Lee, Hwan-Myung,Won, Kyung-Jong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.3

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, is known to play important roles in modulating both NO and superoxide production during vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. However, the role of BH4 in functions of vascular smooth muscle cells is not fully known. In this study, we tested the effects of BH4 and dihydrobiopterin (BH2), a BH4 precursor, on migration and proliferation in response to platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). Cell migration and proliferation were measured using a Boyden chamber and a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, respectively, and these results were confirmed with an ex vivo aortic sprout assay. Cell viability was examined by 2,3-bis [2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assays. BH4 and BH2 decreased PDGF-BBinduced cell migration and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of cell migration and proliferation by BH4 and BH2 was not affected by pretreatment with $N^G$-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a NOS inhibitor. Moreover, the sprout outgrowth formation of aortic rings induced by PDGF-BB was inhibited by BH4 and BH2. Cell viability was not inhibited by BH4 and BH2 treatment. The present results suggest that BH4 and BH2 may inhibit PDGF-stimulated RASMC migration and proliferation via the NOS-independent pathway. Therefore, BH4 and its derivative could be useful for the development of a candidate molecule with an NO-independent anti-atherosclerotic function.

Tetrahydrobiopterin Inhibits PDGF-stimulated Migration and Proliferation in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells via the Nitric Oxide Synthase-independent Pathway

Xiaowen Jiang,김보경,Haiyue Lin,이창권,김정완,강현,이필영,원경종,정성호,이환명 대한약리학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.3

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, is known to play important roles in modulating both NO and superoxide production during vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. However, the role of BH4 in functions of vascular smooth muscle cells is not fully known. In this study, we tested the effects of BH4 and dihydrobiopterin (BH2), a BH4 precursor, on migration and proliferation in response to platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). Cell migration and proliferation were measured using a Boyden chamber and a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, respectively, and these results were confirmed with an ex vivo aortic sprout assay. Cell viability was examined by 2,3-bis [2-methoxy- 4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assays. BH4 and BH2 decreased PDGF-BB- induced cell migration and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of cell migration and proliferation by BH4 and BH2 was not affected by pretreatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a NOS inhibitor. Moreover, the sprout outgrowth formation of aortic rings induced by PDGF-BB was inhibited by BH4 and BH2. Cell viability was not inhibited by BH4 and BH2 treatment. The present results suggest that BH4 and BH2 may inhibit PDGF-stimulated RASMC migration and proliferation via the NOS-independent pathway. Therefore, BH4 and its derivative could be useful for the development of a candidate molecule with an NO-independent anti-atherosclerotic function.

Accumulation of Cd and Pb in various body parts, organs and tissues of Lymantria dispar asiatica (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

Zhang Jie,Jiang Dun,Dong Xiaowen,Meng Zhaojun,Yan Shanchun 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4

To investigate the accumulation patterns of Cd and/or Pb in various body parts, organs and tissues of the Asian gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae under Cd and/or Pb stress, Cd and Pb treated artificial diets were used to feed the larvae in the current study. These larval body parts/organs/tissues included the heads, integuments (body walls), alimentary canals, fat bodies and hemolymphs. Our results showed that under Cd and/or Pb stress, their accumulations in larval body parts/organs/tissues were significantly higher than those in the control, with the amounts of tested metals in the fat bodies and hemolymphs and alimentary canals being significantly higher than those in the heads and integuments. Under the single Cd (0, 7.5, 10.5 mg/kg) or Pb stress (0, 55, 90, 125 mg/kg), the accumulations of these heavy metals were positively correlated with their concentrations in diets. Under the combined stress (Cd × Pb), the Cd accumulation at the lower Pb concentrations was higher than that at higher Pb concentrations for the body parts/organs/tissues, similar effects of Cd concentrations on Pb accumulations were also recorded. These results clearly showed that Cd and/or Pb were accumulated in various body parts/organs/tissues at different levels under the heavy metal stress. And accumulations of Pb/Cd were positively correlated with their concentrations in the diets under the single stress. Under the combined stresses, Cd and Pb had synergistic effects at low concentrations whereas antagonistic effects at high concentrations. The accumulations of Cd and/or Pb in the gypsy moth larvae affects normal physiological and biochemical functions, and thus affects their growth and development.

Integrated fault location method for distribution networks based on IACO‑PS

Shuqing Zhang,Xiaowen Zhang,Anqi Jiang,Liguo Zhang,Mingliang Li 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.1

This paper develops a new hybrid method based on an improved ant colony optimization algorithm that incorporates pattern search (IACO-PS) for determining the location of faults in a distribution network. The performance of the conventional ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is improved using the opposite-based learning strategy to generate the initial population and adding a weight coefficient into the pheromone update mechanism to dynamically adjust the pheromone volatilization factor. The hybrid IACO-PS algorithm combines the individual strengths of ACO and PS. In addition, the fitness function is constructed by counting the false and missing fault information into the fault variable. In optimizing benchmark function experiments, the proposed hybrid IACO-PS presents a superior performance when compared to other improved versions of ACO. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is corroborated by tests performed on an IEEE 134-bus network. Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid IACO-PS method can determine the location of a fault even in the presence of fault distortion. In addition, it is immune to noise and data loss errors. Finally, the method proposed in this paper significantly outperforms other published fault location methods, and it can accurately locate faults and identify the type of distortion.

Investigation and Evaluation of Increasing Uplift Pressure in an Arch Dam: A Case Study of the Huaguangtan Dam

Chunjiang Fu,Xiaowen Yao,Tao Li,Haiyao Shen,Zhenyu Wang,Jianqun Jiang 대한토목학회 2014 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.18 No.6

The investigation of abnormal increases in uplift pressure can lead to the discovery of seepage paths that may cause damage to concrete arch dams. A new methodology has been developed in this study in order to analyze the causes of abnormally high uplift pressure increases and their influence on the structural safety assessments of dams. A series of borehole video tests were performed on an area of the Huaguangtan Dam and its foundations in order to investigate seepage phenomena under different working conditions. The reasons for the existence of the seepage paths causing abnormally high uplift pressures were identified by examining stresses on the dam, using a detailed three-dimensional numerical model. The results from the monitoring and on-site inspection showed that the high uplift pressure did not constitute a direct threat to the dam’s safety. However, grouting treatment of the existing cracks was recommended so as to prevent them from developing further within the dam’s foundations and to ensure the long-term stability of the foundation seepage. It was concluded that the methodology in this study could be used to solve practical engineering problems effectively as well as acting as a frame of reference for similar projects.

Rhaponticin suppresses the hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha-mediated aggressive phenotype of tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Wu Yuan,Wan Xiaowen,Shao Yisen,Wang Wei,Huang Wenquan,Zhu Jiajun,Jiang Lin 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2024 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.20 No.2

Emerging evidence suggests that rhaponticin, a stilbene monomeric compound isolated from North China rhubarb, has been shown to exhibit significant biological activity against tumors. However, the anticancer effects and mechanisms of rhaponticin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) remain elusive.We investigated the changes of migration and invasion abilities and EMT progression of TSCC cells treated with different concentrations of rhaponticin under hypoxia, as well as the possible mechanisms, in order to initially explore the effects of rhaponticin on the biological characteristics of TSCC cells under hypoxia.The number of cell migration and invasion was prominently increased, E-cadherin protein was down-regulated, and N-cadherin and HIF-1α protein expression was elevated under hypoxia. Rhaponticin intervention strikingly prevented the increased abilities of migration and invasion and EMT of TSCC cells under hypoxia. This was followed by further validation finding that rhaponticin indeed leads to reduced HIF-1α post-transcriptional activity. Mechanistically, rhaponticin may bind to aryl-hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (ARNT) domain of HIF-1α.Rhaponticin repressed the invasion and migration abilities and EMT process of TSCC cells under a hypoxic environment in vitro by targeted suppression of HIF-1α. Background Emerging evidence suggests that rhaponticin, a stilbene monomeric compound isolated from North China rhubarb, has been shown to exhibit significant biological activity against tumors. However, the anticancer effects and mechanisms of rhaponticin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) remain elusive. Objective We investigated the changes of migration and invasion abilities and EMT progression of TSCC cells treated with different concentrations of rhaponticin under hypoxia, as well as the possible mechanisms, in order to initially explore the effects of rhaponticin on the biological characteristics of TSCC cells under hypoxia. Results The number of cell migration and invasion was prominently increased, E-cadherin protein was down-regulated, and N-cadherin and HIF-1α protein expression was elevated under hypoxia. Rhaponticin intervention strikingly prevented the increased abilities of migration and invasion and EMT of TSCC cells under hypoxia. This was followed by further validation finding that rhaponticin indeed leads to reduced HIF-1α post-transcriptional activity. Mechanistically, rhaponticin may bind to aryl-hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (ARNT) domain of HIF-1α. Conclusions Rhaponticin repressed the invasion and migration abilities and EMT process of TSCC cells under a hypoxic environment in vitro by targeted suppression of HIF-1α.

Red organic light-emitting devices based on a pentacene derivative

Xiangdong Luo,Hong Gu,Bangdong Ding,Li Wang,Xiaowen Zhang,Wenqing Zhu,Xueyin Jiang,Zhilin Zhang 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

A more steric hindrance pentacene derivative, 6,13-di-(3,5-diphenyl) phenylpentacene (PDT) is synthesized in this experiment. And this manuscript presents the red emission organic light-emitting devices based on tris-(8-hydroxy- quinolinato) aluminum (Alq_3) co-doped with 6,13-di-(3,5-diphenyl) phenylpentacene (PDT), and 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene). By measuring and analyzing the intensity of red emission and Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of the devices with different rubrene concentrations and thicknesses of active layer, an optimized structure of [ITO/TPD (50 nm)/Alq_3: 3mol%PDT:1mol%rubrene(60 nm)/Bphen(25 nm)/LiF/Al] is obtained. The experimental results suggest that rubrene assists energy transfer from Alq3 to PDT in composite of Alq_3:PDT:rubrene,which results in relatively pure red emission. A red emission with chromaticity coordinates (x = 0.61,y = 0.37) is also obtained with the emitting layer of [Alq_3:3 mol% PDT:1 mol% rubrene] within the driving current density range of 12―120 mA/cm^2. A maximum luminance efficiency of 2.4 cd/A is measured at current density of 120 mA/cm^2 and high brightness of 2894 cd/m^2.

Comparative proteomic analysis of parasitic loranthus seeds exposed to dehydration stress

Limei Pan,Lingyun Wan,Lili He,Lisha Song,Hairong Long,Xiaowen Ji,Ni Jiang,Juan Huo,Shugen Wei,Jine Fu 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.1

Parasitic loranthus [Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser] is an important medicinal plant that produces recalcitrant seeds that are sensitive to dehydration. Desiccation tolerance is critical for the survival of recalcitrant seeds in low-moisture environments. Clarifying how these seeds respond to desiccation is important for long-term conservation. Thus, the viability, germination, microstructure, and antioxidant enzyme activities of dehydrated parasitic loranthus seeds were investigated. Diverse organelles were degraded or deformed during dehydration treatments. Additionally, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities gradually decreased in response to desiccation stress. A proteomic analysis involving TMT-labeling and LC–MS/ MS were performed. A total of 1479 proteins were identifed, of which 141 were diferentially expressed proteins (DEPs) at 16 and 36 h after initiating the dehydration treatments. A functional annotation based on gene ontology revealed that the DEPs were mainly localized in chloroplasts and were related to energy metabolism, responses to stimuli, and the regulation of biological processes. A KEGG pathway enrichment analysis determined that several of the identifed proteins were associated with signal transductions, photosynthesis, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. The results suggest that the efcient removal of excessive ROS amounts may be crucial for promoting parasitic loranthus seed germination under dehydration stress conditions. A series of candidate dehydration stress-related proteins were identifed and may be relevant for enhancing the dehydration tolerance of the recalcitrant seeds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the frst study to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the sensitivity of recalcitrant parasitic loranthus seeds to dehydration via a proteomic analysis involving TMT-labeling.