Effects of (-)-Sesamin on Memory Deficits in MPTP-lesioned Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease

Ting Ting Zhao,신건성,이명구 한국생약학회 2016 Natural Product Sciences Vol.22 No.4

This study investigated the effects of (-)-sesamin on memory deficits in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). MPTP lesion (30 mg/kg/day, 5 days) in mice showed memory deficits including habit learning memory and spatial memory. However, treatment with (-)-sesamin (25 and 50 mg/kg) for 21 days ameliorated memory deficits in MPTP-lesioned mouse model of PD: (-)-sesamin at both doses improved decreases in the retention latency time of the passive avoidance test and the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid, improved the decreased transfer latency time of the elevated plus-maze test, reduced the increased expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and increased the reduced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB). These results suggest that (-)-sesamin has protective effects on both habit learning memory and spatial memory deficits via the dopaminergic neurons and NMDA receptor-ERK1/2-CREB system in MPTP-lesioned mouse model of PD, respectively. Therefore, (-)-sesamin may serve as an adjuvant phytonutrient for memory deficits in PD patients.

Expression of the Proto-oncogene Pokemon in Colorectal Cancer - Inhibitory Effects of an siRNA

Zhao, Gan-Ting,Yang, Li-Juan,Li, Xi-Xia,Cui, Hui-Lin,Guo, Rui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Objective: This study aimed to investigate expression of the proto-oncogene POK erythroid myeloid ontogenic factor (Pokemon) in colorectal cancer (CRC), and assess inhibitory effects of a small interference RNA (siRNA) expression vector in SW480 and SW620 cells. Methods: Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine mRNA and protein expression levels of Pokemon in CRC tissues. Indirect immunofluorescence staining was applied to investigate the location of Pokemon in SW480 and SW620 cells. The siRNA expression vectors that were constructed to express a short hairpin RNA against Pokemon were transfected to the SW480 and SW620 cells with a liposome. Expression levels of Pokemon mRNA and protein were examined by real-time quantitative-fluorescent PCR and western blot analysis. The effects of Pokemon silencing on proliferation of SW480 and SW620 cells were evaluated with reference to growth curves with MTT assays. Results: The mRNA expression level of Pokemon in tumor tissues ($0.845{\pm}0.344$) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tumor specimens ($0.321{\pm}0.197$). The positive expression ratio of Pokemon protein in CRC (87.0%) was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues (19.6%). Strong fluorescence staining of Pokemon protein was observed in the cytoplasm of the SW480 and SW620 cells. The inhibition ratios of Pokemon mRNA and protein in the SW480 cells were 83.1% and 73.5% at 48 and 72 h, respectively, compared with those of the negative control cells with the siRNA. In the SW620 cells, the inhibition ratios of Pokemon mRNA and protein were 76.3% and 68.7% at 48 and 72 h, respectively. MTT showed that Pokemon gene silencing inhibited the proliferation of SW480 and SW620 cells. Conclusion: Overexpression of Pokemon in CRC may have a function in carcinogenesis and progression. siRNA expression vectors could effectively inhibit mRNA and protein expression of Pokemon in SW480 and SW620 cells, thereby reducing malignant cell proliferation.

North Korean Nuclear Issue in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Diplomacy: A Study Based on PEST-SWOT Analysis

Ting Zhao,Aijiao Liu 한국국회학회 2021 한국과 세계 Vol.3 No.1

Since 1990s, despite the strong opposition of the international community, North Korea has frequently conducted nuclear weapons tests and missile tests, and the DPRK nuclear issue has become an important factor affecting the security and stability of the Asia-Pacific region. As an extremely important multilateral organization in the Asia-Pacific region, ASEAN has gradually increased its influence in the Asia- Pacific region with the advancement of integration in recent years. In order to further enhance its influence and enhance its participation in Asia-Pacific affairs, ASEAN has been trying to give its voice on the Korean nuclear issue. The ASEAN Regional Forum and ASEAN Summit are the most important platforms for ASEAN to express its position and views. Since the North Korean nuclear issue became prominent, the North Korean nuclear issue has been a key topic discussed in the ASEAN Regional Forum and ASEAN Summit. Judging from the conference documents produced by the conferences over the years, ASEAN s attitude towards the Korean nuclear issue is still being fine-tuned. Although the international community has repeatedly issued policies to condemn North Korea and impose economic sanctions, ASEAN is generally neutral and conservative in its attitude towards the DPRK nuclear issue, and it is also very cautious in its actions. Recently, with China and Russia following the United States, they began to impose severe economic sanctions on North Korea, and their words changed to severe condemnation, and ASEAN s attitude towards North Korea also changed subtly. To some extent, the changes of the Korean nuclear issue in ASEAN reflect the constant fine-tuning of ASEAN s foreign policy. This paper aims to find out the fine-tuning of ASEAN s foreign policy and its influence on ASEAN by combing the changes of ASEAN s Korean nuclear issue and the potential reasons behind the changes.

[P3-09] Effect of roasting condition on the chemical composition and oxidative stability of perilla oil

Ting-Ting Zhao,Seung In Hong,In-Hwan Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2010 No.10

Sleep Duration and Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

Zhao, Hao,Yin, Jie-Yun,Yang, Wan-Shui,Qin, Qin,Li, Ting-Ting,Shi, Yun,Deng, Qin,Wei, Sheng,Liu, Li,Wang, Xin,Nie, Shao-Fa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

To assess the risk of cancers associated with sleep duration using meta-analysis of published cohort studies, we performed a comprehensive search using PubMed, Embase and Web of Science through October 2013. We combined hazard ratios (HRs) from individual studies using meta-analysis approaches. A random effect dose-response analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and cancer risk. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Publication bias was evaluated using Funnel plots and Begg's test. A total of 13 cohorts from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis, which included 723, 337 participants with 15, 156 reported cancer outcomes during a follow-up period ranging from 7.5 to 22 years. The pooled adjusted HRs were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.23; P for heterogeneity =0.003) for short sleep duration, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.07; P for heterogeneity <0.0001) for long sleep duration. In subgroup analyses stratified by cancer type, long duration of sleep showed an inverse relation with hormone-related cancer (HR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.97; P for heterogeneity =0.009) and a greater risk of colorectal cancer (HR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.52; P for heterogeneity =0.346). Further meta-analysis on dose-response relationships showed that the relative risks of cancer were 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.01; P for linear trend=0.9151) for one hour of sleep increment per day, and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.01; P for linear trend=0.7749) for one hour of sleep increment per night. No significant dose-response relationship between sleep duration and cancer was found on non-linearity testing (P=0.5053). Our meta-analysis suggests a positive association between long sleep duration and colorectal cancer, and an inverse association with incidence of hormone related cancers like those in the breast. Studies with larger sample size, longer follow-up times, more cancer types and detailed measure of sleep duration are warranted to confirm these results.

Enhancing antibacterial activity of geminized cationic amphiphilic polymer via structure control and self-assembly regulation

Ting Chen,Lianyu Zhao,Ziyuan Wang,Jishi Zhao,Yan Li,Hangyu Long,Ming Yang 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.90 No.-

A novel geminized amphiphilic polymer containing double cationic head groups and hydrophobic tails ineach structural unit (denoted as PAGBn), has been prepared in our study. The self-assembly behavior onthe solid/liquid interface was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D),steady-statefluorescence, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Atwo-regime buildup can be observed, where thefirst regime is attributed to the rapid adsorption ofpolymers, while a rearrangements of pre-adsorbed molecules and their aggregation on the surfacedominate the second regime, exhibiting a formation of aggregates in large sizes due to the effect of thecharge density and hydrophobes on the self-assembly process. It exhibits a drastically enhanced killingefficiency of99.9% against both of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria for PAGBncompared with other traditional single-chained polymers, through the reinforced synergistic effect ofelectrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, and the formation of large-sized polymer aggregates,encompassing and killing the bacteria more efficiency. Ourfindings reveal the antibacterial mechanismand the correlation between antibacterial activity and aggregates structure, providing a basis for thedevelopment of super-antibacterial materials in the infection resistant applications.

D-Lactic Acid Production by Sporolactobacillus inulinus Y2-8 Immobilized in Fibrous Bed Bioreactor Using Corn Flour Hydrolyzate

( Ting Zhao ),( Dong Liu ),( Hengfei Ren ),( Xinchi Shi ),( Nan Zhao ),( Yong Chen ),( Hanjie Ying ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.12

In this study, a fibrous bed bioreactor (FBB) was used for D-lactic acid (D-LA) production by Sporolactobacillus inulinus Y2-8. Corn flour hydrolyzed with α-amylase and saccharifying enzyme was used as a cost-efficient and nutrient-rich substrate for D-LA production. A maximal starch conversion rate of 93.78% was obtained. The optimum pH for D-LA production was determined to be 6.5. Ammonia water was determined to be an ideal neutralizing agent, which improved the D-LA production and purification processes. Batch fermentation and fedbatch fermentation, with both free cells and immobilized cells, were compared to highlight the advantages of FBB fermentation. In batch mode, the D-LA production rate of FBB fermentation was 1.62 g/l/h, which was 37.29% higher than that of free-cell fermentation, and the D-LA optical purities of the two fermentation methods were above 99.00%. In fed-batch mode, the maximum D-LA concentration attained by FBB fermentation was 218.8 g/l, which was 37.67% higher than that of free-cell fermentation. Repeated-batch fermentation was performed to determine the long-term performance of the FBB system, and the data indicated that the average D-LA production rate was 1.62 g/l/h and the average yield was 0.98 g/g. Thus, hydrolyzed corn flour fermented by S. inulinus Y2-8 in a FBB may be used for improving D-LA fermentation by using ammonia water as the neutralizing agent.

Gaseous signal molecule SO2 regulates autophagy through PI3K/ AKT pathway inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improves myocardial fibrosis in rats with type II diabetes

Zhao Junxiong,Wu Qian,Yang Ting,Nie Liangui,Liu Shengquan,Zhou Jia,Chen Jian,Jiang Zhentao,Xiao Ting,Yang Jun,Chu Chun 대한약리학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.26 No.6

Myocardial fibrosis is a key link in the occurrence and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Its etiology is complex, and the effect of drugs is not good. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important cause of myocardial fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gaseous signal molecule sulfur dioxide (SO2) on diabetic myocardial fibrosis and its internal regulatory mechanism. Masson and TUNEL staining, Western-blot, transmission electron microscopy, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry were used in the study, and the interstitial collagen deposition, autophagy, apoptosis, and changes in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways were evaluated from in vivo and in vitro experiments. The results showed that diabetic myocardial fibrosis was accompanied by cardiomyocyte apoptosis and down-regulation of endogenous SO2-producing enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AAT)1/2. However, exogenous SO2 donors could up-regulate AAT1/2, reduce apoptosis of cardiomyocytes induced by diabetic rats or high glucose, inhibit phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT protein, up-regulate autophagy, and reduce interstitial collagen deposition. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the gaseous signal molecule SO2 can inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote cytoprotective autophagy and inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis to improve myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats. The results of this study are expected to provide new targets and intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Effects of different culture systems on the culture of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatogonia stem cell-like cells in vitro

Ting-Ting Li,Shuang-Shuang Geng,Hui-Yan Xu,Ao-Lin Luo,Peng-Wei Zhao,Huan Yang,Xing-Wei Liang,Yang-Qing Lu,Xiao-Gan Yang,Ke-Huan Lu 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.1

Currently, the systems for culturing buffalo spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in vitro are varied, and their effects are still inconclusive. In this study, we compared the effects of culture systems with undefined (foetal bovine serum) and defined (KnockOut Serum Replacement) materials on the in vitro culture of buffalo SSC-like cells. Significantly more DDX4- and UCHL1-positive cells (cultured for 2 days at passage 2) were observed in the defined materials culture system than in the undefined materials system (p < 0.01), and these cells were maintained for a longer period than those in the culture system with undefined materials (10 days vs. 6 days). Furthermore, NANOS2 (p < 0.05), DDX4 (p < 0.01) and UCHL1 (p < 0.05) were expressed at significantly higher levels in the culture system with defined materials than in that with undefined materials. Induction with retinoic acid was used to verify that the cultured cells maintained SSC characteristics, revealing an SCP3+ subset in the cells cultured in the defined materials system. The expression levels of Stra8 (p < 0.05) and Rec8 (p < 0.01) were significantly increased, and the expression levels of ZBTB16 (p < 0.01) and DDX4 (p < 0.05) were significantly decreased. These findings provided a clearer research platform for exploring the mechanism of buffalo SSCs in vitro.

Rapid separation and identification of 31 major saponins in Shizhu ginseng by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization-MS/MS

Ting-Ting Sun,Xin-Lei Liang,He-Yun Zhu,Xu-Ling Peng,Xing-Jie Guo,Long-Shan Zhao 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.3

Background: Among the various ginseng strains, Shizhu ginseng is endemic to China, mainly distributed in Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County (Liaoning Province, China); however, not much is known about the compounds (especially saponins) in Shizhu ginseng. Methods: A rapid, sensitive, and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with MS/MS (UHPLCeMS/MS) method was developed to separate and identify saponins in Shizhu ginseng. Results: The separation was carried out on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 ㎛) with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase under a gradient elution at 40℃. The detection was performed on a Micromass Quattro Micro API mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source in both positive and negative modes. Under the optimized conditions, a total of 31 saponins were identified or tentatively characterized by comparing retention time and MS data with related literatures and reference substances. Conclusion: The developed UHPLCeMS/MS method was suitable for identifying and characterizing the chemical constituents in Shizhu ginseng, which provided a helpful chemical basis for further research on Shizhu ginseng.