영일사방사업지의 (迎日砂防事業地) 삼림생태학적 연구

홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국산림과학회 1982 한국산림과학회지 Vol.58 No.1

The large devastated land in Young-il district, Gyeongsangbusdo, had been existed for a long time, and the Korean government had invested 3.8 billion won to control soil erosion of the area for 5 years from 1973 to 1977. This research was to investigate the changes of the soil profile and vegetation structure in the 3rd, 6th and 9 th years since soil erosion control had implemented. The results obtained in this study are as follows: 1) The thickness of the litter layer (L), the fermentation layer(F), the humified layer(H) and the surface soil layer(S) increased with increasing years after implements soil erosion control project had started 2) The H layer was not showed for the three years since the project had implemented but was in the sixty year. 3) The soil chemical elements including the organic matter and total nitrogen increased with increasing years after th project had started. the amounts of organic matter and total nitrogen were three and seven times higher respectively in the nineth year after project had started. The amounts of organic matter and total nitrogen were three and seven times higher, respectively in the nineth year after project started than those before 4) Among the grasses and trees which had been sowed or planted during project period, the summed domination ratios for arundinella hirta var ciliare. Themeda japonica, Cymbopogen goeringi and Lespedeza bicolor decreased rapidly, while those for Robinia pesudoacacia and Pinus densiflora increased with increasing years after the project started. 5) The appearance of Quercus seedlings suited to this area and Pinus densiflora seedling which is a subclimax species increased with increasing years after the project started.

삽수의 (揷穗) 수분 통도저항 (通導抵抗)

홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국산림과학회 1980 한국산림과학회지 Vol.48 No.1

The resistance to water transport were measured for the species which are easy for rooting and the species which are difficult for rooting from cutting to rooting. The experimental materials were selected as Euonymus japonica and Viburnum Awabuki for the species easy to root and Quercus glauca, Pasania edulis and Rhaphiolepsis umbellata var. integerreima for the species that are difficult to root. The results were summarized as follows; 1. As the time passed after cutting, the variation of total resistance (RT) showed a slow increase for the species easy to root, while the species that were difficult to root showed a rapid increase. 2. The stem resistance without leaves (RS) showed a rapid increase for the species easy to root but the species difficult to root had nearly constant values. 3. The stem resistance in the cross section (RC) increased noticably for the species difficult to root showed no increase. Furthermore the stem resistance in the cross section (RC) depended on the variation of the stem resistance without leaves (RS). 4. The total resistance (RT) consisted mainly of the resistance of the axil part (RL) for the species difficult to root.

삽수의 (揷穗) Leaf Water Potential 의 변화

홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국산림과학회 1978 한국산림과학회지 Vol.38 No.1

The diurnal pattern of leaf water potential in cuttings by Dye Method was as follows: 1. Diurnal pattern of leaf water potential (φ₁) in Viburnum Awabuki K. Koch and Daphne odora Thunb. was shown the pattern of the curves without mutual relation with soil classes when soil water potential (φ_s) was 0 bar. When φ_s was above -0.01 bar, the cuttings in the loamy sand (L.S.) was shown by the maximum values than that in sandy clay (S.C.) by about -1 bar gap (Fig. 1). 2. The diurnal changes of φ₁ was shown the most high from two to eight O`clock in the morning, the maximum value was -3 bars when φ_s was above -0.01 to -0.02 bar, and was -4 bars below -0.03 bar. The diurnal the lowest values of φ₁ showed -20 to -22 bars from one to two O`clock in the afternoon. In the fifteenth day after cutting V.A., the staying time in the diurnal maximum values of φ₁ is about half in comparison with it in the fifth day. The curves of recovery of water stress (Fig. 1), the former reached to the diurnal maximum values -1 to -2 bars lately every hours comparing with it of the latter. The general diurnal pattern of φ₁ was most clearly related to change with air temperature and the relative humitidy. 3. Comparing the treatment block by IAA 50 ppm with controlled block in fifteenth day after V.A. cuttings, in case of treatment reached to maximum values -2 to -3 bars lately as shown Fig. 2., and also staying times was only half in comparison with controlled block. 4. The cuttings 4 leafs was much rootings than 2 leafs in V.A. (Table. 1), and the former reached maximum value -2 to -3 bars lately every hours comparing with the latter. 5. In case of Buxus microphylla var. Koreana as shown Fig. 3., comparing the pattern curves of in the cuttings 8 leafs with 4 leafs, the former reached to maximum values -2 to -3 bars lately in comparison with the latter, but reffering to the amount of rooting (Table. 2), the former is less than the latter.

다극성상 (多極盛相) 잠재식생개념에 (潛在植生槪念) 의거한 삼림환경형 분류에 관한 연구

홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국산림과학회 1989 한국산림과학회지 Vol.78 No.2

The habitat typing method of classification based on community has been developed on many forested areas in the ROCKY MOUNTAINS of WESTERN NORTH AMERICA, and is being used in providing an objective principle of guide for classification of forest sites, land classification, vertical distribution and multipurpose management of forest. I actually made a trial of forest habitat type classification - The methodology can be segmented into a number of tasks including reconnaissance, selection of stands to be sampled, location of plots, data gathering, preliminary and computer analysis, preparation of key- and map of habitat type and description for each habitat type in a view of forest management - on UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA FORESTS in order to examine whether its application is fit or not in korean forest circumstances : these are composed mainly of artificial forest and forest in the early stage of succession. The main results obtained from this study were summarized as follows 1. A hierarchical classification-Climax, Habitat type and Phases-of forest sites was developed using the habitat typing method of classification. 2. A diagnostic key is provided for field identification of the types based upon presence and number of indicator species, and forest managers could prepare a map of habitat type and classify forest habirat types by reference to it. 3. The classified habitat types were considered to be effective on providing an objective principle of guide for multipurpose management of forest including potential productivity for timber, feed productivity of forage and wildlife, selection of the right species in the right sites, application of method of treatment and so forth. 4. Forest habitat type classifications based upon extrapolation which used relict species and associated stands is considered to be suitable for korean forest circumstances and objective in studying potential vegetation, vertical and horizontal distribution of forest.

팔공산 삼림식생 (森林植生)

홍성천,조현제,윤영활,김제학 ( Sung Cheon Hong,Hyun Je Cho,Yong Whal Yun,Je Hak Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1985 한국산림과학회지 Vol.70 No.1

Through the study of the physiognomical vegetation, the vertical distribution, the distribution of forest community and the flora of the woody plants on the south facing slope of Mt. Pal-Gong, the results obtained were summarized as follows. The forest of Pinus densiflora was dominant in the region of below 750m above the sea level, the mixed forest of conifer and broad-leaved trees in the region of 750m to 950m and the pure forest of deciduous broad-leaved trees in the region of above 950m. Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica were dominant for the upper-story trees, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and Carpinus laxiflora for the mid-story trees, Lespedeza maximowiczii, Sasa purpurascens, Rhododendron mucronulatum and Rhododendron schlippenbachii for the under-story trees. Among seventeen forest communities, Cephalotaxus koreana, Populus davidiana and Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica were considered remarkable communities on the south facing slope of Mt. Pal-Gong. The woody plants growing on Mt. Pal-Gong are composed of 59 families, 7 subfamilies, 122 genera, 178 species, 29 varieties and 10 formae. Populus davidiana, Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica and Rubus phoenicolasius were collected newly in this study.

삽수조제의 (揷穗調製) 다름에 따른 일중의 (日中) Leaf Water potential 의 변화

홍성천,김영호 ( Sung Cheon Hong,Young Ho Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.54 No.1

This thesis emphasize on diurnal changes of leaf water potential in relation to differences of cutting arrangement. 1. the more is leaves attached to the cutting, the higher is water stress in the cutting compared with less leaves. 2. The less is diameter of cut-part, the more are shown changes in increased and decrease in diurnal leaf water potential. 3. The more is length of stem, the more are shown water stress in diurnal leaf water potential 4. there is no differences between earthen-ball cutting and non-earthen ball cutting in diurnal leaf water potential. 5. Cuttings with two year`s slip, compared with one year`s leaf water potential increases slowly, dry weigh of root and numbers of rooted cutting are most likely dependent upon other factors rather than the water stress.

건전한 소나무의 그루터기에 서식하는 솔수염하늘소 유충의 발육과 우화상태 조사

이성민 ( Sung Min Lee ),홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

소나무재선충병 방제지역 내외의 건전한 소나무 그루터기에 대한 처리 지침을 마련하였다. 야외 그물망 케이지(1m×1m×1m)내에 건전한 어린 소나무 그루터기(지경 1cm 내외), 건전한 장령 소나무 그루터기(직경 10~15cm), 그루터기와 큰 간재, 작은 간재, 가지를 한 케이지 내에 함께 넣은 처리구로 3종류의 처리를 하였다. 2012년 6월, 7월에 각 케이지 마다 6쌍의 솔수염하늘소 성충을 방사한 후 2012년 9월말까지 후식(maturation feeding) 시킨 후 산란을 유도하였다. 이듬해 2013년 5월부터 11월까지 솔수염하늘소 유충 발육 및 우화여부를 조사하였다. 건전한 장령 소나무 그루터기(직경 10~15cm)에서는 솔수염하늘소의 산란흔과 침입공이 다수 발견되었으며 이듬해 성충으로 우화하였다. 건전한 어린 소나무 그루터기(직경 1cm 내외)에서는 산란흔 및 유충은 발견되었으나 다음해 성충으로 우화한 개체는 확인되지 않았다. 한 시험구 내에 그루터기+큰 간재+작은 간재+가지를 함께 넣고 솔수염하늘소 방사 후 주기적으로 먹이를 공급한 경우, 그루터기에서도 솔수염하늘소의 산란흔과 유충이 발견되었다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 미루어 보면 소나무재선충병 방제 작업 시 건전한 소나무의 그루터기가 있을 경우, 재선 충병 감염목의 그루터기 처리와 동일한 처리를 하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. Management strategy of healthy red pine was prepared within the area of pine wilt disease occurrence. Three kinds of treatments, such as healthy sapling stumps (< 1 cm diameter), young red pine stumps (10-15 cm diameter), stumps with big trunk, small trunk, and branch were prepared within the cage (1m×1m×1m) in the field. Japanese pine sawyer adults (6 pairs per cage) were released in each cage in June and July, 2012 and induced oviposition until September, 2013. Then, the rates of larval development and adult emergence of M. alternatus were determined. At healthy young red pine group, M. alternatus made many oviposition wounds and entrance holes, then emerged into adults in next year. At healthy sapling red pine group, M. alternatus made oviposition wounds and entrance holes, but did not emerged into adults in next year. However, at a group containing stumps with big trunk, small trunk, branch, M. alternatus made oviposition wounds and larvae were identified. In overall, stumps of healthy red pine have to be treat with the same way as infected trees while in the control of pine wilt disease.

금강송림의 식생구조에 관한 정량적 분석

윤충원,홍성천,Yun, Chung-Weon,Hong, Sung-Cheon 한국생태학회 2000 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.23 No.3

금강송림의 식생단위와 환경과의 상관관계, 종조성, 종다양도, 종간결합 등 생태학적 특성들에 대하여 정량적으로 연구하였던 바 다음과 같이 요약되었다. 1) CCA 방법으로 분석한 결과 주로 지형, 해발, 유효인산, 마그네슘 등의 환경요인들이 높은 상관관계를 보여주고 있었다. 꼬리진달래군락은 해발이 논고 사면상부나 능선부쪽 지형으로 갈수록 더 많이 분포하는 경향이었고, 마그네슘과 칼슘이온의 농도는 낮은 입지에 주로 분포하였다. 산앵도나무군락은 칼슘, 마그네슘의 이온농도가 높은 입지에 분포하는 경향이었고, 사면중상부와 능선부로 갈수록 많이 분포하는 경향이었다. 2) 중요치 분석결과 각 지역의 교목층과 아교목층에서 중요치가 높게 나타난 종은 금강송, 신갈나무, 굴참나무, 졸참나무, 물푸레나무 등이었으며, 관목층에서는 소광리 지역이 다른 지역에 비해 금강송의 중요치가 높게 나타났다. 즉, 소광리의 금강송 임분이 천연갱신이 가장 잘 되고 있음을 반영하였다. 3) 종다양도지수를 보면 울진이 0.6622로 가장 낮았고, 기타지역은 대부분 0.7내외로 나타났으며, 식생단위별 종다양도 지수는 당단풍군락이 높게 나타났다. 4) 소광리지역은 울진과는 군락유사도의 차이가 낮게 나타났으며, 기타지역간에는 군락유사도가 0.6이상으로 높게 나타났다. 5) 종간결합관계 분석 결과 크게 두 개의 그룹으로 구분되었다. 한 그룹은 식물사회학적 분석에서의 표징종군과, 또 한 그룹은 식별종군과 거의 일치하였다. The objectives of this study were to classify quantitatively vegetational types of P. densiflora for. erecta forest. The results were summarized as follows. 1) According to the canonical correspondence analysis(CCA), variables such as topography, altitude, available P/sub 2/O/sub 5/, and Mg/sup 2+/were highly correlated on three axes. Based on the correlations between vegetation units and environmental factors, Rhododendron micranthum community tended to be more distributed in the such situations of high altitude, upper topography, high C/N ratio, low level of Mg/sup 2+/and Ca/sup 2+/. Vaccinium koreanum community tended to be more distributed in the such conditions of high altitude, upper topography, high level of Ca/sup 2+/and Ma/sup 2+/. 2) According to the results of importance value analysis, Tree layer and Subtree layer in study areas showed high Ⅳ along with P. densiflora for. erecta, Quercus mongonlica, Q. variabilis, Q. serrata, Fraxinus rhychophylla and shrub layer indicated that Ⅳ of P. densiflora for, erecta in Sokwang-ri area was higher than those of the other areas. Therefore, it was considered that P. densiflora for. erecta forest of Sokwang-ri area could be naturally regenerated. 3) According to results of species diversity, the species diversity of Uljin region showed the least low value as 0.6622, other regions appeared about 0.7. In the diversity by vegetation types, Acer pseudosieboldianum community showed high value. 4) According to the analysis of community similarity, Sokwang-Ri region was lowly correlated with Uljin region, while the index among the other areas appeared above 0.6. 5) According to the analysis of interspecific association, it was divided into 2 groups. The species of first group were mainly involved in character species, and the species of second group were involved in differential species groups.

청옥산 삼림식생에 관한 연구 - 식물사회학적 분석방법으로 -

오승환,윤충원,배관호,홍성천 ( Seung Hwan Oh,Chung Weon Yun,Kwan Ho Bae,Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.1

The Mt. Cheongok is located at the northern part of Kyungsangpookdo from 37°00` 00`` to 37°05` 00`` latitude and from 128°55` 00`` to 129°00` 00`` longitude. The altitude of the summit is 1,276.5m. This study was carried out to classify forest communities by the methods of Zurich-Montepellier schools. And, it also might be useful for selection of plant species, forest conservation, and prompting vegetation succession. The forest vegetation in Mt. Cheongok was classified into 12 communities, 4 groups, and 4 subgroups. Rhododendron micranthum subgroup of Pinus densiflora for. erecta community and Fraxinus mandshurica community were not found in cool temperate forest, southern zone yet. According to the coincidence method, Pines densiflora for. erecta community was mainly distributed from altitude 450m to 1,100m and from upper slope to ridge, and Quercus mongolica community was dominanced in the range of over altitude 700m. Pinus densiflora for. erecta community, distributed in upper slope and ridge, is judged to be maintained in the future. But Pinus densiflora for. erecta community, distributed in below middle slope, is judged to be changed into deciduous hardwood forest.

테에다소나무 조림지에서 활엽수와의 종간경쟁이 임분수준 생존 예측모형에 미치는 영향

이영진(Young Jin Lee),홍성천(Sung Cheon Hong) 한국산림과학회 2000 한국산림과학회지 Vol.89 No.1

Stand level survival prediction model was developed that incorporated the incidence of fusiform rust(Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) and allowed the transition of trees from an uninfected stage to an infected stage. The influence of hardwood interspecific competition on the survival of unthinned planted stands of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was analyzed by using of information from twelve years of tracking a set of permanent plots representing a broad range of plantation parameters. Significant interaction effects between site index and hardwood basal area per acre were revealed in the survival model. Survival of the planted pines decreased with increasing density of hardwood trees per acre and site index as the productivity rating of the forest land. The effects of hardwood trees interspecific competition on loblolly pine tended to show a negative effect on predicted future number of planted pine trees.