오차드그라스의 예취빈도에 따른 무기태질소의 단기시용 효과

조익환,이용세,전하준 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1998 科學技術硏究 Vol.5 No.2

A study was made to estimate the economic level(Necon.) of mineral nitrogen and a proper cutting frequency for the dry matter production of Orchardgrass (Dactlyis glomerata L.) during the harvested years in 1993∼1995. Annual mineral nitrogen was applied at the levels of 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 kg ha^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 0, 120, 240. 360 and 480 kg ha^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 0. 150. 300. 450 and 600 kg ha^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. The dry matter yields of all cutting frequencies in 1993 were significantly higher than in the other harvested years. Mean dry matter yield were 13.1, 12.7 and 14.3 tons ha-1 in 3, 4 and 5 cuttings, respectively. Higher efficiencies of dry matter production in response to mineral nitrogen application were recorded as 12.9 kg at level of 360 kg ha^(-1) yr-1 in 3 cuttings. 27.3 kg at level of 240 kg ha-1 yr^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 20.5 kg at level of 150 kg ha-1 yr-1 in 5 cuttings, respectively. Significantly higher dry matter yields appeared as 4.6 tons ha-1 at 1st cut in 3 cuttings, 3.7 tons and 4.1 tons ha^(-1) at 2nd cut in 4 and 5 cuttings, respectively. The estimated marginal dry matter yields(Ymar.) were 11.7∼12.3 tons ha^(-1) at ranges of economic N level of 285.5∼316.6 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 10.4∼10.5 tons ha-1 at ranges of 176.7∼196.6 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 11.2∼11.6 tons ha^(-1) at ranges of 246.1∼286.0 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. Maximun dry matter yields(Ymax.) were 14.3 tons at the level of limiting N(Nmax.) of 379.5 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 3 cuttings. 11.1 ton at level of limiting N of 298.4 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 12.3 ton at level of limiting N of 467.7 kg ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. Economic N level in all cuts were in the ranges of 85.1∼116.1 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 31.3∼69.7 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 4 cuttings, and 30.8∼81.4 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively.

P168 : Split-face comparison study of new hyaluronic acid filler for efficacy and safety of HA-IDF versus Restylane® for correction of nasolabial folds

( Jie Hyun Jeon ),( Joo Ha Kim ),( Jung Woo Lee ),( Kui Young Park ),( Seong Jun Seo ),( Hae Jun Song ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: After successive trials and failures of various injectable materials such as bovine collagen, polyacryamide, calcium hydroxylapatite, etc., hyaluronic acid (HA) has become the most popular filling material. Many new HA fillers are being produced for the purpose of correcting wrinkles and augmentation of soft tissue. Objectives: This study aimed to test the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of a new HA filler, HA-IDF (Yvoire Classic s touch-up, LG Life Sciences, Inc., Seoul, South Korea) and compare HA-IDF with Restylane (Q-Med, Uppsala, Sweden). Methods: Fifty-eight subjects with visible nasolabial folds (NLFs) were enrolled in a randomized, multi-center, single-blind, active-controlled, matched-pair clinical study. Each subject was injected with HA-IDF in one NLF and Restylane in the other. All participants were assessed for cosmetic change at 2, 10, 18, and 26 weeks. Results: At screening, the average Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS) for both right and left NLFs was 3.24±0.43. After 26 weeks, the results were 2.56±0.09 for both groups. There was no significant difference in WSRS scores for wrinkle improvement and in incidence of adverse events for both HA filler treatments. Conclusion: The new HA filler HA-IDF is effective and safe for correcting NLFs.

Bloodstream Infections and Clinical Significance of Healthcare-associated Bacteremia: A Multicenter Surveillance Study in Korean Hospitals

Son, Jun Seong,Song, Jae-Hoon,Ko, Kwan Soo,Yeom, Joon Sup,Ki, Hyun Kyun,Kim, Shin-Woo,Chang, Hyun-Ha,Ryu, Seong Yeol,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Jung, Sook-In,Shin, Sang Yop,Oh, Hee Bok,Lee, Yeong Seon,Chung, Doo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.7

<P>Recent changes in healthcare systems have changed the epidemiologic paradigms in many infectious fields including bloodstream infection (BSI). We compared clinical characteristics of community-acquired (CA), hospital-acquired (HA), and healthcare-associated (HCA) BSI. We performed a prospective nationwide multicenter surveillance study from 9 university hospitals in Korea. Total 1,605 blood isolates were collected from 2006 to 2007, and 1,144 isolates were considered true pathogens. HA-BSI accounted for 48.8%, CA-BSI for 33.2%, and HCA-BSI for 18.0%. HA-BSI and HCA-BSI were more likely to have severe comorbidities. <I>Escherichia coli</I> was the most common isolate in CA-BSI (47.1%) and HCA-BSI (27.2%). In contrast, <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (15.2%), coagulase-negative <I>Staphylococcus</I> (15.1%) were the common isolates in HA-BSI. The rate of appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy was the highest in CA-BSI (89.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (76.4%), and HA-BSI (75.0%). The 30-day mortality rate was the highest in HA-BSI (23.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (18.4%), and CA-BSI (10.2%). High Pitt score and inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy were the independent risk factors for mortality by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, the present data suggest that clinical features, outcome, and microbiologic features of causative pathogens vary by origin of BSI. Especially, HCA-BSI shows unique clinical characteristics, which should be considered a distinct category for more appropriate antibiotic treatment.</P>

예취빈도에 따른 질소시비가 오차드 그라스의 영양가와 양분수량에 미치는 영향

조익환,전하준,김민 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 1999 科學技術硏究 Vol.6 No.2

This experiment was carried out to investigated the effects of levels of mineral nitrogen under various cutting systems on the nutritive value and nutrient yields of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) during harvested years in 1993-1995. The contents of crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients (TDN), relative feed value (RFV) and annual nutrient yields in relatively wet year (1993) were significantly higher than those in the other harvested years, but the tendency of contents of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were against. The contents of CP, TDN, RFV of all cutting frequencies were highest at the last cut, but lowest at the 2nd cut. The annual nutrient yields were highest at the 1 st cut in 3 cuttings, and at the 2nd cut in 4 and 5 cuttings, respectively. Significantly higher contents of CP in all cutting frequencies appeared in according to increase the levels of mineral nitrogen, but the contents of ADF were lower with nitrogen fertilization of 60 kg ha^(-1) cut^(-1) in 4 and 5 cuttings than those in non-fertilized plots. Higher efficiencies of dry matter production (kg DMY kg^(-1) N), crude protein production (kg CPY kg^(-1) N) and total digestible nutrients production (kg TDNY kg^(-1) N) in response to mineral nitrogen fertilization were recorded as 12.9, 1.4 and 7.6 kg at level of 360 kg ha^(-1) in 3 cuttings, 27.3. 2.7 and 16.0 kg at level of 120 kg ha^(-1) in 4 cuttings, 20.5, 2.0 and 12.7 kg at level of 360 k, ha^(-1) in 5 cuttings, respectively. In all treatments, negative correlation between CP and ADF or NDF appeared (P<0.001). Positive correlations were recorded between CP and TDN or RFV. and among TDN and nutrient yields (P<0.01).

ACCase 저해 제초제 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 경남지방 수집종 피의 저항성

원종찬,원옥재,하준,임일빈,강광식,변종영,박기웅,이증주,Won, Jong Chan,Won, Ok Jae,Ha, Jun,Im, Il-Bin,Kang, Kwang Sik,Pyon, Jong Yeong,Park, Kee Woong,Lee, Jeung Joo 한국잡초학회한국잔디학회 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.2

Repeated use of ACCase inhibiting herbicides for a long time has resulted in increases of resistant Echinochloa oryzicola populations in paddy fields in middle west area of Korea. This study aims to investigate current status of herbicide resistant E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do, in which there is less information about herbicide resistance. For resistance frequency and dose-response study, seeds from 100 individual plants of E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do were collected and tested with cyhalofop-butyl. Seven percent of plants from Gyeongsangnam-do was resistant at a recommended rate of cyhalofop-butyl. $GR_{50}$ values (herbicide rates required to reduce plant growth 50%) for one representative resistant populations and five susceptible populations were $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ and 66-234 (average 147)$g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, indicating average 5 times difference in resistance. Although lower rate of frequency of herbicide resistance in Gyeongsangnam-do than in Jeollabuk-do, increases of herbicide resistance are expected in this area because of increases of direct seeded rice fields and increases of dependence on a specific herbicide. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor herbicide resistance regularly and conduct integrated herbicide resistance management in this area. 경남지역 제초제 저항성 피의 발생현황과 저항성 정도를 알아보기 위하여 벼 재배 논에서 100개체의 피 종자를 수집하여 ACCase 저해제인 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 약량반응 실험을 수행한 결과, 수집한 피의 7%가 저항성으로 조사되었다. 선발된 감수성 5개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 평균 $147g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$로 나타났고, 함양 지역의 저항성 개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ 로 R/S (ratio of resistance to sensitivity)값은 5.01배로 나타났다. 현재 경남지역에서의 저항성 피의 발생 수준은 낮은 것으로 나타났지만, 저항성 피의 확산을 지연시키거나 막기 위해서는 주기적인 저항성 피의 모니터링과 체계적인 저항성 잡초 관리방안을 마련하여 수행할 필요가 있다.

폐탄광 산림복구지의 수종별 탄소 저장량 추정: 자작나무, 잣나무, 소나무류 식재지를 중심으로

김광은,김성준,김현준,장한나,김형섭,박용하,손요환,Kim, Gwangeun,Kim, Seongjun,Kim, Hyun-Jun,Chang, Hanna,Kim, Hyungsub,Park, Yong-Ha,Son, Yowhan 한국환경생물학회 2020 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.38 No.4

본 연구는 폐탄광에서 산림으로 복구된 지역의 임목, 낙엽층, 토양, 그리고 산림의 총 탄소 저장량을 추정하고, 수종별 탄소 저장량 차이를 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 강원도, 경상북도, 전라남도의 폐탄광 산림복구지에서 자작나무, 잣나무, 소나무류(소나무, 리기다소나무, 곰솔)가 서로 다른 시기에 식재된 산림과 주변의 일반 산림을 조사하였다. 일반 산림에 비하여 폐탄광 산림복구지 내 낙엽층 및 토양(ton C ha^-1; 자작나무: 3.31±0.59 및 28.62±2.86, 잣나무: 3.60±0.93 및 22.26±5.72, 소나무류: 4.65±0.92 및 19.95±3.90), 그리고 산림의 총 탄소 저장량(ton C ha^-1; 자작나무: 54.81±7.22, 잣나무: 47.29±8.97, 소나무류: 45.50±6.31)은 낮게 나타났으며, 임목 탄소 저장량(ton C ha^-1; 자작나무: 22.57±6.18, 잣나무: 21.17±8.76, 소나무류: 20.80±6.40)은 자작나무가 식재된 곳에서만 낮은 결과가 나타났다. 수종별로 토양 탄소 저장량을 제외한 임목, 낙엽층, 산림의 총 탄소 저장량에서 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 임목 및 산림의 총 탄소 저장량은 복구 후 경과시간에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 한편, 폐탄광 산림복구지의 자작나무와 소나무류에서 토양 pH 및 CEC가 낮게 나타났으며, 수종별 불안정탄소, 유효인산, 미생물 바이오매스 탄소가 일반 산림토양보다 2배 이상 낮은 결과를 보였다. 폐탄광 산림복구지에 석회 및 유기질 비료의 시비와 경운을 통해 토양 성질을 개선하고, 가지치기 및 간벌 등과 같은 산림관리로 임목 생육을 증진시키면 폐탄광 산림복구지 내 탄소 저장량을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. We estimated the carbon storage of coal mines reclaimed using Betula platyphylla (BP), Pinus koraiensis (PK), and Pinus spp. (PS, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, and Pinus thunbergii). The carbon storage of tree biomass (TB), forest floor(FF), mineral soil (MS), and the total forest were quantified. Reclaimed sites were located in Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and Jeollanam-do; reclamation was conducted at various times in each region. The carbon storage (ton C ha^-1) in FF (BP: 3.31±0.59, PK: 3.60±0.93, PS: 4.65±0.92), MS (BP: 28.62±2.86, PK: 22.26±5.72, PS: 19.95±3.90), and the total forest(BP: 54.81±7.22, PK: 47.29±8.97, PS: 45.50±6.31) were lower than that of natural forests (NF). The carbon storage in TB was lower in BP (22.57±6.18) compared to NF, while those in PK(21.17±8.76) and PS (20.80±6.40) were higher than in NF. While there were no significant differences in the carbon storage of TB, FF, and the total forest among tree species, results from MS showed a significant difference among species. TB and the total forest carbon storages in all sites increased after reclamation. Soil pH and cation exchange capacity values in BP and PS were lower than in NF. Amounts of labile carbon, available phosphate, and microbial biomass carbon in reclaimed sites were less than half of NF. There are a number of methods that could increase the reclamation efficiency. Applications of lime or organic fertilizers, as well as tillage operations, may improve soil properties in reclaimed coal mines. Additionally, pruning and thinning would increase tree growth thereby increasing carbon storage.

Investigation on Delamination Characteristics of 2-Ply Clad Metals and Adhesive Joints for Aluminum/Stainless Steel via the Peel Test

Jun‑Hyung Sim,Yungeun Ha,Min‑Kyun Kim,Min‑Joong Kim,Young‑Rae Cho 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.2

Bonding properties are important for metallic multilayer composites (MMCs) comprising different materials or materialswith different mechanical properties. In this study, we fabricated 2-ply Al/stainless steel (STS) clad metals and Al/adhesive(adh)/STS joints. To manufacture samples with various mechanical properties, T6 heat treatment was performed on cladmetals, and adhesive joints of several thicknesses were prepared. For each sample, the bonding strength was characterizedvia a T-peel test and the results were analyzed using the peeling angle. For 2-ply Al/STS clad metals, the T6 heat treatmentresulted in opposite trends in the mechanical properties. The bonding strength of 2-ply Al/STS clad metals was affectedby the peeling angle, i.e., a small peeling angle provided a small bonding strength at the interface. However, for the 2-plyAl/adh/STS joints, the bonding strength of adhesives on metals depended on each adherend of the stress state. As the differencein mechanical properties between the two adherends increased, the difference in each peeling angle of Al and STSalso increased. The peeling angle of adherends reached a limiting value when the sample contacted the clamping jig head;therefore, a new term, apparent bonding strength (ABS), is necessary to differentiate this new strength from the bondingstrength obtained under non-contact conditions. We believe that the concept of peeling angle and ABS proposed herein willplay a crucial role in describing the delamination behavior and bonding strength of MMCs via the peel test.

환자의 비강으로부터 분리된 메티실린 내성 황색 포도알균의 분자 아형 분석

Sang-Ha Kim,Sung-Bae Park,Heechul Park,Jun Seong Kim,Jungho Kim,Jiyoung Lee,임재원,Young Kwon Kim,Sunghyun Kim 대한임상검사과학회 2020 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.52 No.2

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infections in different parts of the body and causes skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). The present study examined the antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular epidemiological characteristics of MRSA isolated from nasal swabs in clinical patients. SCCmec type of MRSA isolates from clinical patients were analyzed: 24 cases were SCCmec type-II; two cases were type-II/IVa; one case was type-II/V; one case was type-IVa; 11 cases were not-typeable. The mec complex type of MRSA isolates from clinical patients were analyzed: 29 cases were mec complex type A, and 10 cases were not-typeable, but type B was not found in the present study. In conclusion, SCCmec type-II and mec complex type A were the most dominant MRSA subtypes among the MRSA isolates from a nasal swab of patients, and the results were similar to other studies on hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA). These results can not only provide basic data for hospital infection management but also be a good guideline for MRSA infections in the Republic of Korea. 본 연구에서는 환자의 비강으로부터 분리 배양된 총 39건의 MRSA 분리 배양 균주를 이용해 mecA 유전자 검출, SCCmec typing과 mec complex typing을 분석해 보고자 하였다. 임상 환자의 비강으로부터 분리 배양된 MRSA 총 39주 중 SCCmec type-II가 24건, type-II/IVa가 2건, type-II/V가 1건, type-IVa가 1건, not-typeable이 11건으로 분석되었으며, mec complex type A가 29건, not-typeable이 10건이었으며, type B는 없는 것으로 분석 되었다. 결론적으로, 환자의 비강으로부터 분리된 MRSA 분리 배양 균주 중 SCCmec type-II와 mec complex type A 아형이 가장 많이 분포하고 있었으며, 이 결과는 의료기관 획득 MRSA에 관한 다른 연구결과와 유사한 결과를 나타냈다. 이후 환자의 비강으로부터 분리 배양된 not-typeable 아형의 MRSA 균주를 대상으로 국내에서 발견되는 새로운 MRSA 아형 규명에 관한 추가 연구가 필요할 뿐만 아니라, MRSA 분리 배양 균주의 아형을 분석함으로써 그 분자적 특성을 분석한 결과를 바탕으로 병원 감염관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공할 수 것으로 사료된다.

Suppression of lung inflammation by the methanol extract of <i>Spilanthes acmella</i> Murray is related to differential regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2

Kim, Kyun Ha,Kim, Eun Jung,Kwun, Min Jung,Lee, Ji Yeon,Bach, Tran The,Eum, Sang Mi,Choi, Jun Yong,Cho, Sayeon,Kim, Sang-Jun,Jeong, Seung-Il,Joo, Myungsoo Elsevier 2018 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.217 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P>Although <I>Spilanthes acmella</I> has been used to relieve inflammation, fever, pain, or infection in traditional Asian medicine, experimental evidence supporting these functions is scarce. Here, we examined an anti-inflammatory function and a possible underlying mechanism of <I>S. acmella</I> Murray (SAM).</P> <P><B>Materials and method</B></P> <P>The methanol extract of SAM was fingerprinted by HPLC. C57BL/6 mice were administered with a single intratracheal (i.t.) LPS and 2 h later with a single i.t. SAM. The effect of SAM on lung inflammation was assessed by histology, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and MPO assay of lung tissue. The effects of SAM on a pro-inflammatory factor NF-κB and an anti-inflammatory factor Nrf2 were analyzed by immunoblotting of nuclear proteins and by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA of the genes governed by these transcription factors. V5-Nrf2 was precipitated by an anti-V5 antibody and the ubiquitinated V5-Nrf2 was revealed by immunoblotting of HA-tagged ubiquitin.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The i.t. SAM robustly diminished a neutrophilic lung inflammation induced by i.t. LPS treatment of mice. In RAW 264.7 cells, SAM suppressed the nuclear localization of NF-κB and the expression of NF-κB-dependent cytokine genes. SAM increased the level of Nrf2 in the nucleus and the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes while suppressing ubiquitination of Nrf2.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Our results suggest that SAM can suppress a neutrophilic inflammation in mouse lungs, which is associated with suppressed NF-κB and activated Nrf2. Our results provide experimental evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory function of <I>S. acmella</I>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

가상공간의 가공 공정과 상태 구현에 관한 연구

이수훈,김봉석,홍민성,김종민,JUN NI,박상호,송준엽,이창우,하태호 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

This paper presents virtual machining system in order to realize turning process in virtual space. A reliable virtual turning process simulation was developed based on the surface shaping system which is capable of considering geometric model, thermal error model, and vibration model. Accuracy of surface shape resulting from proposed machining simulator was verified experimentally. This paper also developed the watchdog agent that continuously assessed, diagnosed, and predicted performance of products and machines in machining. The Watchdog agent extracted feature signal using time-frequency analysis among various signals from multi-sensor and evaluated machining condition using performance confidence value.