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Circulating miR-221 and miR-222 as Potential Biomarkers for Screening of Breast Cancer
Jungho Kim,Sehee Oh,Sunyoung Park,Sungwoo Ahn,Yeonim Choi,Geehyuk Kim,Seung Il Kim,Hyeyoung Lee 대한의생명과학회 2019 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.25 No.2
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women with approximately 522,000 deaths annually worldwide. microRNAs have recently been studied as potential biomarkers that regulate gene expression and are involved in tumorigenesis. Here we evaluated circulating miR-221 and miR-222 as potential biomarkers for breast cancer by quantitative reverse transcription PCR using blood plasma of 30 healthy controls and 30 breast cancer patients. The TNM stage on circulating miR-221 and miR-222 was also investigated. Circulating miR-221 and miR-222 were significantly up-regulated in breast cancer patients compared to those in healthy controls (P < 0.0022 and P = 0.0058, respectively). Furthermore, the relative expression level of circulating miR-221 in patients with stage III breast cancer was higher than in those with stage I and II. Taken together, we have shown circulating miR-221 and miR-222 could be useful biomarkers for the screening of breast cancer patients.
Kim, Dong Uk,Kim, Hee Jung,Jeong, Yu Seok,Na, Han Beur,Cha, Young-Lok,Koo, Bon-Cheol,Kim, Jungho,Yun, Han Dae,Lee, Jung-Kul,Kim, Hoon The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.1
The possibility of using additive enzymes to improve the saccharification of lignocellulosic substrates with commercial cellulolytic enzymes was studied. Reed (Phragmites communis) and rice (Oryza sativa) straw powders were pretreated with NaOH/steam via a high-temperature explosion system. The saccharification of untreated reed and rice straw powders by commercial enzymes (Celluclast 1.5 L + Novozym 188) was not significantly increased by the addition of xylanases (Xyn10J, XynX), a cellulase (Cel6H), and a ${\beta}$-1,3-1,4-glucanase (BGlc8H) with broad substrate specificity. The saccharification of the pretreated reed and rice straw powders by the commercial enzymes was increased by 10.4 and 4.8 %, respectively, by the addition of BGlc8H. In the presence of $Ca^{2+}$ and BGlc8H, the saccharification of the pretreated reed and rice straw powders by the commercial enzymes was increased by 18.5 and 11.7 %, respectively. No such effect of $Ca^{2+}$ was observed with Xyn10J, XynX, or Cel6H. The results suggest that the enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to reducing sugars could be enhanced by certain additive enzymes such as ${\beta}$-1,3-1,4-glucanase, and that the enhancement could further be increased by $Ca^{2+}$.
Jungho Kim,Young-Hwa Kim,KwangSeok Kim,Wonsik Yu,SeongHwan Cho IEEE 2015 IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Expr Vol. No.
<P>In this brief, an energy-efficient time-to-digital converter (TDC) using a hybrid of time- and voltage-domain circuits is presented. The proposed TDC operates in two steps, i.e., first in the time domain by using a delay-line TDC and then in the voltage domain by using a successive-approximation-register analog-to-digital converter. The time residue of the first stage is converted to voltage by using a switch-based time-to-voltage converter (TVC) that eliminates the need for a current source with large output impedance. To improve the linearity of the proposed TVC, pseudodifferential time-domain signaling is presented. A prototype chip fabricated in the 65-nm CMOS achieves 630 fs of time resolution at 120 megasamples/s while consuming 3.7 mW from a 1.2-V supply. The figure of merit is 244 fJ/conversion-step, which is the best among the recently published high-speed TDCs.</P>
Kim, Sol,Lee, Jungwoon,Kim, Ja Young,Lim, Bobae,Shin, Eung-Kyun,Han, Yong-Mahn,Kim, Sung-Su,Song, Jin-Ho,Kim, Jungho Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.124 No.10
<P>The EWS-Oct-4 protein is a chimeric molecule in which the amino terminal domain (NTD) of the EWS becomes fused to the carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of the Oct-4 transcription factor. It was identified in human bone and soft-tissue tumors associated with t(6;22)(p21;q12). Using in vitro and in vivo systems, we found that the EWS-Oct-4 protein self-associates. The major domains required for self-association mapped to the EWS NTD (amino acids 70–163) and the POU DNA-binding domain. EWS-Oct-4 protein also associated with EWS-Oct-4 (V351P), which contains a mutation in the POU DNA-binding domain. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we found that the EWS-Oct-4 (V351P) mutant interfered with wild-type EWS-Oct-4 DNA-binding activity. In addition, we found that EWS-Oct-4-mediated transcriptional activation was inhibited by EWS-Oct-4 (V351P) protein in vivo. Thus, this mutation in the POU DNA-binding domain results in a dominant negative protein. These findings suggest that the biological functions of the EWS-Oct-4 oncogene can be modulated by the dominant negative mutant EWS-Oct-4 (V351P). © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Kim, Nam Hoon,Hwang, Wooseup,Baek, Kangkyun,Rohman, Md. Rumum,Kim, Jeehong,Kim, Hyun Woo,Mun, Jungho,Lee, So Young,Yun, Gyeongwon,Murray, James,Ha, Ji Won,Rho, Junsuk,Moskovits, Martin,Kim, Kimoon American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.13
<P>Single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers new opportunities for exploring the complex chemical and biological processes that cannot be easily probed using ensemble techniques. However, the ability to place the single molecule of interest reliably within a hot spot, to enable its analysis at the single-molecule level, remains challenging. Here we describe a novel strategy for locating and securing a single target analyte in a SERS hot spot at a plasmonic nanojunction. The “smart” hot spot was generated by employing a thiol-functionalized cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) as a molecular spacer linking a silver nanoparticle to a metal substrate. This approach also permits one to study molecules chemically reluctant to enter the hot spot, by conjugating them to a moiety, such as spermine, that has a high affinity for CB[6]. The hot spot can accommodate at most a few, and often only a single, analyte molecule. Bianalyte experiments revealed that one can reproducibly treat the SERS substrate such that 96% of the hot spots contain a single analyte molecule. Furthermore, by utilizing a series of molecules each consisting of spermine bound to perylene bisimide, a bright SERS molecule, with polymethylene linkers of varying lengths, the SERS intensity as a function of distance from the center of the hot spot could be measured. The SERS enhancement was found to decrease as 1 over the square of the distance from the center of the hot spot, and the single-molecule SERS cross sections were found to increase with AgNP diameter.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Kim, Jonggi,Yun, Myoung Hee,Kim, Gi-Hwan,Lee, Jungho,Lee, Sang Myeon,Ko, Seo-Jin,Kim, Yiho,Dutta, Gitish K.,Moon, Mijin,Park, Song Yi,Kim, Dong Suk,Kim, Jin Young,Yang, Changduk American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.10
<P>The introduction of fluorine (F) atoms onto conjugated polymer backbone has verified to be an effective way to enhance the overall performance of polymer-based bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, but the underlying working principles are not yet fully uncovered. As our attempt to further understand the impact of F, herein we have reported two novel fluorinated analogues of PCDTBT, namely, <B>PCDTFBT</B> (1F) and <B>PCDT2FBT</B> (2F), through inclusion of either one or two F atoms into the benzothiadiazole (BT) unit of the polymer backbone and the characterization of their physical properties, especially their performance in solar cells. Together with a profound effect of fluorination on the optical property, nature of charge transport, and molecular organization, F atoms are effective in lowering both the HOMO and LUMO levels of the polymers without a large change in the energy bandgaps. <B>PCDTFBT</B>-based BHJ solar cell shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.96 % with high open-circuit voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB>) of 0.95 V, mainly due to the deep HOMO level (−5.54 eV). To the best of our knowledge, the resulting <I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB> is comparable to the record <I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB> values in single junction devices. Furthermore, to our delight, the best <B>PCDTFBT</B>-based device, prepared using 2 % v/v diphenyl ether (DPE) additive, reaches the PCE of 4.29 %. On the other hand, doubly-fluorinated polymer <B>PCDT2FBT</B> shows the only moderate PCE of 2.07 % with a decrease in <I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB> (0.88 V), in spite of the further lowering of the HOMO level (−5.67 eV) with raising the number of F atoms. Thus, our results highlight that an improvement in efficiency by tuning the energy levels of the polymers by means of molecular design can be expected only if their truly optimized morphologies with fullerene in BHJ systems are materialized.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-10/am500891z/production/images/medium/am-2014-00891z_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am500891z'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>