하조대(강원도 양양군)의 거미상

김주필(Joo Pil Kim),예용택(Yong Taek Ye),신정애(Jeong Ae Sin),예성훈(Seong Hun Ye),성민규(Min Kyu Seong),이정준(Jeong Jun Lee),채준호(Jun Ho Chae) 한국거미연구소 2016 한국거미 Vol.32 No.1

2014년 10월 2일부터 4일까지 강원도 양양군 하조대 일대를 한국거미연구회 회원(김주필, 예용택, 신정애, 예성훈, 성민규, 이정준, 채준호)들이 조사 연구한 결과 11과 18속 20종이 채집되었기에 이에 보고하는 바이다. The authors investigated the spiders of the Hajodae beach (Gangwon-Do, Yangyang-Gun). In the present paper 20 species of 18 genera belong to 11 families were identified. These specimens are deposited at the Joo-Pil Spider Museum, Namyangju-Si, Gyeonggi-Do.

한국인에서 NOTCH4 유전자 내 두 개의 단일염기다형성과 정신분열병의 연합연구

주은정,정성훈,김미재,구영진,배승오,안용민,이규영,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : Previous studies on N0TCH4 gene and schizophrenia have not produced consistent results, and more studies with various ethnicities and populations were warranted. This study was performed with Korean population to find the role of the N0TCH4 gene in the development of schizophrenia. Methods : 235 schizophrenics and 236 normal controls participated in the study. Two SNPs (-1725 A/G and -25 T/C) on the N0TCH4 gene were investigated. Genotyping was done by Taqman assay, and statistical analysis was done by contingency chi-square test for the allele and genotype frequencies and PowerMarker V3.0 for the haplotype. Results : The two SNPs did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in neither schizophrenics or normal controls. Two groups were not different in terms of allele and genotype distribution for both SNPs. Two SNPs were found to be in linkage disequilibrium. Haplotype analysis could not find an association between schizophrenia and these two SNPs. There was no association between the age at onset and the genotypes for both SNPs. Conclusion : We could not find any significant association between schizophrenia and the N0TCH4 gene in this Korean population. Although there are limitations in this study, this result supports the conclusion that the N0TCH4 gene is less likely to play a major role on the development of schizophrenia in the Asian population.

매실음료 섭취에 따른 혈액화학적 변화 연구

주동엽,정용준,민범일 東新大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

This study was designed to investigate the effect of natural water and maesil drink, Korean traditional drink, after exercise of maximum of gradual load before 20 minute on the treadmill training. I surveyed 6 mail basketball players of university in order to inverstigate the effects on the exercise spot and analysed the relations of blood variations before and after exercise of maximum of gradual load with a treadmill, and 3 minutes, 5minutes, 10minutes after each recovery step. The results were as follows. 1. Total-Cholesterol, Albumin, Triglyceride, Heart Rate were significant difference in the effects of the two drink at the each group and measuring time(P<.05). 2. Glucose, Total-Protein were no difference in the two group, but measuring time were significant difference(P<.05).

해양미생물로부터 카로테노이드 색소의 생산을 위한 최적조건

정영기,박정욱,주우홍,류병호,정명주,김태수 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The optimal medium composition for the production of carotenoid pigment from Haloarcular sp. EH-1 as a dietary for fishes were 1.0% sucrose, 1.0% yeast extract, 25% sodium chloride, 0.3% sodium citrate, 0.2% potassium chloride, 2.0% magnesium sulphate, 0.002% ferric sulphate(pH7.0). The incubation temperate, aeration rate and agitation speed were 40℃, 100ml medium/500ml vol. shaking flask, and 180 rpm/min. The carotenoid pigment production was highest after 5 days of incubation with the light.

플라즈마 표면복합처리한 구상흑연주철의 열피로 특성

정봉용,주대헌,박주승,김명호 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.9

This paper reports an investigation of the characteristics of plasma duplex treated ductile cast irons during thermal fatigue tests on a thermal cycling rig. The thermal fatigue cracking behaviors and microstructure of untreated and plasma surface treated ductile cast irons have been investigated. Both ferrite and pearlite matrix ductile cast irons were evaluated. During the tests, 60 mm long cylinders with 20 mm diameter were subjected to 1,000 high frequency induction heating and water cooling cycles, lasting 7 and 5 sec, respectively. The thermal fatigue damage was evaluated by analyzing different crack dimensions and distribution by light microscopy. The results showed that the plasma surface treatment increased thermal fatigue cracking resistance. When thermal fatigue cracking occurs, the cracks always initiate at the surface of the specimen. The major path of crack propagation is generally along the ferrite grain boundaries. The hardened layer had an effect on the thermal fatigue property. In addition, the ductile cast iron with an pearlite matrix has a better resistance to thermal fatigue than that of ferrite matrix.

Bacillus sp. YJ-63이 생산하는 항곰팡이 항생물질의 구조분석

정영기,신영준,정명주,주우홍,최재수 Institute of Genetic Engineering Changwon National 2002 Gene and Protein Vol.6 No.-

토양으로부터 분리한 Bacillus sp. YJ-63으로부터 항진균성 항생물질을 분리하여 그 구조를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 항생물질은 7개의 α-amino acid와 1개의 β-amino acid가 결합한 환상구조를 가지는 iturin E 계에 속하며 특히, β-amino acid의 methylene 수가 기존의 iturin E 보다 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. Structural analysis was performed by the ^1H-NMR, ^13C-NMR, amino acid composition analysis and FAB-mass. The instrumental analysis represented that the potential antifungal antibiotic belonged to the iturin E group antibiotic, consisting of 7 α-amino acid residues and a collection of β-amino acid with aliphatic side chain. Compared to the iturin E group, notably, the potent antifungal antibiotic from bacillus sp. YJ-63 carried longer β-amino acid side chain. In conclusion, these findings identified a potential antibiotic, which contained a stable cyclopeptide structure with long β-amino acid side chain.

정신분열병 환자의 주관적 증상과 객관적 정신병리와의 관련성

주연호,김용식,정성훈,신민섭,이창인 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 주관적 증상평가도구인 K-FBF(Kyung Hee-Frankfurter Beschwerde-Fragebogen)가 정신분열병 환자의 어떤 증상 영역을 반영하는지, 특히 정신분열병의 병태생리와 밀접한 관련을 가지며 객관적 평가도구로는 파악이 어려운 음성 증상 또는 인지 장애의 측면들을 반영하는지 조사하고자, 정신분열병 환자의 K-FBF 결과를 객관적 정신병리 평가도구인 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia), 대표적인 자기보고식 다차원 증상목록(multidimensional self-report symptom inventory)인 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R)의 평가 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 방 법 : 고졸이상의 학력으로 DSM-IV진단기준에 의한 정신분열병 환자 중 급성기가 경과한 66명을 대사으로 연구를 수행하였다. K-FBF, SCL-90-R을 시행한 날, 두 명의 정신과 의사가 PANSS를 수행하였다. K-FBF의 질문항목에 대한 반응양상을 조사하고, 10개 소척도에 대하여 요인분석을 시행하였다. K-FBF와 연령, 성별, 병식과의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 또한, K-FBF, PANSS, SCL-90-R제반 척도간에 상관관계 분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 : K-FBF는 높은 연령일수록 호소하는 항목의 수나 그 정도가 감소하였으며, 유병기간을 조절변수로 삼았을 때도 동일한 결과를 보였다. K-FBF의 소척도를 요인분석하여 두개의 합산척도를 추출, 각각 자각된 고통(RD, Recognized Distress)과 지각왜곡(PA, Perceptual Alteration)으로 명명하였다. 위의 합산척도와 PANSS의 상관관계에서, K-FBF 표준화 총점을 조절변수로 하여 편상관을 조사한 결과 PA척도와 PANSS 음성척도가 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 Huber의 기본증상이란 정신분열병의 음성증상을 주관적 측면에서 접근한 것이라는 평가와 관련된다. 한편, K-FBF표준화 총점과 SCL-90-R총점은 강한 상관관계를 나타낸 반면, SCL-90-R총점과 PANSS총점은 비록 통계적으로는 유의하지만 매우 미미한 상관관계만을 보였다. 따라서 평가척도의 상관성은 그 내용보다는 평가하는 주체에 더 큰 영향을 받는다고 판단되었다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과 K-FBF로 측정된 Huber의 기본증상은 정신분열병의 음성증상을 보다 더 반영하는 것으로 평가되었으며, 또 객관적 평가도구인 PANSS보다는 자기보고형 도구인 SCL-90-R과 더 높은 상관관계를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 본 연구결과의 일반화를 위해서는 다른 질병단계, 다른 인구학적 변인을 가진 환자들을 대상으로 한 연구가 계속되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : Kyung Hee-Frankfurter Beschwerde-Fragebogen(K-FBF) is a representative subjective symptom measuring tool of schizophrenic patients. We performed psychopathology measurements using K-FBF, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised(SCL-90-R) in patients with schizophrenia and then compared the results of these three examinations one another, in order to examine which psychopathologic aspects K-FBF might reflect and to measure the possibility whether this instrument reflect the negative symptoms or cognitive impairments, which are difficult to measure by conventional objective instruments measuring psychopathology. Methods : All 66 patients satisfying DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia, were approached. Their education level was more than high school and they were not in the acute stage of schizophrenia. They performed K-FBF and SCL-90-R, and at the same day, they were interviewed by one of both psychiatrists using PANSS. We examined the patterns of K-FBF response and performed facor analysis about 10 subscales. We examined the correlation between K-FBF and age, sex and insight. Also, we performed correlation analysis among the K-FBF, PANSS and SCL-90-R. Results : As for K-FBF, with increasing age, the number of positive response items and the symptom severity were decreased. Even when controlling prevalence period as control variable, the correlation remained unchanged. Performing factor analysis to the K-FBF subscales, we created 2 factors, ie summation subscales. We named those recognized distress(RD) and perceptual alteration(PA) each. Using K-FBF standardized total scores as controlling variable, we performed partial correlation between PA and PANSS negative symptom scale. The result was PA and PANSS have statistically significant correlation. This correspons with the view that Huber's basic symptoms are reflecting subjective approach of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. While K-FBF standardized total scores and PANSS total scores had statistically strong correlations, SCL-90-R total scores and PANSS total scores had statistically significant, but very mild correlations. So, we had the judgement that the correlations among the psychopathology measurement tools are more influenced by the rater than the contents of tools. Conclusion : We concluded that Huber's basic symptoms, measured by K-FBF, reflect more negative symptoms of schizophrenia than other symptoms. And K-FBF has more correlation with the PANSS, objective psychopathology. Measuring tool, than the SCL-90-R, self-report quetionnaire. But, more studies using patients with another disease stages and another demographic variables are needed in order to generalize the results of this study.

Chlorpromazine이 백서 해마에서 전기경련 충격에 의한 MAPK 타이로신 인산화에 미치는 영향

주연호,정성훈,전송희,강웅구,김용식,김상욱,박주배 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.2

Object : In order to examine the interaction mechanisms of electroconvulsive shock(ECS) and antipsychotic drug at the level of molecular biology, we observed the effect of chlorpromazine pre-treatment on the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) induced by electroconvulsive shock(ECS) in rat hippocampus Method : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups. To the experimental group chlorpromazine(20㎎/㎏) was given intraperitoneally, and to the control distilled water was given instead. Thirty minutes later, ECS was given and the hippocampus was dissected out 2 minutes thereafter. Immunoblotting with antiphosphotyrosine antibody was carried out, and the signal intensity at 42kDa band was quantitized using densitometer. The obtained result was compared by student t-test between the experimental and the control group. The absolute amount of MAPK was measured by immunoblotting with anti-MAPK antibody. Result : The tyrosine phosphorylation of MAPK reached peak at 2 minutes after ECS. However, in the chlorpromazine pre-treated group, the peak level of MAPK tyrosine phosphorylation was significantly attenuated(t=-3.12, df=14, p=0.008) compared to the control. In contrast to this, the absolute amount of MAPK did not differ between the pretreated and the control group. Conclusion : Chlorpromazine attenuated the tyrosine phosphorylation of MAPK by ECS. This finding seems to be related to the fact that chlorpromazine pre-treatment changed the cfos expression by ECS in rat brain. Antipsychotic drug and ECS might interact at the level of MAPK signal transduction system, and this might explained the observed synergistic effect of two treatment modality.

정신질환의 유전학적 연구 : 정량적 유전학의 기본 개념과 방법론

주은정,김용식 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.2

정신질환에 유전적 요인이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 정신질환에 관여하는 유전자를 규명하기 위해서는 정량적 유전학의 연구결과를 토대로 한 분자유전학적 연구들이 시행되어 질병에 관여하는 구체적인 유전적 돌연변이를 밝혀내는 것이 필요하다. 정량적 유전학은 유전 역학적 연구, 연관연구, 연합연구등의 분야로 나누어진다. 쌍생아 연구, 양자연구 및 가계내 재현위험도를 보는 유전 역학적 연구는 관심의 대상이 되는 표현형이 얼마나 유전적인지를 규명해 준다. 정량적 유전 분석은 재결합과 연관 현상에 기초하고 있다. 연관이란 충분히 가까운 거리에 위치하는 두 유전자 부위는 재결합이후에도 분리되지 않는 현상을 의미한다. 유전적으로 타당하게 정의된 표현형 자료 및 중합효소 연쇄반응을 통해 얻은 유전형 자료에 적합한 유전분석 통계기법을 적용하여 분석하는 것이 정량적 유전학 연구의 기본 방법이다. 가계 내에서 전체 염색체중 표현형과 연관을 보이는 염색체 부위를 분석해 내는 방법이 연관연구이며, 질병군 및 대조군을 비교하여 특정 후보유전자에 대한 연관 불균형을 관찰하는 방법이 연합연구이다. 연관연구는 크게 모수적인 방법과 비모수적인 방법으로 분류될 수 있고, 연합연구는 일반 인구집단을 대조군으로 하는 방법과 가족을 대조군으로 하는 방법으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 부모의 유전형을 분석에 도입한 특수한 연합분석방법은 일반인구 집단을 대조군으로 하였을 때 우려되는 인구 층형성 문제를 해결하 고자 제안된 방법들이다. 지금까지의 연구결과 정신질환은 유전적인 요소가 강하나 멘델의 유전법칙을 따르지 않는 복합형질이며 아마도 여러 개의 유전인자가 복합적으로 질병발생에 영향을 미칠 것이라고 추정되고 있다. 복합형질의 난점을 해결하기 위한 동물모델 및 endophenotype의 개발과 이들을 이용한 QTL(quantitative Trait Loci) 연구, 신뢰성 있게 표준화된 대규모의 공동연구를 통해 지금까지 시행되어 온 연구들의 통계적인 한계를 극복하는 것이 향후의 연구방향이 되어야 한다. Quantitative medical genetics including genetic epidemiological studies, linkage studies, and association studies are the basis for molecular genetic studies to find the susceptible genes or responsible mutations for psychiatric disorders. Epidemiological studies on recurrence risk, twin studies and adoption studies have shown that genetic components are contributing for the development of psychiatric disorders. The basic concept of quantitative genetics is recombination and linkage phenomenon. Linkage is that two genetic loci located close enough to each other will not be separated after recombination in meiosis. Linkage analysis and association studies can be accomplished by appropriate genetic analysis methods with genetically well defined phenotype data and genotype data generated by PCR. Linkage analysis are focused on simultaneous transmission of genotype and phenotype in multiplex pedigrees. Linkage analysis could be divided into two categories : parametric and nonparametric methods. Association studies are designed to find linkage disequilibrium between candidate gene and disease phenotype. Family-based association study methods are recommended to exclude possible population stratification of population-based case control studies. In spite of lots of evidence supporting great genetic influence on psychiatric disorders, genetic studies on psychiatric disorders have not been easy. It is probably because psychiatric disorders are composed of complex traits which do not follow Mendelian inheritance and several genes may contribute to only a small proportion of variances in the trait. In order to solve this complexity, animan models and genetically proper endophenotypes should be developed and be applied to QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) analysis. At the same time, statistically powerful sample size should be established through worldwide collaboration to overcome small gene effects of psychiatric disorders.

오원천의 식물플랑크톤 군집에 대한 연구

주현수,김진,박종천,정원석,송현철,이용탁,이우범 國立麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2004 環境硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.-

We carried out a study on phytoplankton community at Owon stream, Jeollabukdo, Korea. The author have examined 83 taxa of the phytoplankton from researched area. These were composed of 5 classes, 11 orders, 21 families, 44 genera, 79 species, and 9 varieties. The composition of occurrence species were as follows: green algae are 48.2%, diatoms are 33.7%, blue green algae are 10.8% and etc(7.3%). Dominant species were Chlamydomonas angulosa, Pandorina morum, Coelastrum microporum, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Staurastrum gracile, Melosira varians, Me. italica, Synedra ulna, Sy. acus, Cocconeis placentula, and Cymbella tumida. The standing crops varied from 1,650cells/ℓ to 47,000cells/ℓ. Phytoplankton density of Owon stream were lower about 8.6 times to a 1,531 times than those of other lakes and rivers in Korea. So, to preserve the water quality in Owon stream we have to manage continuously on the nitrogen and phosphorus.