노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

Risk factors of ocular involvement in children with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex defect

Chae, Jung-Hyun,Lee, Jung-Hun,Kim, Kyo-Ryung,Byeon, Suk-Ho,Lee, Young-Mock,Kang, Hoon-Chul,Lee, Joon-Soo,Kim, Heung-Dong The Korean Pediatric Society 2010 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.53 No.12

Purpose: Mitochondrial dysfunction can present with various symptoms depending on the organ it has affected. This research tried to analyze the ophthalmologic symptoms and ophthalmologic examination (OE) results in patients with mitochondrial disease (MD). Methods: Seventy-four patients diagnosed with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex defect with biochemical enzyme assay were included in the study. They were divided into 2 groups based on the OE results by funduscopy and were analyzed on the basis of their clinical features, biochemical test results, morphological analysis, and neuroimaging findings. Results: Thirty-seven (50%) of the 74 MD patients developed ophthalmologic symptoms. Abnormal findings were observed in 36 (48.6%) patients during an OE, and 16 (21.6%) of them had no ocular symptoms. Significantly higher rates of prematurity, clinical history of epilepsy or frequent apnea events, abnormal light microscopic findings in muscle pathology, diffuse cerebral atrophy in magnetic resonance imaging, and brainstem hyperintensity and lactate peaks in magnetic resonance spectroscopy were noted in the group with abnormal OE results. Conclusion: Although the ophthalmologic symptoms are not very remarkable in MD patients, an OE is required. When the risk factors mentioned above are observed, a more active approach should be taken in the OE because a higher frequency of ocular involvement can be expected.

난치성 간질을 동반한 결절성 경화증의 수술적 치험 3례

정다은(Da Eun Jung),박중채(Jung Chae Park),정희정(Hee Jung Chung),강훈철(Hoon Chul Kang),김흥동(Heung Dong Kim),황용순(Yong Soon Hwang) 대한소아신경학회 2002 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.10 No.2

저자들은 약물치료 또는 케톤식이요법으로 조절되지 않는 난치성 간질을 가진 결절성 경화증 환아에서 간질 수술 후 발작이 없어지고 인지기능과 행동 발달을 보인 3례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Tuberous sclerosis(TS) is a disorder of aberrant neuronal differentiation and prolifera-tion manifesting as multiple central nervous system(CNS) hamartomas. Seizures in pa-tients with TS are often intractable to anticonvulsant therapy. Although TS shows vari-ous lesions including multiple tubers, many patients with well localized epileptic focus to some tubers may have a benefit from epileptic surgery. We experienced three cases who had clinical improvement after epileptic surgery in intractable epilepsy complicated by TS. We report three cases and the brief review of literatures.

효과적인 HLA개체인식을 위한 부분매칭기법

채정민 ( Jeong Min Chae ),정영희 ( Young Hee Jung ),이태민 ( Tae Min Lee ),채지은 ( Ji Eun Chae ),오흥범 ( Heung Bum Oh ),정순영 ( Soon Young Jung ) 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2011 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.2

생의학분야에서 문헌에 표기된 개체를 인식하기 위해 길이우선매칭기법을 빈번히 사용한다. 길이우선매칭기법은 사전을 이용한 개체인식기법으로 좋은 사전만 구축되어 있다면 빠르고 정확하게 개체를 찾아낼 수 있다는 장점을 가진다. 그러나 개체가 나열되고 중복된 단어가 생략될 경우에는 길이우선매칭기법을 이용할 경우 성능이 현저히 떨어지게 된다. 우리는 이러한 인식성능문제를 해결하기 위해 부분매칭기법을 제안한다. 제안된 부분매칭기법은 생략이 발생될 수 있다는 것을 가정하여 다수의 후보개체를 만들어 내고 그 후에 최적화 알고리즘을 통해 다수의 개체후보 중에서 가장 타당해 보이는 개체를 선택한다. 우리는 생의학분야의 개체 중에서 나열되는 경우가 빈번한 HLA 유전자, HLA 항원, HLA 대립유전자 개체들을 대상으로 길이우선매칭기법과 제안된 부분매칭기법의 개체인식성능을 분석하였다. 3종의 HLA 개체들을 인식하기 위해서 먼저 확장사전과 태그기반사전을 구축하였으며, 그 후 구축된 사전을 이용해 길이우선매칭과 부분매칭을 수행하였다. 실험결과에 따르면 길이우선매칭기법은 HLA 항원 개체에서 좋은 성능을 보였으며 부분매칭기법은 생략된 표현이 빈번한 HLA 유전자 개체, HLA 대립유전자 개체에서 좋은 성능을 보였다. 부분매칭기법은 HLA 대립유전자 개체를 대상으로 95.59%의 높은 F-score를 얻었다. In the biomedical domain, the longest matching method is frequently used for recognizing named entity written in the literature. This method uses a dictionary as a resource for named entity recognition. If there exist appropriated dictionary about target domain, the longest matching method has the advantage of being able to recognize the entities of target domain quickly and exactly. However, the longest matching method is difficult to recognize the enumerated named entities, because these entities are frequently expressed as being omitted some words. In order to resolve this problem, we propose the partial matching method using a dictionary. The proposed method makes several candidate entities on the assumption that the ellipses may be included. After that, the method selects the most valid one among candidate entities through the optimization algorithm. We tested the longest and partial matching method about HLA entities: HLA gene, antigen, and allele entities, which are frequently enumerated among biomedical entities. As preparing for named entity recognition, we built two new resource, extended dictionary and tag-based dictionary about HLA entities. And later, we performed the longest and partial matching method using each dictionary. According to our experiment result, the longest matching method was effective in recognizing HLA antigen entities, in which the ellipses are rare, and the partial matching method was effective in recognizing HLA gene and allele entities, in which the ellipses are frequent. Especially, the partial matching method had a high F-score 95.59% about HLA alleles.

Checking Behavioral Compatibility between Objects by Extending the Methods Rule

CHAE, Heung seok,LEE, Joon-Sang,BAE, Jung Ho The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2011 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.94 No.1

<P>Behavioral compatibility between subtypes and supertypes in object-oriented systems is a very important issue to enable the substitution between object types since it supports the extension and evolution of an object oriented system. In other words, the subtype must be guaranteed that it can provide all behaviors(operations) of the supertype for replacing the supertype with the subtype. Invocation consistency checking is one of techniques to verify behavioral compatibility between two object types. The technique confirms weather an object type can accept all sequence of operations of the other object type or not. The classical methods rule checks behavioral compatibility by verifying invocation consistency of two object types. The rule argues that subtypes meet behavioral compatibility with supertypes if the subtypes' preconditions of inherited operations are weakened and postconditions are strengthened. Noting that the classical methods rule is not sufficient for checking behavioral compatibility between objects, we propose an extended methods rule on the basis of the classical methods rule. Based on the proposed extended methods rule, we have implemented a tool, BCCT, to automatically check behavioral compatibility between two objects.</P>

Semantics Based Cohesion and Coupling Metrics for Evaluating Understandability of State Diagrams

Jung Ho Bae,Yeon Ji Jeong,Heung Seok Chae,Chang, Carl K. IEEE 2011 Computer Software and Applications Conference (COM Vol.2011 No.7

<P>State diagrams commonly used for describing dynamic behavior of systems or objects can have various forms that specify the same behavior. Highly understandable state diagrams are important for efficient and clear communication between developers. Measurement of understandability of state diagrams is the first step to obtain highly understandable ones. Unfortunately, there is little research on metrics for evaluating state diagram's understandability. In this paper, we propose cohesion and coupling metrics, named Average Cohesiveness Of States (ACOS) and Average number of Similar States Of States (ASSOS), to evaluate understandability of state diagrams. To validate effectiveness of the metrics, we compared understandability of three state diagrams of different representations but the same behavior for two systems. The experiments showed that ACOS and ASSOS can capture understandability more correctly than existing structure-based metrics.</P>

실리콘 튜브를 이용한 동물세포 배양장치의 산소전달

정흥채,김정회 한국산업미생물학회 1992 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.20 No.4

동물세포 배양기에서 silicone tube를 oxygenator로 이용하여 산소전달 정도를 조사하였다. Silicone tube를 이용할 때 표면통기에 비해 산소전달 상수 k_La는 약 30배 이상 증가하였다. 통기속도와 교반속도가 증가할수록 k_La값도 증가하지만 교반속도가 휠씬 효과적이었고, 물질전달에 관한 무차원 상수 tubing Sherwood number(Sh)와 유체 흐름에 관한 상수 impeller Reynolds number(Re)는 log-log 좌표에서 직선관계가 있었고 기울기는 tube 길이에 관계없이 0.26이었다. Tube 길이는 2m가 적당하였고 impeller는 pitched blade type이 효과적이었다. 5% serum이 첨가된 medium에서는 k_La가 40%로 감소하였다. HepG2를 이용한 실제 동물세포 배양에서는 전형적인 세포농도인 4∼6×10^6 cells/㎖를 얻을 수 있었다. An enhancement of the oxygen transfer rate in a 1ℓ bioreactor for mammalian cell culture by using a silicone rubber tubing as an oxygenator was investigated. When the silicone membrane was used to supply oxygen to the culture broth, the oxygen transfer coefficients (k_La) measured in deionized-distilled water were markedly increased. Effect of surface aeration without the tubing aeration was very low under 1.0 hr^-1 of k_La. The enhancing effects of agitation rates on k_La were much more effective than those of aeration rates. The increase of k_La with increasing tube length was observed as a result of the large surface area for oxygen supply. However, 2m of the tube length was adequate for a 1ℓ vessel. The larger blade type of impeller was effective to enhance the k_La values because of its high mixing intensity. In culture medium supplemented with 5% serum, k_La values were reduced to approximately 40% probably due to the viscosity. We also obtained the normal cell concentration of 5×10^6 cells/㎖ of HepG2 on microcarriers, which could be achieved in a typical bioreactor for animal cell culture.

Cortical and cancellous bone thickness on the anterior region of alveolar bone in Korean: a study of dentate human cadavers

Heung-Joong Kim,Sun-Kyoung Yu,Myoung-Hwa Lee,Hoon-Jae Lee,Hee-Jung Kim,Chae-Heong Chung 대한치과보철학회 2012 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.4 No.3

PURPOSE. The cortical bone thickness on the anterior region is important for achieving implant stability. The purpose of this study was to examine the thickness of the cortical and cancellous bones on the anterior region of the maxilla and mandible. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty-five cadaver heads were used (16 male and 9 female; mean death age, 56.7 years). After the long axis of alveolar process was set up, it was measured in 5 levels starting from 2 mm below the cementoenamel junction (L1) at intervals of 3 mm. All data was analysed statistically by one-way ANOVA at the .05 significance level. RESULTS. The cortical bone thickness according to measurement levels in both the labial and lingual sides increased from L1 to L5, and the lingual side below L3 was significantly thicker than the labial side on the maxilla and mandible. In particular, the labial cortical bone thickness in the maxilla was the thinnest compared to the other regions. The cancellous bone thickness according to measurement levels increased from L1 to L5 on the maxilla, and on the mandible it was the thinnest at the middle level of the root. CONCLUSION. For implant placement on the anterior region, a careful evaluation and full knowledge on the thickness of the cortical and cancellous bone are necessary, therefore, these results may provide an anatomic guideline to clinicians

뇌혈관장애에서 인지유발전위검사의 유용성

정흥채(Heung-Chae Chung),전진숙(Jin-Sook Cheon),이경민(Kyung-Min Lee),정호중(Ho-Joong Jung),오병훈(Byoung-Hoon Oh) 대한노인정신의학회 2001 노인정신의학 Vol.5 No.2

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical applicability of cognitive evoked potentials (CEPs) to identify the cognitive disorder in cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). Methods:The P3 latencies, amplitudes and latency to amplitude ratios (LARs) of CEPs were measured in 25 healthy controls and 35 patients with CVD. The association of CEPs with variables including age, sex, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), CVD types, loci of hemiplegic limbs, duration, education, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were also analyzed. Results:1) The P3 latencies (447.87±113.06 msec) and LARs (65.83±43.25) were prolonged in CVD (p<0.01), while the amplitudes (8.18±2.51 μV) were not changed. 2) The P3 latencies (537.31±101.14 msec) and LARs (94.89±46.44) in CVD with MMSE <24 were prolonged, and the amplitudes (6.45±1.98 μV) were reduced significantly (p<0.01, respectively), as compared with those in CVD with MMSE≥24 (363.39±19.67 msec, 38.40± 8.37 and 9.81±1.76 μV, respectively). 3) The BPRS and IADL in CVD with MMSE<24 were significantly (p<0.01) different from those in CVD with MMSE≥24. 4) On analyzing the association of CEPs with variables in CVD, the P3 latencies were correlated positively with age, BPRS and IADL, while negatively with MMSE and DLFA. The amplitudes were correlated positively with MMSE, while negatively with age, BPRS and IADL. The LARs were correlated positively with age, BPRS and IADL, while negatively with MMSE. 5) On analyzing the association of CEPs with variables in CVD with MMSE≥24, the P3 latencies were correlated positively with age, while negatively with MMSE. The amplitudes and LARs were not correlated with variables. 6) On analyzing the association of CEPs with variables in CVD with MMSE<24, the P3 latencies were correlated positively with BPRS, while negatively with MMSE. The amplitudes were positively correlated with age. The LARs were positively correlated with IADL. Conclusions:The P3 latencies and LARs of cognitive evoked potentials seemed to a useful clinical measures to assess cognitive disorders in CVD.

간장 및 담도 : Lipiodol - I - 131 의 간동맥 주입에 의한 간암치료

최흥재(Heung Jai Choi),문영명(Young Myoung Moon),전재윤(Chae Yoon Chon),이경식(Kyung Sik Lee),김병수(Byung Soo Kim),김병로(Byung Ro Kim),이종태(Jong Tae lee),유형식(Hyung Sik Yoo),서정호(Jung Ho Suh),김동익(Dong Ik Kim),박창윤(chang 대한소화기학회 1986 대한소화기학회지 Vol.18 No.1

N/A An iodized oil such as Ethiodol or Lipiodol was selectively retained in the tumor vessls of the large hepatomas as well as in the small daughter hepatomas for long periods following the intraarterial hepatic injection of such contrast material. The specific aim of the study is to deliver a high internal radiation dose to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in an atempt to control the disease. We were able to replace a small fraction of the stable iodine (I-127) of the 37% iodine in Lipiodol by the I-131 with 100% exchange efficiency. I-131 labeled Lipiodol was injected through the superselected tumor feeding artery under superselection or into the proper hepatic arterial level of patients who have malignant hep- atomas confirmed by aspiration cytology. I-131-Lipiodol was stable in vivo and no significant activity was noted in the thyroid, stomach, blood and urine after the injection. Only small fraction of radioisotope activity was noticed in the both side of lungs. Tumor to normal liver ratio was very high. Therefore, I-131-Lipiodol (or p-32-Lipiodol) will be effective delivering high internal radiation dose to the tumor while delivering small radiation doses to normal tissues. Labeling, tumor dose calculation and preliminary findings will be presented.