자궁내 발육지연이 있는 출생체중 2,500 g 이상인 환아의 주산기 예후에 관한 연구

송태복,조명숙,하진아,윤대석,김철홍,김윤하,최영륜 全南大醫大 2004 전남의대학술지 Vol.40 No.1

천연자원을 이용한 간기능 증진제 개발 연구 : Benzo(a)pyrene에 의해 유도된 간기능 장해에 미치는 천궁 추출액의 영향 The Effect of cnidii Rhizoma on Benzo(a)pyrene Induced Hepatotoxicity

윤수홍,이송애,하헌,박은주,오관현 효성여자대학교 부설 한국환경위생연구소 1993 환경위생연구 Vol.3 No.1

민간에서 주로 사용되는 약용식물들 중 간독성 의 발현 저해 및 간기능 보호 효과가 우수한약물을 찾아 임상적인 약효를 밝혀보고자 하는 실험과정으로 탄소화합물의 불완전 연소및 열분해에 의해 생성되는 간장해 물질인 benzo(a)pyrene으로 유도한 rats의 간독성발현에 미치는 천궁 수침액의 예방 및 치료 효과를 실험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 천궁 수침액의 투여는 B(a)P 투여로 현저하게 증가된 혈청 및 간장의 AST, ALT,LDH, ALP 활성을 유의성 있게 감소시켰다. 2. B(a)P 투여로 증가한 혈청 total cholesterol 및 phospholipid 함량은 천궁 수침액의투여로 감소시킬 수 있었으나 그 효과는 현저하지 않았다. 3. 천궁의 투여는 B(a)P에 의한 간독성 발현을 유의성 있게 감소시켰으며 그 효과는전처리가 후처리에 비해 우수하였다. The present study was undertaken to compare the pharmacologicalactivity of crude Cnidii Rhizoma reported with the clinical uses in the orientalmedicine. Crude Cnidii Rhizoma used for the treatment of anemia, body chill,menstural irregularity and menstural pain as hematic, tonic effector, sedative,adodyne and clear extravasated blood. Therefore we tested the effects of Cnidii Rhizoma water extract on the liver-protective activities in the rats. The results obtained from liver microsomal enz-yme assay, measurement of serum and liver alanine, aspartate aminotransferaseand lipid accumulation indicated that Cnidii Rhizoma extract showed significantliver-protective activies against benzo(a)pyrene poisoning.

Esmolo과 lidocaine의 혼합사용시 기관내 삽관에 따른 혈압과 심박수에 미치는 영향

하정량,손용,김태요,윤재승,송윤강 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1999 圓光醫科學 Vol.15 No.1

Background: Ultrashort acting β-adrenergic antagonist, esmolol and local anesthetics, lidocaine are well known about effects of hemodynamic stabilization to tracheal intubation. But, the effects of these drugs are still controversial. The aim of the present study is to assess whether a combination of both drugs are more effective than either drug alone. Methods: Forty eight patients, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n=12 each): control (Group S), esmolol 1 ㎎/㎏ (Group E), lidocaine 1 ㎎/㎏ (Group L) and esmolol-lidocaine combination (Group M). Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5 ㎎/㎏ intravenously, and then saline, esmolol, lidocaine and combination drug were administered as an intravenous bolus, and immediately followed by succinylcholine 1.5 ㎎/㎏. Tracheal intubation was done 90 seconds after intravenous injection of drugs, respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured before induction and every minute for 5 minutes after tracheal intubation. Results: There was a significant attenuation in systolic, diastolic arterial pressure and heart rates after tracheal intubation in esmolol-lidocaine group compared to other three groups. Conclusions: Combination of esmolol 1 ㎎/㎏ with lidocaine 1 ㎎/㎏ seems to be useful for attenuation of the increases in blood pressure and heart rates compare to either drug alone after tracheal intubation.

천연자원을 이용한 간기능 증진제 개발 연구 : Benzo(a)pyrene에 의해 유도된 간기능 장해에 미치는 천궁 추출액의 영향 The Effect of Cnidii Rhizoma on Benzo(a) Pyrene Induced Hepatotoxicity

尹水弘,이송애,하헌,박은주,오관현 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1993 연구논문집 Vol.46 No.1

The present study was undertaken to compare the pharmacological activity of crude Cnidii Rhizoma reported with the clinical uses in the oriental medicine. Crude Cnidii Rhizoma used for the treatment of anemia, body chill, menstural irregularity and menstural pain as hematic tonic effector, sedative, adodyne and clear extravasated blood. Therefore we tested the effects of Cnidii Rhizoma water extract on the liverprotective activities in the rats. The results obtained form liver microsomal enzyme assay, measurement of serum and liver alanine, aspartate aminotransferase and lipid accumulation indicated that Cnidii Rhizoma extract showed significant liver-protective activities against benzo(a)pyrene poisoning.

과고용한 Zr-Nb 2원계 합금의 미세조직 및 부식특성

임윤수,김하영,송인영,위명용 大田産業大學校 2000 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

Effect of niobium content on the microstructure and corrosion characteristic of hyper-solubility in binary Zr-Nb alloys were studied. The specimens with 0.8 and 1.0 wt.% of niobium were prepared under various annealing temperatures from 300℃ to 800℃ and times from 300 to 5,000 minutes after vacuum arc remelting. The microstructures behavior was observed by a polarized optical microscope. TFM and micro-vickers hardness tester. The recrystallization temperature of the alloys slightly increased with niobium content due to increase of activation energy. The grain growth of the alloys more 0.8 than 1.0 wt.% of niobium occured rapidly. The specimens for corrosion test were prepared by annealing with 590℃ for 2hr to be recrystallized and performed in distilled water at 360℃ using a static mini-autoclave and the corrosion characteristic was measured by weight gains with exposure time. With increasing Nb content from 0.8 to 1.0 wt.% the corrosion resistance in Zr-xNb binary alloys decreased and oxide structure was slowly transformed from tetragonal-ZrO2 to monoclinic-ZrO2.

e-Learning 표준에 기반한 주문형 교육 시스템

홍건호,송하윤 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2003 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.6 No.3

본 논문은 VOD(Video On Demand) 기반 온라인 교육 시스템의 한계점들을 분석하고 이에 대한 대안으로 e-Learning 표준에 기초한 EOD(Education On Demand) 시스템의 디자인과 구현에 대해 기술한다. EOD 시스템은 XML로 표현되는 메타 정보와 컴포넌트 기술을 사용하며 학습 컨텐츠 라이프사이클 전반에 적용되는 저작 도구, 컨텐츠 서버, 학습 정책 시스템 그리고 뷰어로 구성된다. 구성요소간의 모든 정보 교환은 SCORM 표준에 기반한 메타 정보를 통합 관리하여 학습 정책시스템을 통해 개별 학습자에게 맞추어진 학습 지도를 제공 할 수 있다. 이러한 EOD 시스템을 통해 단순한 컨텐츠 제공을 넘어선 발전된 형태의 온라인 교육 시스템에 대해 고찰해 본다. This paper indicates limitations of the existing VOD(Video on Demand)-based on-line education systems and presents the design and implementation of Education on Demand(EOD) system as an alternative. EOD system is based on meta information expressed in XML and component technology. Overall system consists of authoring tool, contents server. learning policy system and contents viewer, which are utilized throughout the learning contents life-cycle. EOD system enables automated contents management using meta information exchange methodology that is conformant to the SCORM mesa data presentation scheme. In addition, integrated management of interaction and feedback information along with the learning policy system provides customized learning guide for each individual learner. With the development of EOD system, this paper discusses about advanced on-line education system which surpasses existing content-providing-only systems.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

An Introduction to Adaptive Simulation Protocol

Song, Ha-Yoon Research Institute for Science & Technology, Hong- 2001 Hongik Journal of Science and Technology Vol.5 No.-

In this paper, we will discuss a new concept of simulation protocol called adaptive simulation protocol. The adaptive simulation protocol is a simulation protocol which exploit merits of both conservative and optimistic simulation protocol. First, we will discuss theoretical background of adaptive simulation systems. Second, we will discuss criteria of adaptivity of simulation model property. Third, we will talk about the possible applications of adaptive simulation systems. Finally, some of the possible work following will be discussed.

Genetic variation of coreoleuciscus splendidus populations (Teleostei; Cypriniformes) from four major river drainage systems in South Korea as assessed by AFLP markers

Song, Ha-Yoon,Kim, Keun-Yong,Yoon, Moongeun,Nam, Yoon Kwon,Kim, Dong Soo,Bang, In-Chul Springer-Verlag 2010 Genes & Genomics Vol.32 No.3

An Analysis of Correlation between Personality and Visiting Place using Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient

( Ha Yoon Song ),( Seongjin Park ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.5

Recent advancements in mobile device technology have enabled real-time positioning so that mobile patterns of people and favorable locations can be identified and related researches have become plentiful. One of the fields of research is the relationship between the object properties and the favored location to visit. The object properties of a person include personality, which is a major property jobs, income, gender, and age. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the human personality and the preference of the location to visit. We used Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient, one of the many methods that can be used to determine the correlation between two variables. Instead of using actual data values, Spearman‘s Rank correlation coefficient deals with the ranks of the two data sets. In our research, the personality and the location data sets are used. Our personality data is ranked in five ranks and the location data is ranked in 8 ranks. Spearman‘s Rank correlation coefficient showed better results compared to Pearson linear correlation coefficient and Kendall rank correlation coefficient. Using Spearman’s correlation coefficient, the degree of the relationship between the personality and the location preference is found to be 43%.