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김규수,김주희 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.8 No.1
This study is analyze the down swing tempo. variables of body axis, ball speed trajectory, club head speed after impact in kinematic sides by four professional golfers. The followings are the conclusion of this study. 1. The downswing tempo takes 0.219 second on the average and the time is almost the same compared to other researcher's results. 2. There is no differences of body axis changes between the address and impact position. 3. The fastest club head speed just before the impact in down swing shows 43.61m per second and ball speed against slub head just after impact shows 68.65m per second. This means that weight shift adds power to the ball at impact. 4. The two feet and hip bones are parallel to the target line at address position, while shoulder line shows a little 'open' to the target. 5. The right knee flex that maintains same angle from address to top swing throught the back swing indicates the more resistance for a 'coling' motion preventing from 'sway' on the back swing.
Park, Sin-Young,Marasini, Subash,Kim, Geu-Hee,Ku, Taeyun,Choi, Chulhee,Park, Min-Young,Kim, Eun-Hee,Lee, Young-Don,Suh-Kim, Haeyoung,Kim, Sung-Soo The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Science 2014 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.23 No.1
<P>Stroke is one of the common causes of death and disability. Despite extensive efforts in stroke research, therapeutic options for improving the functional recovery remain limited in clinical practice. Experimental stroke models using genetically modified mice could aid in unraveling the complex pathophysiology triggered by ischemic brain injury. Here, we optimized the procedure for generating mouse stroke model using an intraluminal suture in the middle cerebral artery and verified the blockage of blood flow using indocyanine green coupled with near infra-red radiation. The first week after the ischemic injury was critical for survivability. The survival rate of 11% in mice without any treatment but increased to 60% on administering prophylactic antibiotics. During this period, mice showed severe functional impairment but recovered spontaneously starting from the second week onward. Among the various behavioral tests, the pole tests and neurological severity score tests remained reliable up to 4 weeks after ischemia, whereas the rotarod and corner tests became less sensitive for assessing the severity of ischemic injury with time. Further, loss of body weight was also observed for up 4 weeks after ischemia induction. In conclusion, we have developed an improved approach which allows us to investigate the role of the cell death-related genes in the disease progression using genetically modified mice and to evaluate the modes of action of candidate drugs.</P>
Katharine Roque,Kyung-Min Shin,Ji-Hoon Jo,임경동,송은섭,신소정,Ravi Gautam,Jae Hee Lee,김연경,조아랑,김창열,Hyun Ji Kim,Myung Sook Lee,Hyeong-Geu Oh,Byung-Chul Lee,Jung Hee Kim,Hyun Kyu Jeong,김형아,허용,Kwang-Ho Kim 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.3
Indoor animal husbandry environments are inevitably contaminated with endotoxins. Endotoxin exposure is associated with various inflammatory illnesses in animals. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between the degree of endotoxin exposure and the cellular and humoral immune profiles of fattening pigs. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of 47 pigs from ten pig farms in Korea. Whole blood cell counts and plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) classes were determined. Peripheral-blood mononuclear cells were stimulated in vitro with concanavalin A for 48 h, and cytokines released into culture supernatants were measured. The barns in which the pigs lived were assessed for endotoxin levels in the total and respirable dust by using the limulus amebocyte lysate kinetic QCL method. Low and high endotoxin exposures were defined as ≤ 30 and > 30 EU/m3, respectively. Compared to pigs with low endotoxin exposure (n = 19), highly exposed pigs (n = 28) had higher circulating neutrophil and lymphocyte (particularly B cells) counts, IgG and IgE levels, interferon-gamma (IFNg) and interleukin (IL)-4 productions, and lower IgA levels and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) production. The IL-4, IFN, and TNFa levels significantly correlated with endotoxin level and/or pig age. Constant exposure of pigs to high levels of airborne endotoxins can lead to aberrant immune profiles.
김동희,강상욱,박원종,장경애,최준혁,김웅,이상희,홍그루 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2006 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.23 No.2
Glycogen storage diseases are a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorder affecting multiple organ system: liver, skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Clinical features include: short status, hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, dyslipidemia and rare involvement of the myocardium except in the case of type Ⅲ, glycogen storage diseases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in adult, which is extremely rare. We treated a case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with hepatomegaly that was unknown etiology. The patient was diagnosed as having glycogen storage disease. This 46-year old women was transferred with dyspnea on exertion and abnormal LFTs. She was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by echocardiography but there was no specific cause for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A liver biopsy was performed. The result showed glycogen storage disease possible type Ⅲ, Ⅳ or Ⅸ. In conclusion, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of unknown etiology and abnormal LFTs should be evaluated for glycogen storage disease.
Kim, In-Soo,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Shim, Chi-Young,Mun, Hee-Sun,Uhm, Jae Sun,Joung, Boyoung,Hong, Geu-Ru,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,Pak, Hui-Nam Oxford University Press 2015 Europace Vol.17 No.7
<P><B>Aims</B></P><P>Successful rhythm control after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation is known to induce left atrial reverse remodelling and improve left ventricular (LV) function. We explored the clinical factors affecting LV systolic and diastolic function 1-year after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.</P><P><B>Methods and results</B></P><P>We compared pre-procedural and 1-year follow-up echocardiograms in 521 patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent catheter ablation. Left ventricular systolic function was estimated by the ejection fraction (EF); diastolic function was estimated by the ratio of early transmitral flow velocity (<I>E</I>) to early mitral annular velocity (<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB>). (i) Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation significantly reduced left atrium volume index (<I>P</I> < 0.001) and improved LV EF both in patients with recurrent atrial fibrillation (<I>n</I> = 133, <I>P</I> = 0.008) and those without recurrence (<I>n</I> = 388, <I>P</I> < 0.001). (ii) Follow-up EF was significantly improved in patients with baseline <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> < 15 (<I>n</I> = 454, <I>P</I> < 0.001), whereas <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> was significantly reduced in patients with pre-procedural <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> ≥ 15 (<I>n</I> = 67, <I>P</I> = 0.008). (iii) Baseline <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> < 15 (<I>β</I> = −3.854, 95% CI −5.99 to −1.72, <I>P</I> < 0.001), baseline EF <50% (<I>β</I> = 10.586, 95% CI 7.55 to 13.63, <I>P</I> < 0.001), and female (<I>β</I> = −1.726, 95% CI −3.36 to −0.10, <I>P</I> = 0.038) were independently associated with improved EF. Baseline <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> ≥ 15 (<I>β</I> = 4.896, 95% CI 3.45 to 6.34, <I>P</I> < 0.001) and younger age (<I>β</I> = −0.066, 95% CI −0.11 to −0.02, <I>P</I> = 0.003) were independent factors associated with improved <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB>.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Pre-procedural <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> predicted improvement in LV systolic and diastolic functions 1 year after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Low baseline <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> was independently associated with improved EF, while high <I>E</I>/<I>E</I><SUB>m</SUB> predicted improvement in LV diastolic function.</P>
Kim, Ung,Kim, Young Jo,Kang, Sang Wook,Song, In Wook,Jo, Jung Hwan,Lee, Sang Hee,Hong, Geu Ru,Park, Jong Seon,Shin, Dong Gu 영남대학교 의과대학 2007 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.24 No.2
Background : The occurrence of atrial fibrillation after ablation of atrial flutter is clinically important. We investigated variables predicting this evolution in ablated patients without a previous atrial fibrillation history. Materials and Methods : Thirty-six patients (Ma1e=28) who were diagnosed as atrial flutter without previous atrial fibrillation history were enrolled in this study. Group 1 (n=11) was defined as those who developed atrial fibrillation after atrial flutter ablation during 1 year follow-up. Group 2 (n=25) was defined as those who has not occurred atrial fibrillation during same follow-up term. Echocardiogram was performed to all patients. We measured left atrial size, left ventricle end diastolic and systolic dimension, ejection fraction and left atrial volume index before and after ablation of atrial flutter. The differences of each variables were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results : The preablation left ventricular ejection fraction (preLVEF) and postablation left ventricular ejection fraction (postLVEF) are 54±14%, 56±13% in group 1 and 47±16%, 52±13% in group 2. The differences between each two groups are statistically insignificant (2.2±1.5 in group 1 vs 5.4±9.8 in group 2, p=0.53). The preablation left atrial size (preLA) and postablation left atrial size (postLA) are 40±4 mm, 41±4 mm in group1 and 44±8 mm, 41±4 mm in group 2. The atrial sizes of both groups were increased but, the differences of left atrial size between two groups before and after flutter ablation were statistically insignificant (0.6±0.9 mm in group 1 vs -3.8±7.4 mm in group 2, p=0.149). The left atrial volume index before flutter ablation was significantly reduced in group 1 than group 2 (32±10 mm³/m², 35±10 mm³/m² in group 1 and 32±10 mm³/m², 29±8 mm³/m² in group 2, p<0.05). Conclusion : The difference between left atrial volume index before and after atrial flutter ablation is the robust predictor of occurrence of atrial fibrillation after atrial flutter ablation without previous atrial fibrillation.