고관절 전치환술에서 하지 길이의 변화(수술전 예상 측정치와 수술후 실제 측정치 사이의 차이에 대하여)

원중희 ( Choong Hee Won ),장관환 ( Kwan Whan Chang ),신건 ( Geon Shin ),전경철 ( Kyung Chul Jeon ) 대한고관절학회 1994 Hip and Pelvis Vol.6 No.2

We reviewed 40 cases of cementless primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) to see the leg length changes after THA and analysed the factors that could affect the discrepancies of preoperative estimation and postoperative measurement. The cases with severe preoperative leg length discrepancy such as untreated CDH were not included in our series. Inserted femoral components were CLS(Protek) or Omnifit(Osteonics) stems. All the acetabular cups were HG g (Zimmer) cups. Preoperatively the acetabular template was mounted on the film and the center of the acetabular cup was marked with pencil. Femoral template was also mounted on the femoral side and the center of the femoral head was marked. The distaoce between the two centers was a basis for preoperative estimation. Postoperatively the leg length change was measured by the change of the distance from interteardrop line to the greater trochanter tip. Leg length change estimated by preoperative templating was 5mm lengthening in average. Postoperative leg length change was 10mm lengthening in average. The discrepancies of pre and postoperative measurement were attributed to following factors. Standardization of taking the X-ray views was an important factor. Magnification, center of X-ray beam and the accurate position of the hip should be considered in taking preoperative X-rays. Templating technique was another factor. Postoperative acetabular center shifted frequently compared with preoperative estimation. Templating does not always tell accurate postoperative leg length change. To minimize the discrepancy of pre and postoperative measurement above factors should be considered in preoperative estimation.

무증상 갑상선기능저하증 환자에서 Thyroxine 치료에 따른 혈청 지질 및 아포지단백의 변화

조보연,신찬수,김원배,고창순,김성연,박혜영,박건상,이홍규,박형규,김숙경 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.1

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) is a common biochemical abnormality which can be found in routine screening tests of thyroid function. We are increasingly faced with the question of whether its an indication for thyroxine replacement therapy. The effect of thyroxine replacement on lipid profile in SCH has aroused a great interest because of an association of overt hypothyroidism(OVH) with hyperlipidemia and increased risk of coronary artery disease. Method: We prospectively evaluated the changes in lipids and apoproteins before and after thyroxine replacement therapy in 23 patients with SCH and in 37 patients with OVH. We measured serum total cholesterol and triglyceride using autoanalyzer, high density lipoprotein(HDL) chole-sterol by dextran sulfate method, Apo A1 and Apo B by immunonephelometric assay. Results: Thyroxine replacement therapy significantly decreased total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol and apo B levels, but did not affect the level of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol or apo AI in patients with OVH. In SCH, thyroxine replacement therapy with the doses to normalize serum TSH concentrations also decreased significantly the level of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol albeit apo B levels did not change. Moreover, in most of patients with OVH (11 of 12) and in all of patients with SCH(5 of 5) who had had hyperchlesterolemia before treatment, thyroxine replament normalized their cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: In regard to the beneficial changes in blood lipid levels, patients with SCH should be treated, especially in cases who have other risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. If thyroxine replacement only will reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease in SCH remains to be elucidated by long-term prospective studies(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:41-51, 1996).

기후변화 시나리오에 따른 지역별 확률강우량

김영호,여창건,서근순,송재우,Kim. Young-Ho,Yeo. Chang-Geon,Seo. Geun-Soon,Song. Jai-Woo 한국방재학회 2011 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.11 No.3

본 연구는 A1B 기후변화 시나리오를 고려하여 지역별 확률강우량을 산정하고 관측소별 기존 관측자료의 특성을 고려한 적정 방법을 제안하였다. 이를 위하여 우리나라 주요 지점 강우관측소를 연구 대상지점으로 선정하여 선정된 주요 지점 관측소에 대해 24시간 연최대강우량 평균값과 매개변수의 관계를 분석하여 2100년의 빈도별 확률강우량을 산정하였다. 2100년 빈도별 확률강우량은 기상청 실측강우량 자료를 활용하여 산정하는 방법, 확률분포의 매개변수는 실측 강우자료를 활용하고, 2100년까지의 강우자료는 A1B 시나리오를 활용하는 방법, A1B 시나리오를 활용하여 확률강우량을 산정하는 3가지 방법을 적용하였다. A1B 시나리오에 의한 강우 예측값은 실측값 보다 과소 추정되어 이를 활용하는 경우에는 보정이 필요하며, 분위 사상법을 적용하여 보정한 결과 모든 관측소에서 약 2.3~3.0배의 강우량이 평균적으로 상향조정 되었다. 실측강우 자료만으로 산정한 확률 강우량의 경우, 강우량이 지속적으로 증가하여 과대 산정되어 증가하는 경향이 강하며, A1B 시나리오 자료를 활용하여 산정한 확률강우량의 경우 대체적으로 기존 관측자료의 증감율과 유사하게 산정되기는 하지만 지역적 특성을 정확히 반영하지 못하는 경우가 다소 발생하였다. 각 지점별로 24시간 연 최대 강우량 평균 증가율과 방법별로 산정된 확률강우량의 증가율을 비교하여 기후변화를 고려한 관측지점별 확률강우량 산정 방법을 선정하였다. This research proposes the suitable method for estimating the future probable rainfall based in 2100 on the observed rainfall data from main climate observation stations in Korea and the rainfall data from the A1B climate change scenario in the Korea Meteorological Administration. For all those, the frequency probable rainfall in 2100 was estimated by the relationship between average values of 24-hours annual maximum rainfalls and related parameters. Three methods to estimate it were introduced; First one is the regressive analysis method by parameters of probable distribution estimated by observed rainfall data. In the second method, parameters of probable distribution were estimated with the observed rainfall data. Also the rainfall data till 2100 were estimated by the A1B scenario of the Korea Meteorological Administration. Last method was that parameters of probable distribution and probable rainfall were estimated by the A1B scenario of the Korea Meteorological Administration. The estimated probable rainfall by the A1B scenario was smaller than the observed rainfall data, so it is required that the estimated probable rainfall was calibrated by the quantile mapping method. After that calibration, estimated probable rainfall data was averagely became approximate 2.3 to 3.0 times. When future probable rainfall was the estimated by only observed rainfall, estimated probable rainfall was overestimated. When future probable rainfall was estimated by the A1B scenario, although it was estimated by similar pattern with observed rainfall data, it frequently does not consider the regional characteristics. Comparing with average increased rate of 24-hours annual maximum rainfall and increased rate of probable rainfall estimated by three methods, optimal method of estimated future probable rainfall would be selected for considering climate change.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Historical Overview, Technical Developments, and Clinical Applications

Jahng, Geon-Ho,Park, Soonchan,Ryu, Chang-Woo,Cho, Zang-Hee Korean Society of Medical Physics 2020 의학물리 Vol.31 No.3

The authors congratulate the cerebrations for the 30 years of the Korean Society of Medical Physics (http://www.ksmp.or.kr/). The paper is published to recognize the anniversary. Geon-Ho Jahng invited Professor Z. H. Cho to join to submit this manuscript because he has been one of the leaders in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the last 40 years. In this review, we describe the development and clinical histories of MRI internationally and domestically. We also discuss diffusion and perfusion MRI, molecular imaging using MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS), and the hybrid systems, such as positron emission tomography-MRI (PET-MRI), MR-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS), and MRI-guided linear accelerators (MRI-LINACs). In each part, we discuss the historical evolution of the developments, technical developments, and clinical applications.

冷凍鷄肉의 品質變化에 關한 硏究 : III. 凍結冷藏時 細菌數의 變化

金建培,張壽賢 군산대학교 1983 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.3

This study was intended to investigate the changes of general bacteria, psychrotropic bacteria and coliform group for revealing the variation of quality in frozen chickens. Beforehand the chickens were classified frozen for 60 days in 4 groups, that is, controlled group(T1), packaged group(T2), glazed group(T3) and cured group(T4). And then these samples were thawed and used for this study. Bacterial counts of general bacteria in group T1 much more rapidly decreased(49.4%) than that in group T4 and the decreasing rate was significantly high at 30 days afterward. Decreasing rate in cells of psychrotropic bacteria showed minimum in group T1 (49.9%) and maximum in group T4 (77%). Similarly decreasing rate in coliform group counts were higher in group T4 (82%) and lower in group T1 (62%) compared to that in any other group and particularly decreased at 15 days afterward.

Diagnostic Distribution of Psychiatric Disorders among Korean Young Adults

Ram Hwangbo,Hyejung Chang,Geon Ho Bahn 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2020 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.31 No.2

Objectives: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among young adults is different from that among younger or older age groups because of biological and environmental changes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic distribution of psychiatric disorders in 19–30-year-old Koreans based on their age and gender using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Methods: From the 2011 medical claims sample data of NHIS of 1,375,842 people, we extracted the data of 221,038 people aged 19–30 years, including 106,232 (48.1%) men and 114,806 (51.9%) women. We evaluated the overall changes in the diagnostic distribution of psychiatric disorders over a 3-year period. Results: The diagnostic frequency in women was 13,627 (59.0%), which was significantly higher than that in men. “Other anxiety disorders” was the most common psychiatric disorder in both genders, followed by depressive episodes, somatoform disorders, “other neurotic disorders,” and nonorganic sleep disorders. In men, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or intellectual disabilities were not among the top 10 disorders. In women, no significant changes in major psychiatric disorders were seen over the 3-year period. Conclusion: These results reveal the trends of diagnostic distribution of mental illnesses depending on the development, particularly in young adulthood. It is necessary to identify whether such trends are due to biological or environmental factors, aging processes, or complex influences.

정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애에 대한 올란자핀의 효과와 안전성

안용민,강대엽,권준수,김창윤,김철응,반건호,신영민,이기철,이동우,이중서,조현상,채정호,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 본 다기관 공동임상연구는 국내 환자를 대상으로 새로운 항정신병약물인 올라자핀의 치료 효과와 안전성을 확인하고자 시행되었다. 방 법 : 1999년 7월부터 2000년 3월까지 국내 10개 병원에 방문한 정신분열병 및 정신분열형 장애 105명을 대상으로 비대조 개방 임상연구를 시행하였다. 중등도 이상의 정신병 증상을 지니거나, 부작용으로 약물교체가 필요한 경우 또는 기분장애 증상의 치료가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 2∼7일간의 약물 배설기간 후에 1일 10mg의 올란자핀을 투여하였고, 이후로 3∼7일 간격으로 용량을 조절하여 총 8주간 투여하였다. 치료 효과는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression-Severity), MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety)로 판정하였다. 안전성 평가는 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 활력징후와 혈액 검사 및 SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale), BARS(Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale), AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale)척도를 이용하였다. 결 과 : 105명중에서 85.7%인 90명이 8주간의 치료를 완료하였다. 평균 최빈 용량은 일일 16.1(±4.7)mg이었고, 종료시점에서의 BPRS전체 점수가 기저 상태에 비해 40%이상 감소된 반응군은 69.5%이었다. PANSS의 양성 증후군과 일반정신병리 뿐만 아니라 음성 증후군 소척도에서도 유의한 감소를 보였으며, 이 감소들은 치료 초기부터 나타나서 8주간 지속되었다. 43.8%의 피험자가 중등도 이상의 우울증상을 같이 지니고 있었으며, 올란자핀에 의해 MADRS와 HAM-A가 유의하게 감소하였다. 치료 기간 동안에 활력징후에는 뚜렷한 변화가 없었으나 체중은 8주간 지속적으로 증가하였다. SAS와 AIMS는 감소하였으며, 정좌불능증을 제외한 나머지 추체외로 증상의 발생비율도 낮았다. 임상적인 증상이나 징후를 동반하지 않는 ALT/SGPT의 상승을 보였지만 프로락틴을 포함하는 대부분의 혈액 검사상 뚜렷한 이상 변화는 없었다. 결 론 ; 비록 본 임상연구가 비대조 개방 임상연구로서 많은 제한점을 가지고 있지만, 올란자핀이 기존 약물에 내약성을 보이거나 기분증상을 동반하는 정신병에 치료 효과가 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물 치료시에 문제가 되었던 추체외로 증상과 고프르로락틴 혈증을 포함하는 대부분의 부작용면에서 안전성을 보여 주었다. Objective : This multicenter clinical trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy and the safety of olanzpine for the treatment of Korean patients. Mothod : 105 patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, visited at 10 mental or university hospitals, had received an open and non-comparative treatment with olanzapine for 8 weeks. Patients had psychotic or depressive symptoms with the severity above moderate degree or intolerable side effects to previous antipsychotics. After a wash-out period of 2-7 days, 10mg olanzapine was prescribed initially to all the patients, and then the dosage could be adjusted within the range of 5-20mg/day of olanzapine by 3-7 days. Results : 90(85.7%) of 105 patients completed the 8-weeks trial and the mean modal dose of olanzapine was 16.1(±4.7%)mg/day. At the end of the trial, 73 patients(69.5%) were classified as responder, which was defined as 40% or more improvement in BPRS(Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) score comparing to baseline. There was a significant reduction in the scores of PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale)and subscales including negative symptom scores and CGI. Also weekly analysis showed that the reductions in scores were kept on for the whole period of the trial. 43.8% of all the patients had depressive symptoms at the baseline and total scores of MADRS(Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and HAM-A(Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety) were also reduced after the trials. Vital signs revealed no clinically significant changes but continuous weight gain was observed during the treatment with olanzapine. The scores of SAS(Simpson-Angus Scale) and AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale) for assessing the EPS(extrapyramidal symptoms)and tardive dyskinesia respectively were significantly decreased and only a few patients reported EPS as adverse events. Although mild and clinically non-significant of ALT/SGPT was observed, most laboratory parameters including plasma prolactin level showed to significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : Although this trial had many limitations because it was a non-comparative and open study, olanzapine showed high efficacy on the positive, negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder.In addition to that, olanzapine showed a substantially favorable safety profile, such as low incidence of EPS and hyperprolactinemia.

TiO₂광촉매를 이용한 페놀 제거에 관한 연구

박창식,김승건,김민찬,이상백 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2005 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.1

The experimental study on photocatalytic phenol removal was conducted by using TiO_(2) as a photocatalyst and ultraviolet(UV) ray as a light source. The effect of several variables such as the amount of photocatalyst, the wavelength of UV ray and the operation temperature and pH of reaction system on the removal efficiency of phenol was experimentally examined. Up to the concentration of photocatalyst 0.025g/L, the removal efficiency of phenol increased with the concentration of photocatalyst and beyond this concentration the reaction rate was independent of catalyst concentration. The removal of phenol was enhanced as the energy intensity was increased, that is the wavelength became shorter. It seemed that the photocatalytic decomposition of phenol prefers the basic condition and is insensitive to the operation temperature.

성 어거스틴의 "영원한 현재"와 벨로우의『오늘을 포착하라』 : The Analysis of "the Day" from the Viewpoint of Redemptive History 구속사적 시간의 관점에서 본 "오늘"의 의미 분석

임창건 새한영어영문학회 1999 새한영어영문학 Vol.41 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the meaning of "the Day" in Seize the Day from the perspective of the redemptive history in the Bible. To achieve this goal, the Augustinian "eternal present" has been introduced, so that this concept may be compared with the hidden meaning of "the Day". Time consciousness overwhelms the entire work of Seize the Day, which begins with the foreboding that Wilhelm's routine was about to break up and a catastrophe long presaged but until now formless was due, and closes with images of death and resurrection. He is paralyzed by his remembrance of things past and his anxieties about the future. As a result, he is helpless in the here-and-now. Although Wilhelm has many psychological problems, his deep problem is religious: the mystery of his own relationships to himself, to others, and to God. The problems of social success and failure in Seize the Day are the surface reflections of a deeper concern with the ultimate questions. Viewed from the perspective of redemptive history, many episodes in this work reflect the crucial events in Biblical history: the Roxbury as the Garden of Eden, Margaret as Eve, Wilhelm as Adam, New York as the tower of Babel, Dr. Adler as a Pharisee, Olive as Mary, and finally Dr. Tamkin as Christ. The final scene, where Wilhelm is trapped in the crowd and swept into a funeral parlor to encounter the death, echoes the crucifixion of Jesus and later resurrection from the death. In this moment of ultimate revelation, Wilhelm understands the message of Tamkin, "Only the present is real-the here-and-now. Seize the day". The past is no good to Wilhelm because it is obsolete, a chronicle of failure. The future is unreal also, a nightmare of apprehensions. He must live in the "here-and-now", rather than in regret or anxiety. Now at las he achieves what St. Augustine calls "eternal present", which can be obtained only by experiencing spiritual death and resurrection through the union with Jesus on the cross.

Nathaniel Hawthorne의 단편소설과 성인식

임창건 신한영미어문학회 1996 새한영어영문학 Vol.35 No.-

Nathaniel Hawthorne's principal concern was with the crucial conditions of the fall itself and the individual response to it ― the moral growth or personal disaster that followed. He deals with a protagonist who stands on the threshhold of loss of innocence, not in the theological sense, but in a psychological sense in a great number of his best short stories and tales ― “The May-Pole of Merry Mount", “Young Goodman Brown", “Rapaccini's Daughter", “The Birthmark", “The Minister's Black Veil" as well as his last romance, The Marble Faun. The fall of man, freed from theology, becomes an initiation ceremony in Hawthorne's fiction for a universal circumstance ; the profound, psychological complex of experience and knowledge that leads to maturity of mind and heart. The innocence of the recruits to this ceremony is considered not a state of guiltlessness, but rather a state of inexperience and ignorance. Thus Robin in “My Kinsman, Major Molineux", Brown in “Young Goodman Brown", and Edgar in “The May-Pole of Merry Mount" are innocent not by virtue of guiltlessness or “sinlessness", but by virtue of ignorance and inexperience. The initiates' encounter with the evil in Hawthorne's stories can be regarded as the initiation ceremony that can help them to overcome the Edenic features of innocence and inexperience. And they, except Brown who has traveled to the end of a journey from which he can return but never recover, manage to arrive at a maturity through the altruistic love of a woman who is inevitably a link with society. At the final stage of the initiation ceremony, the term of natural innocence leads the initiates to a life of “troubled joy" which means the combination of “trouble" and “joy" of the adult would.