He-Ne 레이저 빔 품질 진단용 고속파면센서 개발

이영철,이재일,강응철,Lee, Young-Cheol,Lee, Jae-Il,Kang, Eung-Cheol 한국군사과학기술학회 2007 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.10 No.4

In this paper, we presented the development results of high speed wavefront sensor which is used in diagnosing the beam quality of He-Ne laser for adaptive optics system. The beam quality information of laser in AO system is necessarily required for diagnosing the optical components or correcting the distorted wavefront afterward. According to system requirements, normally, it is requested that there are high precision of measurement and real time processing speed. The developed wavefront sensor in this paper achieved maximum 30Hz of measurement rate and ${\lambda}/20(\;{@}\;{\lambda}=0.6328{\mu}m)$ of measurement precision in RMS. We also applied the developed into an experimental adaptive system and verified the performance of it by correcting the aberrated wavefront with a rate of 30Hz and $\lambda$/20 precision using the combination of the developed and PID control algorithm.

Evaluation of the Usefulness of the Respiratory Guidance System in the Respiratory Gating Radiation Therapy

이영철,김선명,도경민,박근용,김건오,김영범,Lee, Yeong-Cheol,Kim, Sun-Myung,Do, Gyeong-Min,Park, Geun-Yong,Kim, Gun-Oh,Kim, Young-Bum Korean Society for Radiation Therapy 2012 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.24 No.2

목 적: 호흡동조방사선치료(Respiratory Gating Radiation Therapy, RGRT)에서 호흡의 안정성은 매우 중요한 인자이다. 이러한 호흡의 안정을 위해 본인의 호흡주기를 직접 확인할 수 있도록 시청각시스템을 이용한 호흡유도시스템을 개발하였고 이의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2011년 6월부터 2012년 4월까지 본원에서 호흡동조방사선치료를 받은 7명의 환자를 대상으로 시청각시스템을 이용하지 않는 자유호흡을 먼저 측정하고 자체개발한 호흡유도시스템을 이용한 호흡을 측정하였다. 시청각시스템을 이용한 호흡연습 후에는 치료실내에서의 자가호흡과 시청각시스템을 이용한 호흡을 각각 측정하였다. 측정된 데이터는 호흡주기, 호흡함수의 면적을 구하여 표준편차를 구하였으며, 이를 분석하여 치료전후의 호흡변화를 알아 보았다. 결 과: 자유호흡과 오디오 유도시스템, 시청각 유도시스템의 표준편차는 PTP (peak to peak)가 각각 0.343, 0.148, 0.078이다. 호흡주기는 각각 0.645, 0.345, 0.171이며, 호흡함수의 면적은 각각 2.591, 1.008, 0.877로 나타났다. 전체 환자의 CT실과 치료실에서의 차이를 평균한 값은 PTP가 0.425, 호흡주기가 1.566, 호흡면적이 3.671로 측정되었다. 호흡유도시스템 적용전후의 표준편자는 PTP가 0.265, 호흡주기가 0.474, 호흡면적이 1.714의 차이를 나타내었다. 자유호흡과 시청각유도시스템 적용전후의 값을 T-검정한 결과에서는 PTP, 주기, 호흡함수면적에서 각각 P-value 0.035, 0.009, 0.010의 값을 나타냈다. 결 론: 호흡동조방사선치료에서 호흡조절은 치료의 성패를 좌우할 만큼 중요한 인자이다. 자유호흡이나 청각에 의존한 호흡주기 획득에 비해 시청각 호흡유도 시스템을 이용한 경우에 보다 안정적인 호흡을 얻을 수 있었다. 특히, 치료실에서도 같은 시스템을 이용하여 호흡을 조절함으로써 호흡주기의 재현성이 뛰어났다. 이러한 시스템은 호흡불안정에 의한 치료시간의 지연을 줄이고 좀 더 정확하고 정밀한 치료가 가능하게 되었다. Purpose: The respiration is one of the most important factors in respiratory gating radiation therapy (RGRT). We have developed an unique respiratory guidance system using an audio-visual system in order to support and stabilize individual patient's respiration and evaluated the usefulness of this system. Materials and Methods: Seven patients received the RGRT at our clinic from June 2011 to April 2012. After breathing exercise with the audio-visual system, we measured their spontaneous respiration and their respiration with the audio-visual system respectively. With the measured data, we yielded standard deviations by the superficial contents of respiratory cycles and functions, and analyzed them to examine changes in their breathing before and after the therapy. Results: The PTP (peak to peak) of the standard deviations of the free breathing, the audio guidance system, and the respiratory guidance system were 0.343, 0.148, and 0.078 respectively. The respiratory cycles were 0.645, 0.345, and 0.171 respectively and the superficial contents of the respiratory functions were 2.591, 1.008, and 0.877 respectively. The average values of the differences in the standard deviations among the whole patients at the CT room and therapy room were 0.425 for the PTP, 1.566 for the respiratory cycles, and 3.671 for the respiratory superficial contents. As for the standard deviations before and after the application of the PTP respiratory guidance system, that of the PTP was 0.265, that of the respiratory cycles was 0.474, and that of the respiratory superficial contents. The results of t-test of the values before and after free breathing and the audio-visual guidance system showed that the P-value of the PTP was 0.035, that of the cycles 0.009, and that of the respiratory superficial contents 0.010. Conclusion: The respiratory control could be one of the most important factors in the RGRT which determines the success or failure of a treatment. We were able to get more stable breathing with the audio-visual respiratory guidance system than free breathing or breathing with auditory guidance alone. In particular, the above system was excellent at the reproduction of respiratory cycles in care units. Such a system enables to reduce time due to unstable breathing and to perform more precise and detailed treatment.

고주파 온열암 치료 시 열감감소를 위해 자체 제작한 보상체의 유효성 평가

이영철,김선명,정덕양,김영범,Lee, Yeong Cheol,Kim, Sun Myung,Jeong, Deok Yang,Kim, Young Bum 대한방사선치료학회 2017 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.29 No.2

목 적: 고주파 온열암 치료에 의한 부작용 중에서 가장 주의하여할 것 중의 하나는 피부에 나타날 수 있는 화상이다. 특히 배꼽처럼 요철이 있는 부위에는 환자가 느끼는 열감이 크기 때문에 치료를 중단하는 경우가 발생한다. 이에 배꼽부위의 요철을 상쇄시키기 위한 보상체를 제작하고 온도 및 열감을 감소시키고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 고주파 온열암 치료기(EHY-2000, Oncotherm Kft, Hungary)를 이용하여 본원에서 치료받은 환자를 대상으로 배꼽을 중심으로 4개 부위(배꼽 속, 배꼽 바로 옆, 배꼽아래 5 cm 지점, 등)의 온도를 5회에 걸쳐 측정하였다. 온도계(TM-100, Oncotherm Kft, Hungary)를 4개의 부위에 부착하고 치료 전, 치료 후 5분, 15분, 25분, 35분, 50분의 온도를 측정하였다. 이때 사용한 보상체는 바셀린, 볼루스, 레진으로 각각 같은 방법으로 측정하였다. 결 과: 일반적 치료 시 배꼽 속 온도변화는 평균 34.65도에서 42.9도로 변화하였다. 배꼽 바로 옆은 32.20도에서 37.00도까지 변화하였으며 배꼽아래는 31.90도에서 34.41도로 변화하여 배꼽속의 온도변화가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 배꼽 속에 보상체 물질을 삽입한 경우의 배꼽 속 온도변화는 볼루스가 5.42도, 바세린이 6.55도, 레진이 6.83도로 측정되었다. 온도상승 검증을 위한 귀무가설의 유의확률은 각각 0.0108, 0.034, 0.019로 기각되었다. 결 론: 고주파 온열암 치료 시 환자가 느끼는 열감은 치료의 중단을 가져올 수도 있는 중요한 인자로서 배꼽과 같은 요철부위에 보상체를 사용 시 열감을 줄일 수 있었다. 보상체는 개인마다 요철의 모양이 다르기 때문에 맞춤제작이 가능한 레진이 유리하며, 온도를 낮출 뿐 아니라 환자가 느끼는 열감 또한 상당히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 추후 열전달 모델의 개발이 가능하다면 치료 시 나타나는 열감을 줄이며 보다 정확하고 편안한 치료를 제공 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Objectives: Oncological hyperthermia is a treatment to selectively kill cancer cells by directly applying heat to cancer cells or indirectly demage cancer cells. One of the most side effects of treatment is burn that can appear on the skin. In areas with irregularities such as the umbilicus, the patient feels a sense of hot and treatment may be discontinued. Therefore, in order to eliminate the irregularities of these areas, compensators are manufactured and measured to decrease in temperature. Materials and Methods: The temperature of the four sites (umbilicus, near the umbilicus, 5 cm below the umbilicus, back) was measured five times around the umbilicus in patients who were treated at oncological hyperthermia treatment device(EHY-2000, Oncotherm Kft, Hungary). The temperature sensor (TM-100, Oncotherm Kft, Hungary) was attached to four sites and the changes were observed at 5, 15, 25, 35, and 50 minutes after treatment. Compensators of three materials were used(Vaseline, Bolus, Dental resin). The data measured five times were compared for each compensator. Results: The temperature change when the compensator was not used increase from 34.65 degrees to 42.9 degrees on average. The near umbilicus was changed from 32.20 degrees to 37.00 degrees, and the 5 cm below the umbilicus was changed from 31.90 to 34.41 degrees. When the compensator material was inserted into the umbilicus, the temperature change was measured as 5.42 degrees for bolus, 6.55 degrees for vaseline, and 6.83 degrees for resin. Conclusion: Using the compensator in the region where the irregularities such as the umbilicus, the heat sensation could be reduced. the use of a resin that can be customized not only lowers the temperature but also significantly reduces the feeling of the patient. It will be possible to reduce the heat sensation in the treatment and to treat it in a more comfortable condition.

시간지연 관측기를 이용한 전기식 구동시시템의 위치제어

이영철(Young-Cheol Lee),이흥호(Heung-Ho Lee) 대한전기학회 2003 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.7

적외선 흡수 분광법에 의한 담석 분석 - 육안적 담석 분석과의 비교를 중심으로 -

이영철 ( Young Cheol Lee ),김동건 ( Dong Kun Kim ),김성 ( Sung Kim ),정경석 ( Kyung Suk Chung ),우영민 ( Young Min Woo ),김주섭 ( Joo Seop Kim ),조마해 ( Ma Hae Cho ),정봉화 ( Bong Wha Chung ) 대한소화기학회 1994 대한소화기학회지 Vol.26 No.5

N/A Among the various analytic methods of gallstones, infrared spectroscopy has gained popu- larity because of its benefits. Authors analysed 109 cases of gallstone by qualitative infrared spectroscopy and compared them with classification by visual inspection. Coincidence rate be- tween visual and infrared spectroscopic classification was 78% in four boardmen of general surgery and 64.9% in six residents. There was no difference between two groups(p>0.05). The stones classified as pure cholesterol stone by infrared spectroscopy were interpreted as all types of cholesterol stone by visual inspection. Sometimes it was difficult to differentiate calci- um bilirubinate stone frorn black pigment stone by both visual and infrared spectroscopic clas- sification, and it was not possible to differentiate calcium palmitate stone from calcium bilirubinate stone by visual inspection. While all stones containing calcium phosphate by infra- red spectroscopy were interpreted as black pigment stone by visual inspection, stones contain- ing calcium carbonate were interpreted as several types of gallstone. In conclusion, gallstone analysis by visual inspection alone is not perfect, so it is necessary to study and educate accurate interpretation of gallstone by visual inspection and other analysing methods of gallstone including infrared spectroscopy.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1994; 26: 850 858)

광개토대왕비(廣開土大王碑)에 나타난 고구려(高句麗) 문화예술(文化藝術) 고찰(考察)

이영철 ( Young Cheol Lee ) 국제뇌교육종합대학원 국학연구원 2012 선도문화 Vol.12 No.-

고구려는 지리 문화적으로 광활한 영토와 강인하고 씩씩한 기상을 가진 700년 이상을 존속한 대제국이었다. 건국신화에서 보여주듯 天孫에 의하여 건국되어 왕위가 이어졌음은 왕실의 신성함을 내세우고, 고조선과 부여를 있는 정통성을 강조하였다. 더욱 고구려인들의 정체성을 자신감 있게 나타내는 광개토태왕비는 고구려 민족의 웅혼한 기상을 보여주고 있다. 이처럼 우리 민족 패기의 상징인 태왕비문은 상고사 연구의 귀중한 금석문이며 아울러 당시의 예술성을 엿볼 수 있는 자료이다. 이러한 현실에서 본 논문은 태왕비문에 나타난 고구려 문화와 비의 형태 그리고 비문 글씨의 예술성과 고유성을 살펴보았다. 4세기 이후 고구려의美는 곧 힘이었다. 힘이 없는 곳에 그들의 美는 성립될 수 없었다. 그리고 그들은 이러한 힘을 美로서 승화시켜 거대한 자연석 위에 펼쳐 보였다. 다시 말해서 그들의 주관적 구상은 線으로 나타나 있다. 웅대한 기상에서 나온 직선의 力動美와 고구려자연을 기반으로 한 여유로운 自然美가 그것이다. Koguryeo which had strong, vigorous spirit and vast territory with a geographical and cultural feature was great empire. It had a history of over 700years. From shown in the establishment of country myth, the throne was founded a country and to be connected by the 天孫. It represents the sacredness of the royal family, and it also emphasized the legitimacy to connect Kojoseon and Puyeo. Showing more confidence the identity of Great king Gwang Gae To`s epitaph shows Koguryeo nation`s magnificent spirit. In this manner, it is a valuable study that the symbol of our nation Taewang`epitaph Ancient History inscription. The form of Goguryeo culture and epitaph which sees in such reality which the paper appears in the Taewang`epitaph and I looked into an artistry and inherence of epitaph letter. Since the fourth century, Koguryeo`beauty can be considered as a power of Koguryeo. power of the weak where they could not be beauty. And as they beauty these forces were stretched over vaporizes the huge stones. In other words, they are shown in the subjective conception line. The formation of a straight line from the magnificent spirit, dynamic beauty and Koguryeo nature-based natural beauty is it. Since the fourth century, the beauty of Koguryeo was considered as a power, but those who was not formed beauty without the power, and they spread at the great natural rock to sublimate the beauty such a power. To saying again, their subjective embodiment appeared to the line. It is them to appear the power of beauty of straight line from the magnificent spirit and Koguryeo nature-based natural beauty in the generous.

이동 속도에 따른 지면반력 3방향 요인의 기여도와 동적 안정성 지수의 변화 분석

이영철(Young Cheol Lee),이대연(Dae Yeon Lee),조준행(Joon Haeng Cho) 한국사회체육학회 2013 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.52

The purpose of this study is to quantify ground reaction force from directions of anterior-posterior, medial-lateral and vertical according to locomotion speed which influence dynamic stability and stability index to analyze the degree of contribution to dynamic stability. For this experiment, 10 healthy male college students participated, all of whom were right-footed. The walking speed was set to 4.5km/h and 6km/h, running speed to 8km/h and 12km/h, and force plate was used to compute maximum anterior-posterior, medial-lateral and vertical ground reaction force and stability index/dynamic stability index per each direction. The results are as follows: 1. Along with increase in locomotion speed, ground reaction force per each direction tended to increase. But maximum anterior-posterior ground reaction force was decreased and similar in slow walking and run-ning. 2. Along with increase in locomotion speed, stability in each direction was found to decrease. In conclusion, the degree of contribution per each direction to stability index was the greatest for vertical ground reaction force in both walking and running, and it was found that the ratio of anterior-posterior ground reaction forces were relatively greater in walking than in running.

세포의 칼슘 농도의 변화가 배양된 각질세포의 분화 및 성층화에 미치는 영향

이영철(Young Cheol Lee),박혜림(Hye Rim Park),조홍래(Hong Rae Cho),김동건(Dong Kun Kim),김성(Sung Kim),최원진(Won Jin Choi),이규만(Kyu Man Lee),윤대원(Dae Won Yoon) 대한외과학회 1993 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.45 No.6

아프리카계 미국문학의 유머

이영철 ( Lee Young Cheol ) 대한영어영문학회 2012 영어영문학연구 Vol.38 No.4

This essay aims to contextually study humor in the African American literature in terms of their targets and forms. Humor, sometimes including parody, burlesque, tragicomedy, and forms more specific to African American culture, such as signifying and Yo-mama, has often been used as the most essential expressive forms in the African American literature. It is not threatening. Therefore, during slavery and the subsequent centuries of White segregation policy, it has contributed to production of a twofold effect, which seemingly leads Whites to believe in the inferiority of blacks and substantially helps African American writers to mask their aggression on Whites’ racial superiority and violence. African American writers have needed it as a defensive weapon to protect themselves from the insidiousness and violence of racism, and an offensive weapon to fight against them. It has also functioned as ways of affirming their humanity in the face of violent denial. (Jeonju University)

예이츠의 이율배반적 시어

이영철(Lee, Young-Cheol) 한국동서비교문학학회 2007 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.17