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곽은지,오미화,박범영,이희영,이수민,하지명,이지연,김세정,최경희,윤요한 한국축산식품학회 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.6
This study developed probabilistic models to describe Listeria monocytogenes growth responses in meat products with low concentrations of NaNO2 and NaCl. A five-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes was inoculated in NBYE (nutrient broth plus 0.6% yeast extract) supplemented with NaNO2 (0-141 ppm) and NaCl (0-1.75%). The inoculated samples were then stored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 4, 7, 10, 12, and 15°C for up to 60 d. Growth response data [growth (1) or no growth (0)] for each combination were determined by turbidity. The growth response data were analyzed using logistic regression to predict the growth probability of L. monocytogenes as a function of NaNO2 and NaCl. The model performance was validated with the observed growth responses. The effect of an obvious NaNO2 and NaCl combination was not observed under aerobic storage condition, but the antimicrobial effect of NaNO2 on the inhibition of L. monocytogenes growth generally increased as NaCl concentration increased under anaerobic condition, especially at 7-10°C. A single application of NaNO2 or NaCl significantly (p<0.05) inhibited L. monocytogenes growth at 4-15°C, but the combination of NaNO2 or NaCl more effectively (p<0.05) inhibited L. monocytogenes growth than single application of either compound under anaerobic condition. Validation results showed 92% agreement between predicted and observed growth response data. These results indicate that the developed model is useful in predicting L. monocytogenes growth response at low concentrations of NaNO2 and NaCl, and the antilisterial effect of NaNO2 increased by NaCl under anaerobic condition.
건성안 설문의 상관관계 및 관련요인 분석을 통한 의사결정나무모형 개발
곽은지,박나은,박미정,김소라 한국안광학회 2023 한국안광학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Purpose: This study analyzed the correlation between prolonged COVID-19-related factors and dry eyes and developed a decision tree model that can identify the characteristics according to the grade of dry eyes. Methods: Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5) and the Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire were used to assess the subjective symptoms of adults in their 20s and 30s. An analysis of factors related to dry eyes due to prolonged COVID- 19 was conducted by a self-prepared questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions, means, and standard deviations, were used to analyze data; the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to identify the correlation between the questionnaire answers. The relevance, priority, and reference point of answer variables according to the OSDI grade were analyzed by the ordinal logistic regression and decision tree model. Results: The highest positive correlation was found between “ocular fatigue score” and “ocular dryness score,” and one unit increase in “maskwearing time,” “ocular fatigue score,” and “DEQ-5 score” significantly increased the probability of having a higher OSDI grade. Based on the decision tree model, it was found that the OSDI grade was highly correlated in the order of ocular dryness score, ocular fatigue score, DEQ-5 score, and mask-wearing time, and the related factors' reference value could be set for each grade of dry eyes. Conclusions: Results from the questionnaire-based surveys on subjective symptoms and related factors associated with prolonged COVID-19 could effectively predict the grading of dry eyes. Therefore, if the reliability of the subjective symptoms-based questionnaire answers is secured, it can be used as a reference value for predicting and diagnosing dry eyes. 목적: 본 연구에서는 COVID-19 장기화에 따른 관련 요인과 건성안의 상관관계를 분석하고 건성안 등급에 따른 특성의 파악이 가능한 의사결정나무모형을 개발하고자 하였다. 방법: 20~30대 성인을 대상으로 자각증상 기반의 OSDI, DEQ-5 설문조사를 실시하였으며, COVID-19 장기화에 따른 건성안과의 관련 요인 분석은 자체 설문을 작성 하여 실시하였다. 빈도분석 및 기술통계분석으로 각 설문 답변의 평균, 표준편차 및 백분율을 구하였고, Pearson 상관분석을 통하여 설문 답변들 간의 상관관계를 파악하였다. OSDI 등급에 따른 변수들의 관련성, 우선순위 및 기준 점은 순서형 로지스틱회귀분석과 의사결정나무모형으로 분석하였다. 결과: ‘안구 피로도 점수’와 ‘안구 건조감 점수’ 사 이에서 가장 높은 양의 상관관계를 가지며, ‘마스크 착용시간’, ‘안구 피로도 점수’, ‘DEQ-5 점수’의 한 단위 증가로 OSDI 상위 범주에 속할 확률이 통계적으로 유의하게 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 의사결정나무모형 분석 결과, OSDI 등급은 ‘안구 건조감 점수’, ‘안구 피로도 점수’, ‘DEQ-5 점수’, ‘마스크 착용시간’의 순서로 높은 관련성을 가짐을 알 수 있었고, 등급 별로 관련요인들의 기준값을 설정할 수 있었다. 결론: 본 연구 결과, 자각 증상 기반의 설문조사와 COVID-19 장기화로 인한 관련요인에 대한 설문의 답변을 통하여 건성안 등급의 예측이 가능함을 알 수 있었 다. 따라서 자각증상 기반 설문 답변의 신뢰도가 확보된다면 건성안 예측 및 진단을 위한 기준값으로 활용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.