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상온에서 RF 스퍼터링 방법으로 증착한 Hafnium Oxide 박막의 저항 변화 특성
한용,조경아,윤정권,김상식,Han, Yong,Cho, Kyoung-Ah,Yun, Jung-Gwon,Kim, Sang-Sig 한국전기전자재료학회 2011 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.24 No.9
In this study, we fabricate resistive switching random access memory (ReRAM) devices constructed with a Al/$HfO_2$/ITO structure on glass substrates and investigate their memory characteristics. The hafnium oxide thin film used as a resistive switching layer is sputtered at room temperature in a sputtering system with a cooling unit. The Al/$HfO_2$/ITO device exhibits bipolar resistive switching characteristics, and the ratio of the high resistance (HRS) to low resistance states (LRS) is more than 60. In addition, the resistance ratio maintains even after $10^4$ seconds.
Fenbendazole의 항암활성에서 활성산소종의 관련성
한용,주홍구,Han, Yong,Joo, Hong-Gu 대한수의학회 2020 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.60 No.2
Fenbendazole (FBZ) is a benzimidazole anthelmintic that has been widely used in treatments for gastrointestinal parasites including pinworms and roundworms in animals. Recently, some studies demonstrated that FBZ has anti-cancer effects related to disruption of microtubule polymerization. In this study, we investigated whether FBZ has anti-cancer activity in HL-60 cells, a human leukemia cell line, and assessed its relationship with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). FBZ treatment at 0.25-1 μM significantly decreased the metabolic activity of HL-60 cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential of FBZ-treated HL-60 cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Apoptosis analysis using annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that 1 μM FBZ increased the percentages of cells in apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, Hoechst 33342 staining showed the presence of broken nuclei in HL-60 cells treated with 0.5 and 1 μM FBZ. To investigate the anti-cancer mechanism of FBZ, HL-60 cells were treated with FBZ in the absence or presence of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an inhibitor of ROS production. NAC significantly recovered the decreased metabolic activity of HL-60 induced by 0.5 and 1 μM FBZ treatments. This study provides evidence that FBZ has anti-cancer activity in HL-60 cells provided, in part, via ROS production.
Zea mays 불검화추출물을 함유하는 정제의 제제설계 및 평가
한용해,정연복,한건,정석재,박만기,심창구,Han, Yong-Hae,Chung, Youn-Bok,Han, Kun,Chung, Suk-Jae,Park, Man-Ki,Shim, Chang-Koo 대한약학회 2000 약학회지 Vol.44 No.6
The purpose of the present study was to design and prepare the optimum formulation for the oral administration of titrated extract of the unsaponifiable fraction of Zea mays L. (ETIZM). For this purpose, we simulated the blood concentration of ETIZM after its oral administration, changing the dissolution rate constants $(0.05{\sim}20\;hr^{-1})$. In vivo parameters, such as absorption rate constant $(k_a)$, elimination rate constant (k) and volume of distribution (Vd), were incorporated in the simulation on the basis of the experiments and literatures. When the dissolution rate constant $(k_r)$ is over $5\;hr^{-1}$, the absorption process appears to be the rate limiting step for the transport of ETIZM from the G.I. ract to the blood circulation. While less than $5\;hr^{-1}$, the dissolution rate considered to be the rate limiting step. Moreover, the optimum blood concentration was shown in the range from 1 to $5\;hr^{-1}$ of $k_r$ in the simulation. To design and prepare the tablets on the basis of the above results, 7 formula containing HPMC, PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 (1-5%, respectively) were prepared and evaluated. The tablets containing PEG 4000 (1%), PEG 6000 (1%) or PEG 4000 (5%) satisfy the optimum $k_r$ range ($1-5\;hr^{-1}$). These formulations, therefore, will be able to show the more effective blood concentration, compared with the commercial products after the oral administration.
한용 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 동유럽발칸연구소 2010 동유럽발칸연구 Vol.24 No.1
This study is to pursue the linguistic policy of Russian Federation as a multiracial country. Russia consists of about 180 ethnic groups. These groups have their own language. So this study aims at finding out what is the status of their own language which Russia guarantees in Russian Constitution and a law of nations' languages. And this study tries to find out what kinds of programs to guarantee and protect the right of each nation's language and point out the problem of linguistic policy of Russian Federation. Particularly this article tries to find out the situation of korean nation who is living in Russia and education situation of korean language too. And this study presents several proposals for education of korean language as a identifying factor of korean who live in Russian Federation. 본 논문은 다민족, 다언어 국가인 러시아 연방에서의 언어 정책에 관한 연구이다. 소련이 붕괴된 이후 국어였던 러시아어가 구소련 각 공화국들에서 소수 언어의 지위를 면치 못하고 있던 상황에서, 구소련 구성 국가들이 독립국가연합으로 재편된 뒤 러시아 연방 내에서의 러시아어의 위상과 기타 러시아 연방 구성 공화국들 및 그 구성 민족들의 모국어에 대한 법적 지위에 대하여 선언한 러시아 연방 헌법과 러시아연방 민족들의 언어들에 관한 법을 기초로 러시아 연방의 언어 정책의 일반적 기조에 대해서 살펴본다. 이를 위하여 러시아 헌법과 러시아 연방 민족들의 언어들에 관한 법에 나타나고 있는 러시아어의 지위와 러시아 연방 민족들의 언어에 관한 권리와 모국어 보호 및 발전 프로그램의 내용 등을 살펴보고 그의 문제점을 지적해 본다. 또한 이러한 러시아 연방의 언어 정책과 관련되어 러시아 연방 내에 거주하는 소수 민족으로서의 한인들의 현황과 그들의 한국어 구사 현황을 살펴보고, 러시아 연방 내 거주 한국인의 대부분이 러시아어를 구사하는 상황에서 언어적 측면에서의 한국인의 민족적 정체성을 확인하는 인자로서의 한국어의 교육 현황 및 한국어 교육 여건의 개선을 위한 향후 제안을 제시해 본다.
Determination of the toxicity of enrofloxacin on mouse bone marrow cells
한용,주홍구 한국예방수의학회 2019 예방수의학회지 Vol.43 No.4
Enrofloxacin (EFX) is one of the 2nd generation quinolone antibiotics and is now widely used as a broad-spectrum antibiotic for industrial animals. Previous study showed that EFX reduces the cellular metabolic activity of spleen cells and modulates the inflammatory responses. However, little is known about its toxicity on bone marrow (BM) cells. In this study, BM cells were treated with EFX and cellular metabolic activity, cell death, the change of neutrophil (CD11b+Gr1+ cells) proportion, and antigen uptake ability of granulocytes were measured. Compared to the control, EFX-treated cells showed the decrease of cellular metabolic activity, the increase of cell death, and the decreased proportion of neutrophils. In contrast, the antigen uptake ability of granulocytes in BM cells was increased by EFX. These data suggest that EFX has only limited toxicity on BM cells. And also, EFX is safe on BM cells in a range of concentration, 6.25 – 25 μg/mL. This study can provide available data for the safety or toxicity of EFX.