7가지 시비처리가 물푸레나무, 들메나무, 잣나무, 전나무 묘목의 생장 및 양분농도에 미치는 영향

한시호 ( Si Ho Han ),변재경 ( Jae Kyung Byun ),조민석 ( Min Seok Cho ),안지영 ( Ji Young An ),박관수 ( Gwan Soo Park ),김세빈 ( Se Bin Kim ),박병배 ( Byung Bae Park ) 한국임학회 2016 한국산림과학회지 Vol.105 No.2

시비는 고정포지에서 연속적인 묘목 생산에 의해 발생할 수 있는 양분 부족을 예방하고 건전한 묘목 생산을 위해 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 물푸레나무, 들메나무, 잣나무, 전나무 묘목을 대상으로 무처리인 대조구를 포함하여, 단일원소비료 질소(N 13.8 g·m(-2)), 인(P 6.1 g·m(-2)), 칼륨(K 7.5 g·m(-2)) 처리와 NPK복합비료 1x(N 6.9 g·m(-2), P 3.05 g·m(-2), K 3.75 g·m(-2)), 2x(1x의 2배량), 4x(1x의 4배량) 처리가 묘목의 생장과 양분 변화에 미치는 영향을 양분벡터분석법(Vector diagnosis method)으로 정량화하였다. 토양 pH는 시비량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 치환성 칼슘과 마그네슘은 질소와 복합비료 처리에서 감소하였다. 물푸레나무와 들메나무는 질소와 복합비료 시비에서 수고와 근원경이 유의하게 증가하였고, 잣나무와 전나무는 처리에 따른 차이가 없었다. 물푸레나무와 들메나무는 대조구에 비해 복합비료 처리에서 약 2배의 물질량 증가를 보였다. 양분벡터반응은 수종과 시비처리에 따라 상이한 경향을 보였는데, 물푸레나무는 식물체 내 질소 농도와 함께 질소함량이 감소되는 "양분희석" 현상이 나타났고, 식물체 인과 칼륨은 4x처리에서 식물체 농도 변동 없이 함량이 증가하는 "양분최적" 현상을 보였다. 들메나무는 질소, 인, 칼륨의 단일원소비료 처리에서 건중량의 변화 없이 질소 함량을 감소시키는 "체내이동" 현상을 보였으며, 복합비료 처리는 정도는 다르지만 "양분희석" 현상을 보였다. 본 연구는 양묘과정에서 물푸레나무와 들메나무는 적절한 시비가 요구되지만, 잣나무와 전나무는 시비가 필수적이지 않음을 보여주고 있다. Fertilization is required to keep the balance of tissue nutrients and to produce high quality seedlings at the permanent nursery. This study was conducted to verify the optimum fertilization method for Fraxinus rhynchophylla, F. mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis, and Abies holophylla seedlings with vector diagnosis method. Seven treatments include nitrogen (N, 13.8 g·m(-2)), phosphorus (P, 6.1 g·m(-2)), potassium (K, 7.5 g·m(-2)) fertilization and 1x (N 6.9·g m(-2), P 3.05 g·m(-2), K 3.65 g·m(-2)), 2x (twice of 1x), 4x (four times of 1x) fertilization and no fertilization. Soil pH decreased as fertilization increased. Nitrogen and NPK fertilization decreased exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations. Height and root collar diameter of F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica significantly increased with N and NPK fertilization, but those of P. koraiensis and A. holophylla did not. The biomass of F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica was about twice higher at NPK fertilization compared to the control. The responses of vector diagnosis were different by tree species and fertilization treatment: F. rhynchophylla was in the status of N "dilution", which means the N concentration decreases with N content. Phosphorus and K were "sufficiency" state with 4x fertilization. F. mandshurica showed "retranslocation" as N content decreased without change of dry weight at N, P, K fertilization, but "dilution" state at NPK fertilization. This result suggested that optimal fertilization was required for F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica in seedling production stage, but was not essential for P. koraiensis and A. holophylla.

유기논 및 관행논에서 시비에 따른 담수 수질 및 토양 특성

구본운 ( Bon-wun Gu ),박성직 ( Seong-jik Park ) 한국수처리학회 2016 한국수처리학회지 Vol.24 No.5

The aim of this study is to investigate the ponded water quality of conventional paddy and organic paddy at different fertilization times. Water and soil were sampled and analyzed two times, after basal fertilization (May 2015) and after additional fertilization (August 2015). The statistical significance between groups was determined by Duncan`s multiple range test. The results show that pH, COD, and SS of ponded water were not statistically dependent on fertilization timing and farming methods. EC of ponded water in conventional paddy after additional fertilization was higher than that of organic paddy, and higher BOD was observed after additional fertilization than after basal fertilization. In contrast to T-N, NH₄-N, and NO₂-N, fertilization timing statistically influenced on NO₃-N, T-P and PO₄-P. T-P and PO₄-P concentrations of ponded water in organic and conventional paddy were also different depending on the farming method. Soils in conventional and organic paddy were also sampled and analyzed to compare them with water quality data. pH and EC of paddy soil were not statistically dependent on fertilization timing and farming methods. Higher OM content was observed in conventional paddy than organic paddy. Although T-N, NH₄-N, and NO₃-N of ponded water were not dependent on fertilization timing, their amounts in soils were varied with fertilization timing. T-P in soil was higher after additional fertilization than after basal fertilization and vice versa, P₂O₅ was higher after basal fertilization. It can be concluded that fertilization timing influenced on ponded water quality more than farming methods.

산개나리의 생리적 활성에 대한 최적 광도 조건과 시비 효과

한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),김두현 ( Du Hyun Kim ),윤충원 ( Chung Weon Yun ),신수정 ( Soo Jeong Shin ) 한국산림과학회 2013 한국산림과학회지 Vol.102 No.3

The leaf growth and physiological characteristics of Forsythia saxatilis were investigated under different relative light intensities (RLI) and fertilization levels in order to find out the optimum environmental conditions for in-situ restoration. RLI and fertilization were four levels (30%, 43%, 63% of full sun and full sun) and three levels (non-fertilization, 2 times and 3 times of average forest soil in Korea), respectively. According to the increase of fertilization level under all RLI, leaf area increased and leaf dry weight and the ratio of leaf dry weight to leaf area decreased. As the fertilization level increased, photosynthetic pigment contents such as chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid under all RLI decreased. And pigment contents were the highest under full sun in the same fertilization level. Foliar nitrogen content under fertilization was higher than that under non-fertilization, and chlorophyll/nitrogen ratio decreased with the increase of fertilization level under all RLI. The increase of photosynthetic rate was observed with the increase of fertilization level at 63% of RLI and full sun, and dark respiration rate under fertilization was lower than under non-fertilization. Apparent quantum yield was lower at non-fertilization than that of fertilization, and it was highest at 63% of RLI under the same fertilization level. In conclusion, leaf growth and physiological characteristics of F. saxatilis could be improved under higher light conditions and fertilization.

저출산 극복을 위한 난임 치료 시술에 따른 비용 분석 - 일 산부인과전문병원을 중심으로 -

김윤정,황병덕 한국보건사회학회 2015 보건과 사회과학 Vol.0 No.40

In this study, we analyzed the success of pregnancy and the cost required depending on the result of artificial fertilization and external fertilization which are included in the infertility treatment project for couples. To achieve this, cross analysis, ANOVA and T-test were conducted for 230 subjects who underwent treatment of infertility in one obstetrics and gynecology specialized hospital for two years from 2012 to 2013. In the result, the number of the thirties(71.3%), cases without diseases related to infertility(67.4%) and cases without experience of childbirth(83.5%) were the highest among infertile patients who got treatment, respectively. The average cost of artificial fertilization and external fertilization to be pregnant was 879,000 won and 3,439,000 won, respectively. When both artificial fertilization and external fertilization were conducted for one person, the average cost was 4,664,000 won. The cost of external fertilization was 3.9-fold higher than that of artificial fertilization. In case of both artificial fertilization and external fertilization conducted for one person, it was 5.3-fold higher than that of artificial fertilization. The average number of procedures to be successfully pregnant was 1.61 in artificial fertilization alone, 2.07 in external fertilization alone and 4.36 in both artificial fertilization and external fertilization conducted for one person. The average number in external fertilization was 1.29-fold higher than that in artificial fertilization and 2.71-fold higher in both artificial fertilization and external fertilization conducted for one person. Therefore, policies, such as provision of health benefits on treatment costs and expansion of the total recipients in the infertility treatment project for couples which is one of methods to reduce current severe low fertility and an aging population, are required. 본 연구는 난임부부지원사업의 대상인 인공수정과 체외수정의 시술 결과에 따른 임신여부와 소요되는 비용을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 2012년부터 2013년까지 2년간 일 산부인과전문병원에서 난임 시술을 받은 230명을 대상으로 교차분석, ANOVA 그리고 T-test를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 난임 시술자는 30대(71.3%), 난임과 관련된 질병이 없는 경우(67.4%), 출산자녀가 없는 경우(83.5%)가 가장 많았다. 시술별 임신성공 평균 비용은 인공수정이 879,000원, 체외수정이 3,439,000원, 인공수정과 체외수정을 모두 시술한 경우는 4,664,000원 이었다. 인공수정 시술비용에 비하여 체외수정 비용은 3.9 배, 인공수정과 체외수정을 모두 시술한 비용은 5.3배가 높았다. 시술별 임신성공 평균 횟수는 인공수정이 1.61회, 체외수정이 2.07회, 인공수정과 체외수정을 모두 시술한 경우는 4.36회 이었다. 인공수정 시술 횟수에 비하여 체외수정 횟수는 1.29배, 인공수정과 체외수정을 모두 시술한 횟수는 2.71배높았다. 따라서 본 연구가 현재의 심각한 저출산 현상과 고령화를 줄일 수 있는 방법 중의 하나인 난임부부지원사업의 시술비 급여화 및 전체 대상자 확대 등 정책 수립이 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) and Nutrient Composition of Taro Tuber by NPK Fertilization

Ye-Jin Lee,Jwa-Kyung Sung,Seul-Bi Lee,Jung-Eun Lim,Yo-Sung Song,Deog-Bae Lee 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.4

The objectives of fertilizer recommendation are to prevent the application of excessive fertilization and to produce target yields. Also, optimal fertilization is important because crop quality can be influenced by fertilization. In this study, yields and fertilizer use efficiency of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) were evaluated in different level of NPK fertilization. N, P and K fertilizer application rates were 5 levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200%) by practical fertilization (N-P₂O5-K₂O = 180-100-150 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>), respectively. In the N treatment, the yields of Taro tuber were about 33 Mg ha-1 from 90 to 360 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> N fertilization. However, the ratio of tuber to total biomass decreased with increasing N fertilization rate. In the P and K treatments, yields of Taro tuber were the highest at 150 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> fertilization. Fertilizer use efficiency was decreased by increase of N and K fertilization. Crude protein of Taro tuber was the highest at practical fertilization. Sucrose content of tuber was influenced by phosphate application.

Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) and Nutrient Composition of Taro Tuber by NPK Fertilization

Lee, Ye-Jin,Sung, Jwa-Kyung,Lee, Seul-Bi,Lim, Jung-Eun,Song, Yo-Sung,Lee, Deog-Bae 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.4

The objectives of fertilizer recommendation are to prevent the application of excessive fertilization and to produce target yields. Also, optimal fertilization is important because crop quality can be influenced by fertilization. In this study, yields and fertilizer use efficiency of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) were evaluated in different level of NPK fertilization. N, P and K fertilizer application rates were 5 levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200%) by practical fertilization ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O=180-100-150kg\;ha^{-1}$), respectively. In the N treatment, the yields of Taro tuber were about $33Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from 90 to $360kg\;ha^{-1}$ N fertilization. However, the ratio of tuber to total biomass decreased with increasing N fertilization rate. In the P and K treatments, yields of Taro tuber were the highest at $150kg\;ha^{-1}$ fertilization. Fertilizer use efficiency was decreased by increase of N and K fertilization. Crude protein of Taro tuber was the highest at practical fertilization. Sucrose content of tuber was influenced by phosphate application.

Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) and Nutrient Composition of Taro Tuber by NPK Fertilization

이예진,성좌경,이슬비,임정은,송요성,이덕배 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.4

The objectives of fertilizer recommendation are to prevent the application of excessive fertilization and to produce target yields. Also, optimal fertilization is important because crop quality can be influenced by fertilization. In this study, yields and fertilizer use efficiency of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) were evaluated in different level of NPK fertilization. N, P and K fertilizer application rates were 5 levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200%) by practical fertilization (N-P2O5-K2O = 180-100-150 kg ha-1), respectively. In the N treatment, the yields of Taro tuber were about 33 Mg ha-1 from 90 to 360 kg ha-1 N fertilization. However, the ratio of tuber to total biomass decreased with increasing N fertilization rate. In the P and K treatments, yields of Taro tuber were the highest at 150 kg ha-1 fertilization. Fertilizer use efficiency was decreased by increase of N and K fertilization. Crude protein of Taro tuber was the highest at practical fertilization. Sucrose content of tuber was influenced by phosphate application.

고랭지감자 재배지 양분 과다 및 불균형 해소를 위한 제언

서영호 ( Y. H. Seo ),안문섭 ( M. S. Ahn ),강안석 ( A. S. Kang ),정영상 ( Y. S. Jung ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2011 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.23 No.3

The use of complex fertilizer for potato containing relatively high content of phosphate compared with nitrogen and potassium may attribute to high content of available phosphate of soil cultivating potato in mountainous highland. This experiment was conducted at two sites of a farm in Pyeongchang, one of the major potato cultivating county in Korea, in order to examine the effect of recommended fertilization on yield and quality of potato and soil chemical characteristics. Significant difference in growth and yield characteristics of potato was not observed between fertilization based on soil testing and conventional fertilization of potato cultivating farms. Recommended fertilization resulted in relatively low content of available phosphate and exchangeable potassium in soil in comparison with conventional fertilization. Solid and starch contents of potato for recommended fertilization were not significantly different from those for conventional fertilization. The results obtained from the study imply that fertilization based on soil testing or customized fertilization may improve soil characteristics and ensure yield and quality of potato.

질소시비수준이 콩의 생육 및 isoflavone 함량에 미치는 영향

이미자,박종철,오영진,김경호,김형순,이상복,김정곤 韓國作物學會 2006 Korean journal of crop science Vol.51 No.5

본 연구에서는 질소 시비수준이 생육시기별 식물체 및 종실에서 isoflavone함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 고속액체크로마토그래피(HPLC)를 이용하여 생육시기에 따른 식물체에서 isoflavone을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 질소시비 수준에 따른 일반생육은 50%증비구가 다른 처리에 비하여 가장 좋았는데, 엽수 및 엽면적이 표준비의 72.7개, 619.7cm2에 비하여 81.9개와 723cm2으로 증가하였다. 2. 수량 관련 형질 중에서 협수 및 종실수는 50%증비에서 개체당 31.9개와 72.3개로 가장 많았으며, 수량도 246 kg/10a로 다른 시비구에 비하여 가장 높았다. 무비와 N무비구에서는 협수가 24.9개/개체와 25.1개/개체, 립수는 60.3개/개체과 51.1개/개체, 수량은 181.0 kg/10a과 178.0 kg/10a으로 낮았다. 3. 생육시기에 따른 isoflavone 함량은 잎, 줄기, 뿌리에서 개화이후부터 립비대기(R5)까지는 감소하다가 이후 수확기(R7)까지 다시 증가하였다. 4. 식물체 부위별 isoflavone 함량은 뿌리에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 5. 시비수준에 따른 종실의 isoflavone 함량은 무비, N무비 및 50% 감비의 경우가 표준비나 증비보다 다소 높은 함량을 나타내었다. The nitrogen fertilization effect on growth characteristics and isoflavone content was investigated in this study, and isoflavone analyzed by HPLC with photodiode array (PDA) detector and reverse-phase C18 column. Fertilization levels were no-fertilization, no nitrogen, 50% decreased in nitrogen, standard and 50% increased in nitrogen fertilization. The 50% increased nitrogen fertilization showed the highest growth characteristics then other fertilization level and the number of pod and seed showed maximum value 31.9 and 72.3, respectively, and seed yield was 2,460 kg/ha. During growth stages, isoflavone content in leaf, stem and root of soybean plants decreased to R5 stage then increased to R7 stage. Isoflavone content according to various nitrogen fertilization condition, in case of none fertilization, no nitrogen, 50% decreased nitrogen fertilization showed higher value than those of standard and 50% increased nitrogen fertilization levels. Aglycon content among the isoflavone isomers showed much higher in plant than in seed. The highest isoflavone content was found in the root of soybean plant parts. Isoflavone content of seed was higher in none, no nitrogen, 50% decreased nitrogen than those of standard and 50% increased nitrogen fertilization

인간 정자의 정밀 형태 분석에 관한 연구

문신용(Shin Yong Moon),최영민(Young Min Choi),김석현(Seok Hyun Kim),오선경(Sun Kyung Oh),서창석(Chang Suk Suh),이진용(Jin Yong Lee),권재희(Jae Hee Kwon),지병철(Byeong Chul Jee),정병준(Byeong Jun Jung),김희선(Hee Sun Kim),류범용(Buom 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.12

The proportion of male factor infertility due to quantitative and qualitative sperm disorders is approximately 50-60% in infertile couples. In IVF-ET, lower or failed fertilization of oocytes usually results from subnormal count of total motile sperms, but this may occur in infertile couples even with normal sperm count. It has been suggested that some functional defects in sperms are responsible for lower or failed fertilization. Routine semen analysis based on numerical background has limits for the assessment of fertilization capacity of sperm in infertile males, and the andrologic test for the prediction of fertilization capacity must be objective, repeatable, quick, economic, and easily applicable for the clinical settings. The purposes of this study were to develop the analysis method of strict morphology of sperm using the strict criteria as a simple, inexpensive and useful test of sperm fertilization capacity, to establish the normal fertile range and the cut-off value of strict morphology, and to evaluate the validity of strict morphology as a prognostic indicator of fertilization capacity in IVF-ET. In establishing the effectiveness of strict morphology of sperm, ROC curve was used. Among the various thresholds for the prediction of fertilizing ability, normal morphologic value 10.0 corresponding to the value with higher sensitivity and lesser false positive rates was determined as a cut-off value. Using this cut-off point, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of strict morphology for the prediction of fertilization capacity was 73.9%, 81.0%, 80.6%, and 72.7%, respectively. To evaluate the clinical validity of strict morphology as a prognostic indicator of fertilization capacity, this cut-off point was applied to 133 patients undergoing IVF-ET. For the prediction of fertilization rate >30% in IVF-ET, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV was 77.3%, 77.8%, 87.2%, and 63.6%, respectively. In conclusion, the strict morphology of sperm is one of the most simple and useful test for the assessment of fertilization capacity of sperm and the prediction of IVF-ET outcomes in infertile couples.