쥐 섬유육종에서 베타카로틴과 방사선조사 병용의 항종양 효과

권형철(Hyoung-Cheol Kwon),양문식(Moon-Sik Yang) 대한방사선종양학회 2000 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.18 No.2

목 적 : 베타카로틴과 방사선조사의 병용효과에 관한 평가를 목적으로, 베타카로틴을 병용한 경우 방사선조사 단독의 경우 보다 세포독성의 차이는 어떠하며, 또한 쥐 섬유육종에서 두 군간의 종양성장의 지연 정도에 어떠한 차이가 있는가를 관찰하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2% 베타카로틴 유제를 2 mg/ml 으로 만든 다음 단계적으로 희석하여 사용하였으며, 섬유육종세포와 태생 5∼6주의 C3H/N의 실험쥐를 이용하였다. 방사선조사는 6 MV 선형가속기를 이용하였고, 세포내 독성은 쥐 섬유육종세포의 생존을 감소시키는 능력으로 평가하였으며, 베타카로틴 2 mg/ml을 방사선조사 1시간 전 섬유육종세포주에 접촉시켰다. 종양성장 지연 실험을 위하여 베타카로틴과 방사선조사 병용군(n=6)과 방사선조사 단독군(n=5)으로 분류하였으며, 베타카로틴 20 mg/kg을 방사선조사 30분전 섬유육종이 접종된 쥐의 복강내 일회 주사하였고, 방사선조사량은 20 Gy를 주었다. 종양용적은 장경×장경×장경/2 (mm3) 공식을 사용하였으며, 2∼3일 마다 측정하였다. 결 과 : 섬유육종세포에 베타카로틴 0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2 mg/ml 농도액을 1시간 동안 접촉 후 얻은 각각 생존분율은 0.69±0.07, 0.59±0.08, 0.08±0.008 및 0.02±0.006이었다. 그리고 방사선조사 1시간 전 섬유육종세포에 베타카로틴 2 mg/ml을 접촉한 후 조사량 2, 4, 6 및 8 Gy에서 얻은 각각의 생존분율은 0.13±0.05, 0.03±0.005, 0.01±0.002 및 0.009±0.0008이었으며 방사선조사 단독군의 경우 동일 조사량에서 얻은 생존분율은 각각 0.66±0.05, 0.40±0.04, 0.11±0.01 및 0.03±0.006으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 종양성장의 지연정도를 나타내는 실험에서 섬유육종을 쥐에 접종한 후 종양의 용적이 1,000 mm3 에 달하는 기간은 베타카로틴 병용군과 방사선조사 단독군에서 각각 18일과 19일로 나타났다(p>0.05). 결 론 : 쥐 섬유육종세포에 베타카로틴을 접촉한 경우 세포독성이 나타났으며, 베타카로틴 농도 증가에 따라 세포독성도 증가하였다. 그리고 쥐 섬유육종세포의 세포독성은 베타카로틴 병용군에서 방사선조사 단독군의 경우 보다 부가적으로 증가하였으며, 두 군간에 통계학적으로 현저한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 쥐 섬유육종 성장 지연정도에 있어서 베타카로틴 병용군과 방사선조사 단독군간의 통계학적으로 뚜렷한 차이는 없었다. Purpose :To investigate whether combined beta- carotene with X- irradiation has more enhanced radition response than X- irradiation or not, we performed a experiment about in vitro cytotoxicity of beta- carotene and/or X- irradiation in the fibrosarcoma cells, tumor growth delay of combined beta- caroten with/or X- irradiation in the mouse fibrosarcoma. Materials and Methods :2% emulsion of beta- carotene was serially diluted and used. X- irradiation was given by 6 MeV linear accelerator. The cytotoxicity of beta- carotene in vitro was evaluated from clonogenic assay. To compare the cytotoxicity between combined beta- carotene with X- irradiation and X- irradiation group, 2 mg/ml of beta- carotene was contacted to fibrosarcoma (FSaII) cells for 1 hour before X- irradiation. For the tumor growth delay, single 20 Gy was given to FSaII tumor bearing C3H/N mice whic was classified as beta- crotene with X- irradiation group (n=6) and X- irradiation alone group (n=5). 0.2 ml of 20 mg/kg of beta- carotene were i.p. injected to mice 30 minute before X- irradiation in the beta- crotene with X- irradiation group. The tumor growth delay defined as the time which reach to 1,000 mm3 of tumor volume. Result : (1) Cytotoxicity in vitro; 1) survival fraction at beta- carotene concentration of 0.002, 0.02, 0.2 and 2mg/ml were 0.69±0.07, 0.59±0.08, 0.08±0.008 and 0.02±0.006, respectively. 2) each survival fraction at 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy in the 2 mg/ml of beta- carotene +X- irradiation group were 0.13±0.05, 0.03±0.005, 0.01±0.002 and 0.009±0.0008, respectively. But each survival fraction at same irradiation dose in the Xirradiation group were 0.66±0.05, 0.40±0.04, 0.11±0.01 and 0.03±0.006, respectively(p<0.05). (2) The time which reach to 1,000 mm3 of tumor volume of beta- carotene + X- irradiation group and X- irradiation alone group were 18, 19 days, respectively(p>0.05). Conclusion :The contact of beta- caroten to FSaII cells showed mild cytotoxicity which was increased according to concentration. The cytotoxicity of combined beta- carotene with X- irradiation more increased than that of X- irradiation, additionaly. And there was significant difference of cytotoxicity between two groups. But there were no significant difference of the growth delay of fibrosarcoma between two groups.

당근즙 및 ${\beta}$-Carotene의 섭취가 흡연자의 혈장 항산화 영양 상태에 미치는 영향

이혜진,박유경,강명희,Lee, Hye-Jin,Park, Yoo-Kyoung,Kang, Myung-Hee 한국영양학회 2009 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.42 No.8

건강한 성인 남자 48명을 대상으로 각각 당근즙 섭취군과 ${\beta}$-carotene 섭취군, placebo 약 섭취군으로 나누어 8주동안 실시하였으며, 당근즙은 매일 300 mL을 주었고 정제된 항산화 비타민은 당근즙에 함유된 ${\beta}$-carotene과 같은 양을 주어 항산화 영양 상태에 대한 개선 효과를 비교하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 혈장 비타민 C, 비타민 E 및 ${\beta}$-carotene 함량은 당근즙 및 항산화 비타민 섭취 전보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났고, 그 증가 정도가 비슷하게 나타나 식품으로부터 항산화 영양소를 충분히 섭취하는 것이 흡연자의 산화적 손상과 관련된 질병을 예방하는 좋은 방법이 될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. Smoking is associated with an increased incidence of numerous cancers and other degenerative diseases. It has been suggested that high consumption of fruits and vegetables may give some protection. Especially carrot is the most important source of dietary ${\beta}$-carotene. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate whether carrot juice supplementation to smokers have different or superior effect of compared to the effect supplementing purified ${\beta}$-carotene. The study was conducted in a randomized and placebo-controlled design, after a depletion period of 14 days, 48 smokers were supplemented either carrot juice (n = 18), purified ${\beta}$-carotene (n = 16) or placebo (n = 14). Each group was supplemented for 8 weeks with approximately 20.49 mg of ${\beta}$-carotene/day and 1.2 mg of vitamin C/day, as carrot juice (300 mL/day) or purified ${\beta}$-carotene (1 capsule/day). Plasma vitamin C, vitamin E and ${\beta}$-carotene level were significantly increased after carrot juice and ${\beta}$-carotene supplementation. These results suggest that carrot juice containing ${\beta}$-carotene or ${\beta}$-carotene itself have similar antioxidative potentials by increasing the antioxidant potential in smokers. Therefore, we suggest moderate dose of vitamin supplementation (amount of two servings of vegetable intake) may help to replenish the decreased oxidative stress levels in smokers.

비타민 A와 β-Carotene의 급여가 에탄올의 급성 투여에 의한 흰쥐의 산화적 손상에 미치는 영향

장정현,양경미,서정숙 한국식품영양과학회 2002 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.31 No.1

에탄올 투여에 의한 산화적 손상에 대하여 비타민 A의 보충급여 영향을 조사하고자 흰쥐에게 AIN-76 요구량에 2배 수준으로 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene을 보충한 식이를 5주간 급여한 후 20% 에탄올 용액(3g/kg B.W)을 급성으로 복강내에 투여하였다. 그런 다음 간조직에서 생성되는 지질과산 화물 함량, 간조직에서의 관련 효소활성도와 항산화비타민의 함량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 간조직에서의 지질과 산화물 함량은 대조군에 비하여 $\beta$-carotene 공급군에서 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다. 그러나 retinyl acetate 공급군과 $\beta$-carotene 공급군 사이에서의 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. SOD 활성은 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate 공급군이 높았고, catalase 활성과 GSH-Px 활성은 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. GST 활성은 에탄올만을 투영한 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene을 공급한 군에서 유의적으로 감소되었다. 간조직 내 retinol 함량은 대조군에 비해 retinyl acetate 공급군에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 이는 에탄올 급여로 인한 간조직 비타민 A의 소모를 retinyl acetate의 급여로 인해 완화시킨 것으로 여겨진다. 그러나 혈청에서는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 간조직내 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 함량은 retinyl acetate와 $\beta$-carotene 공급군에서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 금성적인 에탄올의 투여에 대해 retinyl acetate나 $\beta$-carotene을 보충 급여한 경우 항산화효소계 중 superoxide dismutase의 활성이 유도되는 경향을 보였으며, 대표적인 항산화비타민으로 알려진 $\alpha$-tocopherol의 간조직 내 수준이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin A or $\beta$-carotene on oxidative damage induced by acute ethanol administration. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on the experimental diets supplemented with retinyl acetate (2.86 mg/kg diet) or $\beta$-carotene (15.2 mg/kg diet) for 5 weeks. After fed the diet, rats were administered 20% ethanol solution (3g/kg B.W.) acutely. Lipid peroxide values in hepatic tissue, hepatic antioxidative enzyme activities and contents of antioxidative nutrient such as vitamins A and E in serum and hepatic tissue were measured. Hepatic level of malondialdehyde decreased in $\beta$-carotene group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between retinal acetate and $\beta$-carotene groups. Superoxide dismutase activity was higher in retinal acetate group than in the control group. Hepatic glutathione-S-transferase activity of retinal acetate and $\beta$-carotene groups significantly decreased as compared with that of control group. The hepatic content of retinol increased in retinal acetate and $\beta$-carotene groups, especially, in retinyl acetate group. But there was no significant difference in serum content of retinol among the groups. Hepatic content of $\alpha$-tocopherol was significantly increased in retinyl acetate and $\beta$-carotene groups. In conclusion, acute ethanol administration might induce lipid peroxidation, and the dietary supplementation of retinyl acetate or $\beta$-carotene improve partly the antioxidative system through activation of superoxide dismutase and retention of hepatic $\alpha$-tocopherol in ethanol-treated rats.

지역 농특산물의 베타카로틴 함량 조사

엄현주,강혜정,윤향식,권누리,김영호,홍성택,박진주,이준수,Eom, Hyun-Ju,Kang, Hye Jeong,Yoon, Hyang-Sik,Kwon, Nu Ri,Kim, Youngho,Hong, Seong Taek,Park, Jinju,Lee, Joonsoo 한국식품영양학회 2019 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

Beta-carotene is the most prominent member of the group of carotenoids, natural colorants that occur in the human diet. Beta-carotene is also an effective source of vitamin A in both conventional foods and vitamin supplements, and it's generally safe. In this study, we explored the beta-carotene contents in agricultural products widely and specifically grown in Korea. The beta-carotene contents were ranging from 223 to $27,908{\mu}g/100g$ in leaves, and 0 to $7,588{\mu}g/100g$ in vegetables. In leaves and vegetables, the amount of beta-carotene was the highest in green tea powder ($27,908{\mu}g/100g$), followed by pepper ($7,588{\mu}g/100g$). In fruits, the beta-carotene content was found to range from $0{\mu}g/1,011g$ to maximum of $293.66{\mu}g/100g$(plumcot). However, there beta-carotene was not detected in strawberry. In the case of cereals and specialty crops, the beta-carotene contents were $326{\mu}g/100g$ for non-glutinous rice, $313{\mu}g/100g$ for glutinous rice, $57{\mu}g/100g$ for amaranth and $15{\mu}g/100g$ for pine nut, respectively. However, the beta-carotene content was not detected in other samples. This study revealed the presence of beta-carotene content in agricultural products specifically grown in Korea for nutritional information and food composition database.

미세조류 Dunaliella bardawil에서 오존과 과산화수소에 의한 ${\beta}$-carotene의 축적과 식용기름을 이용한 추출

유경원,정욱진,정병철,Yu, Gyeong-Won,Jeong, Uk-Jin,Jeong, Byeong-Cheol 한국미생물학회 1999 미생물학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Dunaliella bardawil의 적절한 생장과${\beta}$-carotene의 효과적인 축적 조건을 확립하기 위하여 염 농도, pH, 광량, 교반속도, 오존처리, 과산화수소 첨가 등의 영향을 비교하였고, 식용 식물성 기름을 이용한 ${\beta}$-carotene의 추출조건을 비교하였다. D. bardawil의 비생장 속도는 1N NaCl, pH 8.0 광량 80${\mu}$$E/\m^2/s$ , 70rpm 으로 배양 시에 0.168/hr로 최대를 나타냈다. 흰색 형광등을 250${\mu}$$E/\m^2/s$ 로 조사한 경우 ${\beta}$-carotene isomer 축적은 cis isomer가 trans isomer에 비해 높은 증가율을 보였다. ${\beta}$-carotene의 축적을 위하여 50${\mu}$M 과산화수소를 배양 2일 경과 후에 첨가한 경우 대조군의 축적율이 150${\mu}$g/ml인데 비해 324${\mu}$g/ml로, 200ppb로 2시간 오존 처리했을 때 약 1.8배 증가한 270${\mu}$g/ml이었다. 식용기름에 의한 37${\circ}C$에서의 추출효율은 올리브유, 참기름, 미강유, 옥수수유, 대두유의 순서로 나타났으며, 올리브유를 수층 부피의 9배로 첨가하고 50${\circ}C$에서 1시간 동안 sonication한 결과 96.95의 추출효율을 나타내었다. Halotolerant microalga Dunaliella bardawil was reported to massively accumulate the ${\beta}$-carotene, which protects cells from excess light intensity. Maximum specific growth rate of 0.168/hr was achieved when cells were cultivated at 1 N NaCl, pH 8.0, light intensity 80 ${\mu}E/m^{2}/s$, agitation 70rpm. For the effectiv accumulation of ${\beta}$-carotene, ozone ro hydrogen peroxide was added to media which was irradiated with white fuorescent lamps with moderate light intensity of 250 ${\mu}E/m^{2}/s$. As a result, maximum volumetric content of ${\beta}$-carotene was 324 ${\mu}$g/㎖. The ${\beta}$-carotene extraction efficiency of vegetable oils was in the order of olive oil, sesame oil, rice brain oil, corn oil, and soy bean oil. Sonication and warming was effective in ${\mu}$-carotene extraction and finally 96.9% of ${\beta}$ could be extracted using olive oil.

The effect of carrot juice, ${\beta}$-carotene supplementation on lymphocyte DNA damage, erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and plasma lipid profiles in Korean smoker

Lee, Hye-Jin,Park, Yoo-Kyoung,Kang, Myung-Hee The Korean Nutrition Society 2011 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol. No.

High consumption of fruits and vegetables has been suggested to provide some protection to smokers who are exposed to an increased risk of numerous cancers and other degenerative diseases. Carrot is the most important source of dietary ${\beta}$-carotene. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether carrot juice supplementation to smokers can protect against lymphocyte DNA damage and to compare the effect of supplementationof capsules containing purified ${\beta}$-carotene or a placebo (simple lactose). The study was conducted in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. After a depletion period of 14 days, 48 smokers were supplemented with either carrot juice (n = 18), purified ${\beta}$-carotene (n = 16) or placebo (n = 14). Each group was supplemented for 8 weeks with approximately 20.49 mg of ${\beta}$-carotene/day and 1.2 mg of vitamin C/day, as carrot juice (300 ml/day) or purified ${\beta}$-carotene (20.49 mg of ${\beta}$-carotene, 1 capsule/day). Lymphocyte DNA damage was determined using the COMET assay under alkaline conditions and damage was quantified by measuring tail moment (TM), tail length (TL), and% DNA in the tail. Lymphocyte DNA damage was significantly decreased in the carrot juice group in all three measurements. The group that received purified ${\beta}$-carotene also showed a significant decrease in lymphocyte DNA damage in all three measurements. However, no significant changes in DNA damage was observed for the placebo group except TM (P = 0.016). Erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme was not significantly changed after supplementation. Similarly plasma lipid profiles were not different after carrot juice, ${\beta}$-carotene and placebo supplementation. These results suggest that while the placebo group failed to show any protective effect, carrot juice containing beta-carotene or purified ${\beta}$-carotene itself had great antioxidative potential in preventing damage to lymphocyte DNA in smokers.

토마토 품종 및 부위별과 토마토 가공제품의 ascorbic acid, lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene과 ${\alpha}$-carotene 함량 비교

최석현,김동호,김동석,Choi, Suk-Hyun,Kim, Dong-Ho,Kim, Dong-Seok 한국조리학회 2011 한국조리학회지 Vol.17 No.4

우수한 영양성분과 생리활성 물질을 함유하고 있는 토마토에 대해서 품종별 완숙 토마토의 부위 와 토마토 가공제품에 대하여 ascorbic acid, lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene과 ${\alpha}$-carotene의 함량 차이 를 조사한 결과 토마토의 품종에 따른 ascorbic acid 함량 수준의 차이가 존재하며, 부위별에서는 pulp보다 jelly가 월등히 높은 함량 수준을 나타내었다. 토마토 가공제품의 ascorbic acid의 함량은 토마토 주스 제품들이 타 제품들보다는 ascorbic acid 함량 수준이 높았지만, 가공 시 토마토 이외에 첨가되는 다양한 첨가제의 영향에 따른 것으로 ascorbic acid 함량 수준에 따라 제품을 평가하기에는 다소 무리가 있었다. 품종별 lycopene의 함량은 품종별 pulp와 jelly 부위 간의 lycopene의 함량 수준은 일정한 차이가 존재하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 대부분의 품종의 부위별 ${\beta}$-carotene의 함량 수준의 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았지만, 여용 품종은 pulp 부위 보다 jelly 부위가 2.7배 높은 함량 수준을 나타내었다. 품종별 ${\alpha}$-carotene의 함량은 pulp와 jelly 부위 모두 가장 높은 함량 수준을 나타내었으며, yellow carol 품종의 경 우 lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene 함량의 경우 부위별과 상관없이 가장 낮은 함량 수준을 나타내었으며, ${\alpha}$-carotene의 경우는 pulp 및 jelly 부위 모두 검출되지 않았다. 토마토 가공제품별 lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene, ${\alpha}$-carotene의 함량 수준은 전제적으로 유의성 있는 차이를 보였는데 이는 토마토 가공제품은 토마토의 가공 형태 및 첨가제로서의 역할에 따른 lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene, ${\alpha}$-carotene의 함량 수준의 차이가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 우수한 특성을 가진 토마토의 다양한 형태로의 섭취, 즉 국내에서 생육형태로만 섭취되어지고 있는 토마토에 대하여 다양한 토마토 가공제품과 함께 사용하여 영양적으로 우수한 다양한 조리법을 개발하는데 도움이 되고자 한다. For tomatoes containing valuable nutrients and biological active substances, this study examined differences in the ascorbic acid, lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene, and ${\alpha}$-carotene contents in processed tomato products according to tomato cultivar and the part of fully ripened tomatoes. According to the results, the ascorbic acid content was different among tomato cultivars, and it was far higher in jelly than in pulp among the parts of tomatoes. The ascorbic acid content in processed tomato products was higher in tomato juice than in other types of tomato products, but the difference was mainly from various additives used in addition to tomatoes; therefore, it was somewhat unreasonable to compare the ascorbic acid content among the products. It was found that the lycopene content was not significantly different between pulp and jelly in each cultivar. In most of the cultivars, the ${\beta}$-carotene content was not significantly different according to the parts, but in cultivar yeoyong, the content was 2.7 times higher in jelly than in pulp. The ${\alpha}$-carotene content was highest in both pulp and jelly for all the cultivar, and the lycopene and ${\beta}$-carotene contents were lowest regardless of parts for cultivar Yellow Carol. ${\alpha}$ carotene was not detected in either pulp or jelly. The lycopene, ${\beta}$-carotene, and ${\alpha}$-carotene contents showed significant difference among processed tomato products, and the difference came mainly from the type of processing and additives. Tomatoes have superior characteristics, but they are usually consumed uncooked in Korea. Thus, this study aimed to contribute to the various forms of consumption of tomatoes, that is, the development of various nutritionally excellent cooking methods using processed tomato products.

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용만 우렁쉥이 껍질로부터 ${\beta}$-carotene 추출

강인숙,윤현석,박지연,전병수,Kang, In-Sook,Youn, Hyun-Seok,Park, Ji-Yeon,Chun, Byung-Soo 한국생물공학회 2006 KSBB Journal Vol.21 No.3

본 연구는 초임계 이산화탄소와 에탄올 보조용매를 사용하여 천연물질에 존재하는 기능성 물질을 효율적으로 분리하여 식품 및 의약산업에 이용할 수 있는 천연 기능성 소재를 제공할 수 있는 가능성을 보여 주었다. 초임계 이산화탄소와 보조용매 에탄올 3 mL/min를 사용하여 멍게로부터 ${\beta}$-carotene을 추출하기 위한 최적의 조건은 $35^{\circ}C$, 350 bar이었으며, 추출물질을 흡착하는 흡착칼럼으로부터 ${\beta}$-carotene을 회수하기 위한 rinse 용매는 methanol이 우수한 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 초임계 이산화탄소를 사용한 멍게 껍질로부터 ${\beta}$-carotene 추출 공정이 상업화될 경우 기존의 재래식 유기용매 추출법에서 회수한 것에 비해 잔존 유기용매가 없고 환경 친화적 공정으로 식품, 의악품 산업 등의 고품질 원료 소재로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Dried raw Ascidians(Halocynthia roretzi) shells harvested from fish farms in southern coast area in Korea were used to extract ${\beta}$-carotene using supercritical carbon dioxide($SCO_2$) and with ethanol as a co-solvent at the range of temperatures and pressures, from 25 to $65^{\circ}C$ and 100 to 350 bar respectively. The size of the dried Ascidians shells was around $850{\mu}m$. The system used this study was a semi-batch flow type high pressure unit. The efficiency of ${\beta}$-carotene extraction using $SCO_2$ with and without co-solvent, ethanol, influenced to pressure and temperature changes. The highest solubility of ${\beta}$-carotene in $SCO_2$ was 1.35 mg/g for ${\beta}$-carotene at $35^{\circ}C$ and 350 bar. With addition of 2(v/v%) ethanol the recovery of ${\beta}$-carotene was 93%. As a result of using n-hexane and methanol for rinse, at $35^{\circ}C$ and 350 bar the amount of ${\beta}$-carotene by methanol rinse was 5 times higher than that of n-hexane rinse.

$\beta$-Carotene 의 수준별 공급에 따른 흰주의 항산화 물질과 간조직의 형태적 변화

최은미,박정룡,서정숙 동아시아식생활학회 1993 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.3 No.2

This study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary level of $\beta$-carotene on level of antioxidant nutrients of rat tissues. Male Sprague Dawley rats at the age of 30days were fed on diets containing different levels of $\beta$-carotene(0, 10, 120, 1200, 12000mg per kg diet). Body weight gain of rats fed with 12000mg $\beta$-carotene diet was significantly decreased, but liver and heart weights were not significantly different among groups, The content of total glutathione tended to decrease significantly in 12000mg $\beta$-carotene diet group when compared to $\beta$-carotene restriction group(BC O). However, total vitamin C content of liver showed the tendency to increase by $\beta$ -carotene supply up to 1200mg. But this tendency was not found in plasma, The content of zinc in liver and plasma was significantly decreased by $\beta$-carotene restriction. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in 12000mg diet group. In case of $\beta$-carotene restriction group, fibroblasts were proliferated in portal endothelium, and the vacuolar size was enlarged more than the nuclear, In 12000mg diet group, hepatic vacuoles were extended, but their size was regular and the lysis of hepatocytes was observed. Also, fibroblasts were proliferated in portal endothelium and the regular vacuolar size was extended.

Assessment of the Response of Beta Carotene Enhanced Transgenic Soybeans to Soybean Mosaic Virus (SMV)

( Yang Qin ),( Kong Sik Shin ),( Jang Kyun Seo ),( Myung Ho Lim ),( Young Soo Chung ),( Hyun Suk Cho ),( Seong Kon Lee ),( Hee Jong Woo ) 한국육종학회 2016 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.4 No.2

Beta-carotene, a defense chemical, is synthesized by the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. In the present study, a transgenic soybean line, with a single copy insertion of phytoene synthase and carotene desaturase genes, having high beta-carotene content was studied for its response to systemically inoculated Soybean mosaic virus (SMV). Beta-carotene-enhanced transgenic soybean showed similar leaf and seed symptoms, viral RNA, and protein expression compared to the non-genetically modified (GM) ``Kwangan`` control. Total antioxidant contents in the non-GM ``Kwangan`` line were increased after SMV attack in both leaves and seeds; however, the antioxidant contents in the beta-carotene-enhanced soybean line have no significant changes. In addition, both GM and non-GM soybean were detected increased lipid hydroperoxide concentrations in leaves and seeds after SMV infection, even though they did not reach a statistical significant level. Abscisic acid (ABA) levels in beta-carotene-enhanced transgenic soybean seeds was determined 35-fold increase after SMV infections caused a lower seed germination rate and a higher SMV transmission rate to subsequent generations, compared to those of non-GM ``Kwangan``. Thus, we concluded that the additional production of beta-carotene did not confer resistance of beta-carotene-enhanced transgenic soybean to SMV infections, but caused mass accumulations of ABA in seeds.