비타민과 뇌졸중 예방

구자성 대한뇌졸중학회 2011 Journal of stroke Vol.13 No.2

For the past 20 years, it has been suggested that B vitamins (vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12) and antioxidant vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E) can prevent cardiovascular disease. Many observational studies reported a consistent dose-related association between homocysteine levels and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Homocysteine can be easily lowered by supplementation of vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12. Because the vitamins are inexpensive and relatively safe, such therapy would be highly cost effective. However randomized clinical studies using vitamin B6, folate or vitamin B12 supplementation failed to show benefi t in preventing cardiovascular disease despite adequate lowering of homocysteine. Similarly, the role of anti-oxidant vitamins was linked to prevention of cardiovascular disease by limiting oxidation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol. In large observational studies, higher intake of anti-oxidant vitamins from diet or supplement was associated with decreased risk of coronary artery disease in men and women. However, a series of large randomized trials demonstrated no benefi t from these anti-oxidant vitamins. Instead, several meta-analyses showed that supplementation of carotene, vitamin C or vitamin E increased cardiovascular mortality or all cause mortality. Considering currently available evidences, vitamins taken in excess of the dose required to prevent defi ciency states are not benefi cial in preventing cardiovascular disease and may harm people. (Korean J Stroke 2011;13:49-56)

항산화비타민이 Aflatoxin B1 투여 마우스의 혈청 중 Aflatoxin B1 잔류량에 미치는 영향

박선자,김형갑,정덕화 대한보건협회 2002 대한보건연구 Vol.28 No.1

Aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1) is a potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin in human beings. It is also well known to be accumulated in animal tissues via various metabolic pathways. This study was conducted to examine the effects of antioxidant vitamins on aflatoxin B_1 accumulation in mice serum. For this work, vitamin C and vitamin E were injected with 10mg and 63,8mg per kg of body weight, respectively, through intraperitoneal(i.p.) injection to 6 week old male ICR mice. After 1 hour administration of both vitamins, 0.4mg/kg of AFB_1 was injected by the same method. These administrations were repeated every 2 days over a period of 7 days(AFB_1 plus vitamins treated groups). On the other hand, the control group was injected only with AFB_1 by the same method without vitamins. The contents of AFB_1 in mice serum were determined by indirect competitive ELISA and HPLC. At the quantitative analysis of AFB_1 in mice serum by ELISA, 12.28ng/ml and 18.78ng/ml of AFB_1 were detected in AFB_1 treated groups, but 7.60ng/ml and 4.85ng/ml of AFB_1 were detected in AFB_1 plus vitamin C and vitamin E treated groups, respectively. HPLC analysis of AFB_1 in mice serum showed also a similar tendency as follows: 14.93, 17.33ng/ml of AFB_1 in AFB_1 treated group and 7.93ng/ml and 9.69ng/ml AFB_1 in AFB_1 plus vitamin C and vitamin E treated groups, respectively. Statistical significance was p<0.01. With regard to these data, antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E significantly reduced AFB_1 in mice serum.

비타민 D, 폐경여성에서의 역할

정수호 순천향의학연구소 2008 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.2

Types of Vitamin D is ergocalciferol(vitamin D2), cholecalciferol(vitamin D3), and calcitriol(1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3). As adults age, the ability to make vitamin D through the skin decreases and people who are housebound and experience no sunlight exposure are unable to make vitamin D and get little weight bearing exercise. Vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, is currently the subject of controversy. Its role in preventing vitamin D deficiency, rickets is undisputed but how much vitamin D is required for maintaining bone strength is unclear. And the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for preventing hip and other fracture in healthy postmenopausal women remains equivocal. Recently, calcium and vitamin D supplementation was the treatment of choice for preventing fractures and fall in the elderly. Recommended intake for more than 50, vitamin D3 is 800-1000 IU/day and calcium is 1200 mg/day. This article is to evaluate a role of vitamin D at the period of the menopause in women

Vitamin D Status and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated with Pelvic Floor Disorders in Women

( Jae Hyung Ahn ),( Yoo Hun Noh ),( Kyung Joo Um ),( Hyo Sun Kim ),( Sook Cho ) 대한폐경학회 2018 대한폐경학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Objectives: To investigate if vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and circulating vitamin D levels are associated with pelvic floor disorders (PFDs). Methods: In this case-control study, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) serum levels were analyzed in 47 females with PFDs and 87 healthy females (controls), respectively. The VDR gene polymorphisms were determined by using polymerase chain reaction and performing digestions with 4 restriction enzymes i.e., ApaI, TaqI, FokI, and BsmI. Vitamin D levels of patients were divided into <20 ng/mL, 20 to 30 ng/mL, and ≥30 ng/mL categories. Results: Our correlative analysis of VDR polymorphisms as a function of the presence of PFD showed that ApaI and BsmI polymorphisms were significantly associated with PFD in vitamin-D-deficiency and insufficiency groups (P < 0.05). Mean vitamin D levels did not differ between the PFD case (13.01 ± 0.84 ng/mL) and control (15.11 ± 1.04 ng/mL) groups (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the distribution of vitamin D levels between study group and controls using Pearson’s x2 test (< 20 ng/mL, 20-30 ng/mL, and >30 ng/mL: 87.2%, 12.8%, and 0% in the study group and 75.9%, 16.1%, and 8.0% in controls, respectively, P < 0.05). Taken together, our observations suggest that vitamin D levels could be associated with PFDs and that 2 polymorphisms (i.e., ApaI and BsmI) in the VDR gene may contribute to an increased prevalence of PFDs in women with insufficient levels of vitamin D. Conclusions: Examining vitamin D levels and performing a VDR genotype analysis may be helpful for assessing PFD risk. (J Menopausal Med 2018;24:119-126)

사료용 비타민제의 피복을 위한 aerothermal fluidization spraying(ATFS) system의 개발

이무준,이준엽,김창혁,오상집 강원대학교 동물생명과학연구소(구 강원대학교 동물자원공동연구소) 2004 동물자원연구 Vol.15 No.-

Hybridization system, Spraying chamber coating system and aerothermal fluidization spraying (ATFS) system, were tested to find an economic and practical method for vitamin coating. Ae coating by hybridization was done by commercial hybridizer. But both spraying chamber and aerothermal fluidization spraying system were developed by authors for this test. Two vitamins, Vit. E and Vit. C, were employed for coating with four different coating materials, such as eudragit, corn zein, ethylcellulose and gelatin. Coating by hybridization was unsuccessful due to high intake velocity, temperature increase, and bridge formation between vitamin particles. Spraying chamber system was marginally successful to coat vitamins. But the quality of coated vitamin was poor possibly because of the failure of uniform mixing between vitamin and coating materials inside the chamber. Vitamin coating was successfully achieved by ATFS system. The system enables to give not only uniform mixing between coating material and vitamin, but also drying of coated vitamin and uniform diffusion of vitamin particles by thermal aeration. This result was also confirmed through surface micrograph by scanning electron microscope. Therfore, the ATFS system can be considered as a practical system for coating sensitive materials such as vitamins as well as other feed additives.

사료내 비타민 A와 E의 계란내 이행시 상호작용과 비타민 A의 다량투여에 따른 계란 및 간내 함량 변화

강경래,이창환,남기택,강창원 한국가금학회 1994 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.21 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the interaction of vitamins A and E on their transfer from diet to chicken eggs and the effect of vitamin A flood-dosing on its concentration in eggs and livers. In Experiment I, forty-two 45-wk-old brown layers (Bobeock) were divided into seven groups and fed one of seven diets: control, three vitamin A supplemented diets(8, OOO, 16, 000, and 64, 000 IU /kg diet) or three vitamin E supplemented diets (50, 100, and 200 IU/kg diet). In Experiment II, a total of thirty-two 35-wk-old white layers (Hy-ine) were divided into four groups and fed one of four diets :control, vitamin A 20, 00O+vitamin E 200 TU /kg, vitamin A 50, O00+vitamin E 200 IU /kg or vitamin A 100, OO0+vitamin E 200 lU/kg supplemented diets. In Experiment III, a total of fifty-six 35-wk-old white layers (Hy-line) was divided into four groups and fed one of four diets: control or three vitamin A supplemented diets (80, 000, 120, 000 and 160, 000 lU/kg diet). In Experiment I, vitamin E levels of egg yolk in hens fed the vitamin A supplemented diets decreased as dietary vitamin A level increased (P<O.05). On the other hand, a slight reduction in vitamin A levels of egg yolks in hens fed the vitamin E supplemented diet for 4 wk of the experiment was recovered back to control level at wk 8 (P<0.05). In Experiment II, supplemental vitamin A markedly decreased the yolk deposition of vitamin E when two vitamins were supplemented simultaneously. The yolk deposition of vitamin A decreased as high level of vitamin E was supplemented, suggesting an antagonistic interaction between the two vitamins. In Experiment III, the concentration of liver vitamin A rapidly increased and then stabilized during wk 3 to 4 after starting the experiment. Vitamin A levels in egg yolk linearly increased up to wk 6. However, vitamin A level of egg yolk in hens fed the diets supplemented 160, 000 IU vitamin A/kg was significantly lower than those of hens receiving 120, 000 IU vitamin A/kg diet (P<0.05), indicating that megadosing of vitamin A more than 120, 000 IU /kg diet be uneconomical for its enrichment of chicken eggs.

Enrichment of Vitamins $D_3$, K and Iron in Eggs of Laying Hens

Park, S.W.,Namkung, H.,Ahn, H.J.,Paik, I.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.2

An experiment was conducted to produce eggs enriched with vitamins $D_3$, K and iron in eggs. Six hundred 97-wk-old ISA Brown force molted hens were allocated to completely randomized block arrangement of six dietary treatments: T1; control (C), T2; C+4,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+2.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T3; C+8,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+5.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T4; C+12,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+7.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T5; C+16,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+10.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T6; C+20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+12.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe. Fe was supplemented with Fe-methionine. Each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages with two birds per cage. Egg production and egg weight were highest in T2 and incidence of soft and broken egg was highest in T6. Haugh unit was not different among treatments although it tended to be increased as dietary vitamins $D_3$ and K increased. Eggshell strength was not different among treatment. Concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and K in egg yolk increased and plateaued approximately 20 days after feeding supplemented diets. The level of these vitamins peaked at 12,000 IU/kg vitamin $D_3$ and 7.5 mg/kg vitamin K supplementation and then decreased at the higher than these supplementation levels. The peak concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and vitamin K were 4.6 times and 4.8 times greater than the control, respectively. Supplementary Fe also increased Fe content in egg yolk. It is concluded that vitamin $D_3$ and K in eggs can be effectively enriched by proper supplementation time and level of these vitamins.

이명 환자에서 경구 약물 치료에 병행한 Lasix-Vitamin-Dextran정맥 주사 및 Carbogen 흡입 요법의 치료 효과

황준연,홍영호,이세영,이정훈,문석균,박성윤 대한이비인후과학회 2006 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.49 No.3

Background and Objectives:Tinnitus is one of the most widespread and disturbing disorders of the auditory system. However, little is known about the physiological mechanism that causes tinnitus and there is no definite treatment. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the effect of Lasix-Vitamin and Carbogen inhalation therapy for tinnitus treatment and to determine their appropriate indications. Subjects and Method:From May 2004 through April 2005, 178 patients with subjective tinnitus were treated in two groups. One group was treated with Lasix-Vitamin and Carbogen inhalation therapy with oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract. The other group was treated with oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract at the Chung-Ang University Hospital. We compared the effectiveness of Lasix-Vitamin and Carbogen inhalation therapy for tinnitus on audiogram, tinnitogram, questionnare with that of other group. Results:There was no difference between the oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract therapy group and Lasix-Vitamin and Carbogen inhalation therapy with oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract therapy group with respect to age, sex, initial Tinnitus handicap inventory score and tinnitus characteristics. Whereas tinnitus was improved in 25 (31.3%) of 80 patients who were treated with oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract, subjective tinnitus was improved in 69 (70.4%) of 98 patients who were treated with Lasix-Vitamin and Carbogen inhalation therapy in addition to oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract. The effect of each therapy was significantly different between two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion:We suggest that intravenous Lasix- Vitamin-Dextran and Carbogen inhalation therapy be used in addition to oral Vitamin and Ginkgo biloba extract as an effective treatment for subjective tinnitus. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2006;49:269-73)

사료 비타민 A와 E의 계란내 이행에 관한 연구

강창원,강경래,남기택 한국가금학회 1995 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

Vitarnin A levels of egg yolk from hens fed diets supplemented with vitamin A increased slowly up to Week 4, while the values rapidly increased thereafter. The highest value(360% of initial value) was observed at Week 8 in birds fed 64,000 IU of vitamin A/kg diet. On the other hand, the contents of vitamin E in egg yolk rapidly increased in the first 2 weeks of the experiment and then stabilized up to Week 8. However, the efficiency of egg transfer decreased(P<0.05) as dietary vitamins A and E levels increased. It took at least 4 weeks for the increased levels of vitamin A and E in eggs from hens fed diets supplemented with each vitamin to recover the normal levels. Vitamin E levels of egg yolk in hens fed the vitamin A supplemented diets decreased as dietary vitamin A level increased (P<0.05). On the other hand, a slightly reduced levels of vitamin A levels of egg yolks from hens fed the vitamin E supplemented diet for 4 weeks of experiment was recovered back to control level at Week 8(P<0.05). Supplemental vitamin A markedly decreased the yolk deposition of vitamin F when two vitamins were supplemented simultaneously. The yolk deposition of vitamin A decreased as high level of vitamin B was supplemented, suggesting an antagonistic interactions between the two vitamins.

이중 캡이 적용된 비타민 음료저장 병뚜껑 디자인 제안 -선행설계와 프로토타이핑 과정을 중심으로-

박기철,최수현 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6

The active ingredients of vitamins are easily deteriorated or oxidized when exposed to sunlight or if they contact oxygen. Both domestic and international companies add an extra amount of nutrients on top of what’s written on the label concerning that the nutrients of vitamin beverages might be compromised in the production and distribution process. This can indeed lead to excessive consumption of vitamins. Hence, this study sets up three objectives; 1) to protect vitamins from sunlight by designing a beverage lid with a storage unit, 2) to prevent vitamin oxidation by moisture, 3) and to ensure the product’s consistency of vitamin content and accuracy of ingredient labeling. Prior to design, products with vitamin caps and patented design with similar purposes to this study were investigated. Then the items with the same structures were grouped for comparative analysis. Based on the analysis of the Pain Point in the previous cases, the bottle cap was designed to reflect the following three things. 1) Structural design of the cap itself without additional structure at the mouth of the bottle, 2) A structure in which contents can be dropped regardless of vitamin form, 3) induce users to behave naturally through a simple structure and intuitive design. The devised design has a dual structure, divided into upper and lower parts. A semicircle-shaped vitamin storage unit is placed on the upper part, and the corresponding semicircular space exists in the lower part so that vitamins can fall. In order for the contents to be dropped simultaneously as the cap opened, the upper part spins 180 degrees independently first, from the lower part starts to rotate together until the end. Through prototyping using a 3D printer, later experiments are conducted to test whether the product works with all forms of the vitamin such as solid, powder, liquid. 비타민의 유효성분은 햇빛에 노출되거나 산소와 만나면 쉽게 파괴되거나 산화된다. 국내·외에서 모두비타민 음료의 영양성분이 생산, 유통과정에서 파괴될 것을 우려하여 라벨표시보다 과도하게 영양성분을 첨가하는 사례가 발견되었는데, 이러한 현상은 비타민 과잉섭취로 이어질 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 1) 저장부를 갖는 음료 뚜껑을 디자인하여 비타민을 햇빛으로부터 보호하고, 2) 수분에 의한 비타민 산화를 방지하며, 3) 제품별 비타민 함량의 일관성과 성분표시의 정확성을 확보하는 것을 목표로 한다. 디자인에 앞서, 본 연구와 비슷한 목적을 가진 비타민 뚜껑이 적용되어있는 제품들과 특허로등록되어있는 디자인들을 조사해 본 후 같은 구조끼리 묶어 비교 분석하였다. 이후 기존 사례들의Pain Point 발굴을 바탕으로 다음 세 가지가 반영된 병뚜껑을 디자인하였다. 1) 병 입구에 추가 구조가 없는 뚜껑 자체만의 구조설계, 2) 비타민 제형에 상관없이 내용물 투입이 가능한 구조, 3) 직관적인 디자인을 통해 사용자의 자연스러운 행동을 유도. 디자인 구조는 이중 구조로, 상부와 하부로 나뉜다. 상부에는 반원 형태의 비타민 저장공간이 존재하고, 하부에는 비타민이 아래로 떨어질 수 있도록반원 형태의 빈 공간이 존재한다. 내용물이 뚜껑 개봉과 동시에 투하되는 구조를 위해 상부가 먼저 단독으로 180 회전한 후, 상부와 하부가 함께 회전할 수 있도록 하였다. 이후 3D 프린팅을 통해 프로토타입을 제작하였고 고체, 분말, 액체의 모든 제형에 적용 가능한지 테스트해 보는 내용으로 연구를진행하였다.