The Effect of Weight Stress on Weight Control Behavior in Adult Women after Post-COVID-19

박채린,김현경,김다현,한채정 한국비교정부학회 2022 한국비교정부학보 Vol.26 No.3

(Purpose) This research analyzed the effect of the post-COVID-19 weight control stress of female adults on weight control behavior. (Design/methodology/approach) To collect materials for this research, online and offline surveys were conducted for women for 26 days from May 26∼to Jun 20, 2022. Questionnaires were distributed to 488 female adults in their 20s~60s. Excluding 41 respondents who were not sincere in responding to the questionnaire, 447 questionnaires were used for this research. The survey adopted a self-evaluation that each respondent wrote down for each question. (Findings) As a result of examining the differences in post-COVID-19 weight stress depending on the general characteristics of research subjects, differences in post-COVID-19 weight stress depending upon age, weight, and education were significant, while differences depending upon the marital state, occupation, and monthly income were none. As a result of examining the differences in post-COVID-19 dietary control change depending on the general characteristics of research subjects, differences in post-COVID-19 dietary control change depending on age, weight, and education were significant, while differences depending upon the marital state, occupation, and monthly income were none. As a result of examining the differences in post-COVID-19 exercise change depending on the general characteristics of research subjects, the difference in post-COVID-19 exercise change depending on occupation was significant, while differences in post-COVID-19 exercise change depending on age, weight, marital state, education, and monthly income were insignificant at the 5% significance level. As a result of investigating the correlation of post-COVID-19 weight stress with the dietary control change and exercise change, the post-COVID-19 dietary control change and weight stress turned out to have a very high positive correlation, and the post-COVID-19 exercise change and weight stress also turned out to have a significant positive correlation. As a result of investigating the effect of post-COVID-19 weight stress on the dietary control change, the post-COVID-19 weight stress turned out to have a significant effect on the dietary control change. As a result of investigating the effect of post-COVID-19 weight stress on exercise change, it is possible to see that the higher the post-COVID-19 weight stress is, the greater the exercise change is. (Research implications or Originality) This research investigates the weight control stress women feel and their weight control behavior changes (diet, exercise, and weight control) in the changing stream of life due to COVID-19 and examines the relation of the recognition improvement regarding healthy weight and the prolonged pandemic with weight change.

포스트 길이가 치근내 응력분산에 미치는 영향에 관한 삼차원 유한요소법적 연구

최수용,이선형,양재호,정헌영,Choi, Soo-Yong,Lee, Sun-Hyung,Yang, Jae-Ho,Chung, Hun-Young 대한치과보철학회 1995 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.33 No.2

The endodontically treated tooth is generally restored with post & core, owing to the brittleness and the loss of large amount of tooth structure. Although there have been lots of studies about the endodontically treated teeth, the three-dimensional quantitative studies about the strees distribution of them are in rare cases. In this study, it was assumed that the coronal portion of the upper incisou had severely damaged. After the root canal therapy it was post cored, and restored with PFM crown, for this experiment nine types of model were constructed : 1); long, 2); medium, 3); short gold post for the roots supported with a narmal alveolar bone, 4); long, 5); medium, 6); short gold post for the roots supported with an alveolar bone resorbed to its 1/3 of root length, 7); long, 8); medium, 9); short base metal post for the roots supported with an alveolar bone resorbed to its 1/3 of root length. Force was applied from two directions. One was functional maximum bite force(300N) applied to the spot just lingual to the incisal edge with the angle of 45 degrees to the long axis of the tooth, and the other one was horizontal force(300N) applied to the labial surface. The results analyzed with three-dimensional finite element method were as follows : 1. Stress was concentrated on the middle portion of the labial side dentin of the root and the lingual portion of the apical dentin of the root. Stress in the post showed maximum value at 2 mm above the post apex. 2. In case of the long post and base metal post, strees was concentrated on the apex of the root and the post. 3. In case of the longer post, the displacement on the post-cement interface was lessened. The gold post was more displaceable than the base metal post. 4. In case of the alveolar bone resorption, stress concentrated on the root and the post and displacement on the post-cement interface were increased.

포스트 모던에 나타난 패러디 건축과 패션이미지 비교 분석에 관한 연구

우세희 ( Se Hee Wu ),김혜경 ( Rye Kyung Kim ) 한국패션디자인학회 2005 한국패션디자인학회지 Vol.5 No.2

Under the assumption that arts are creative but only repeated, the originality of artists is neg ated. And their value has made a greater progress from the dichotomy of ``creation`` and ``plagiarism and comes to a forefront together with citation and borrowing, parody. pastiche. irony, playfulness and the like. Especially, it is understood that the phenomenon of parody is accepted as the characteristics phenomenon in the post-m odem cultural phenomenon, in which they have the aspect that they becomes consistent with each. Fashion and architecture have developed as the product of human behavior over the long history. Both fashion and architecture have the commonality that they are based on the identical form principle of fine arts and especially has something in common in that they serves to form the space containing the human body and mind. Therefore, this study made a comparative analysis of post-modern architecture and fashion based on the characteristics found in the phenomenon of parody and carried out theprocess of their application. And it attempted to deal with them with an em phasis on the creative value of desig n giving the phenomenon of parody. The retro nature of post-modern architecture and fashion can be explained in conjunction with the tendency of historicism. Here, the retro nature is that the process of parodying is applied for post-m odem architecture and fashion to borrow only the imag e and have new expressiveness according to the ultimate purpose of delivering pastness rather than reproduce the past image. Like this, the characteristics of post-m odernism and the parody technique subtlely is consistent. When they were applied to the image phenomenon of both post-m odern architecture and fashion, the following findings were obtained: First, the retro nature of post-modern architecture and fashion can be explained in conjunction with the tendency of historicism, Here, the retro nature is that the process of parodying is applied for post-m odern architecture and fashion to borrow only the imag e and have new expressiveness according to the ultimate purpose of delivering pastness rather than reproduce the past im age, According Iy, to take an illustration, there are the case that the work is expressed in fashion through its parody, or the case that the diverse artistic styles are parodied in fashion, or the case that past typical fashion style is transformed and parodied, Second, the plurality of post-modern architecture and fashion showing the open-mined attitude of getting away from the existing traditional framework and admitting variability and relativity comprehensively accommodates the object applicable to fashion design, That is, it is the example that both post-modern architecture and fashion transformed the existing use and had unexpectedness and irony by parodying the object to fashion, Third, both post-modern architecture and fashion take the eclectic tendency experimentally combining the existing post-modern im age and future style, They are reflected in post-m odern architecture and fashion and come to appear in a form of parody which parody fashion representing its expressiveness and its opposed image exists.

지적장애인 및 발달장애인을 위한 중등이후 교육: 미국 대학 내 프로그램을 중심으로

김은하,박승희 한국특수교육학회 2010 특수교육학연구 Vol.45 No.3

This study is a literature and program review study on post-secondary education for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Two types of the data used for this study include peer-reviewed articles, published from 2000 to 2009, on the post-secondary education for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities and post-secondary education programs which are currently implemented throughout colleges in the USA. 32 articles and 23 different post-secondary education programs in colleges were selected based on the pre-determined criteria for the review of this study. The contents of post-secondary education articles were categorized into 5 distinct themes; the overview of post-secondary education and programs, post-secondary education related laws, the transition into the post-secondary education, the supports provided in post-secondary settings, and other post-secondary education related issues. The models of the post-secondary education programs were classified into 3 different models including substantially separate model, mixed program model, and inclusive and individual support model. The operation of post-secondary education programs was analyzed with 6 aspects including settings, staffs, funding, referral and practice for enrollment, program components and program evaluation. An overview of 23 different post-secondary education programs in colleges was summarized. Issues related to the implementation of the post-secondary education programs in colleges constitute logistical issues, inclusion in college classes, job training issues, lack of interagency collaboration, lack of follow-up and documentation and other issues. Finally, some suggestions for the advancement of developing and implementing of the post-secondary education programs for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Korea were provided. 본 연구는 지적장애인 및 발달장애인의 중등이후(post-secondary)교육 프로그램에 대한 문헌 연구로서 중등이후 교육 관련 연구논문(2000-2009년)과 미국 대학 내 중등이후 교육 프로그램의 실제를 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 연구자료는 2가지로 논문과 실제 프로그램이었는데 각기 선정기준에 의거하여 미국의 중등이후 교육 관련 논문 총 32편과 전국 대학 내의 23가지 중등이후 교육 프로그램이 선정되었다. 중등이후 교육 논문의 연구주제는 크게 5가지: 중등이후 교육의 개관과 프로그램, 중등이후 교육과 관련한 법률, 중등이후 교육으로의 전환, 중등이후 교육의 다양한 지원, 기타 중등이후 교육과 관련한 쟁점으로 분류되었다. 중등이후 교육 프로그램의 개관은 프로그램 유형, 운영, 프로그램의 실례를 중심으로 알아보았다. 중등이후 교육 프로그램 유형은 실질적 분리모델, 혼합 프로그램 모델, 통합적 및 개별적 지원 모델로 나눌 수 있었으며, 프로그램 운영은 환경, 스텝, 재정, 입학의뢰 및 입학의 실제, 프로그램의 구성요소 및 프로그램의 평가라는 6가지 측면에서 살펴보았다. 대학 내 프로그램 실례는 장소, 대상, 기금, 스템, 교육내용 및 교육과정으로 요약되었다. 중등이후 교육 프로그램의 실행에 관한 쟁점은 프로그램 실행관련 문제, 대학 수업에 통합되는 문제, 직업훈련 관련 쟁점, 기관간 협력의 결여, 프로그램의 사후지도 및 문서화 결여 및 기타쟁점으로 지적될 수 있었다. 끝으로 본 연구는 국내의 지적장애인 및 발달장애인을 포함한 중도장애인을 위한 중등이후 교육의 개념정립, 정책 수립 및 다양한 프로그램 개발과 실시의 필요성이 높은 현 시점에 시의적으로 유용한 기초 자료를 처음으로 제공하는 의의를 가지며 우리나라 중도장애인의 중등이후 교육의 활성화와 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

고려·조선 초기 영암지역 역로망과 역원 - ‘영보월(永保)’명 기와 출토 유적과 관련하여 -

한정훈 ( Han Jeong-hun ) 호남사학회(구 전남사학회) 2021 역사학연구 Vol.82 No.-

고려·조선시대에 서해와 남해를 잇는 교통입지에 자리한 영암지역의 역로는 연근해 항로만큼 활용 가치가 높았다. 고려시대 영암 동북쪽에서 오림역(烏林驛)을 통과해 나주에 이르는 ‘오림역로’에 더해 조선 초기에는 신안역이 신설되면서 ‘신안역로’가 추가 개통되었다. 이렇게 15세기 전반기에 역원(驛院)의 확충이나 고갯길의 정비 등을 통해 역로망이 재편되었다. 세조 초기에는 영보역 중심의 ‘영보도(永保道)’라는 역도망도 짧게나마 운영되었다. 영암 영보역(永保驛)은 벽사도(碧沙道)·영보도·청암도(靑巖道)로 소속 역도가 바뀌는 과정을 거치면서 인근 고을을 연결하는 중심 교통시설로 성장하였다. 위의 내용과 관련하여 영보역 터일 가능성이 제기된 영암군 덕진면 노송리유적에 관해서도 검토하였다. ‘영보역(永保驛)’명 기와편을 비롯한 여러 유물을 분석한 결과, 해당 유적은 영보역 보다 사찰과 관련된 시설일 가능성이 큰 것으로 이해하였다. 또한 고려시대에 영암에서 나주로 향하던 ‘오림역로’ 상의 고갯길 초입에 위치한 보현원(普賢院)일 것으로 추정하였다. The post road of Yeongam county, located at the transportation location connecting the Yellow Sea with the Southern Sea in the Goryeo dynasty and the Joseon dynasty was highly useful enough to be considered as valuable as the coastal route. In addition to 'Orim Post Road', a path from the northeast of Yeongam through the Orim post(烏林驛) to Naju in the Goyeo dynasty, the Sinan post(新安驛) was newly built in the early Joseon dynasty, so 'Sinan Post Road' was additionally opened. As such, the post roads were reorganized by extending yeonkwon(驛院) or maintaining uphill passes in the first half of the 15th century. In the early period of King Sejo, 'Yeongbo Road(永保道)', a post road network around the Yeongbo post was also shortly operated. The Yeongbo post in Yeongam grew as a central transportation facility connecting neighboring counties, as post roads that it belonged to were changed from the Byeongsa road(碧沙道) through the Yeongbo road to the Cheongam road(靑巖道). In this regard, this study also examined the Nosong-ri relics in Deokjin-myeon, Yeongam-gun, which might be the potential site of the Yeongbo post. From an analysis of many artifacts including tiles with the name of 'Yeongbo Post(永保驛)', it was understood that the relics might be likely to be a facility related to a temple, rather than to the Yeongbo post. In addition, it was also presumed as the Bohyeonwon(普賢院) located at the entrance of the uphill pass on 'Orim Post Road' connecting Yeongman to Naju in the Goryeo dynasty.

역경후 성장과 적응 모형 검증 : 중년기 성인을 대상으로

이옥희,이지연 한국인간발달학회 2015 人間發達硏究 Vol.22 No.3

This study investigated the structural relationship among variables concerning post-traumatic growth(challenge of core belief, centrality of event, intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, psychological pain, post-traumatic growth, meaning in life, and satisfaction with life), based on the post-traumatic growth model(Tirplett et al., 2012). The subjects of study were 617 men and women of mid-life, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. As the result of study, there were generally three route-processes that reached post-traumatic growth and adaptation. In the first route in which the challenge of core belief reached post-traumatic growth and adaptation, it was verified that deliberate rumination was a meaningful factor to reach post-traumatic growth. In the second route in which centrality of event reached post-traumatic growth and adaptation, it was verified that centrality of event’ was an important variable in prediction of post-traumatic growth, rather than the challenge of core belief, and meaning in life intermediated satisfaction with life in post-traumatic growth. In the third route, it was verified that centrality of event had negative influences on post-traumatic growth and adaptation. These consequences suggest that growth and pain may coexist after post-traumatic experience. And they implies that intrusive rumination causes psychological pain, but deliberate rumination leads us to post-traumatic growth. Also they represent that meaning in life guides us to satisfaction with life, rather than post-traumatic growth is directly connected with satisfaction with life.

헌법재판으로서 국민투표소송

허완중 전남대학교 법학연구소 2016 법학논총 Vol.36 No.4

국민은 선거와 국민투표를 통해서만 국가권력을 직접 행사한다. 여기서 국민투표는넓은 뜻의 국민투표를 가리키는데, 국가의 의사형성이나 정책결정, 국가적 중요사항에관한 국민의 직접적 참여수단을 모두 아우른다. 국민투표소송은 이러한 국민투표의 효력을 다투는 재판절차를 말한다. 국민투표는 직접민주주의의 일반적 실현형태로서 그헌법적 중요성은 의문의 여지가 없다. 하지만 국민투표소송은 헌법학계는 물론 행정법학계에서도 거의 다루지 않는다. 다만, 행정법학계에서 민중소송의 하나로 언급하는 정도이다. 이것은 국민투표 자체가 아주 드물게 시행되는 데다가 국민투표소송은 그 판례를 찾기도 어렵다는 점에서 비롯된 것으로 보인다. 그러나 국민의 직접적 주권 행사나국가의사 결정에 관한 직접 참여와 관련 있는 국민투표소송이 이렇게 무시되어서는 아니 될 것이다. 국민투표소송은 선거소송과 비슷한 점이 많기는 하지만, 대의제와 관련이 있는 선거소송과는 다른 점도 적지 않다. 국민투표소송은 헌법개정 국민투표소송과중요정책 국민투표소송으로 나뉜다. 법률상 국민투표소송은 행정소송의 하나인 민중소송으로 분류된다. 그러나 국민투표소송은 여러 가지 측면에서 행정소송과 다르다. 국민투표소송은 독립한 기관이 헌법과 실질적 헌법인 법률을 기준으로 사법절차나 그에 버금가는 절차로써 일반사법기관이 판단하기 어렵고 헌법구조상 중요한 헌법분쟁인 국민투표에 관한 분쟁을 종국적으로 결정하는 것이다. 따라서 국민투표소송은 헌법재판의모든 개념요소를 충족한다. 이러한 점에서 국민투표소송은 이론상 헌법재판에 해당한다. 이러한 관점에서 헌법재판을 전문적으로 담당하는 헌법재판소가 설립된 이상 국민투표소송도 헌법재판소가 담당하는 것이 바람직하다. 헌법 제101조 제1항이 사법권을법관으로 구성된 법원에 속한다고 한다. 하지만 여기서 사법권은 전통적인 사법권으로헌법재판권을 아우르지 않는다. 그리고 헌법 제111조 제1항은 헌법재판소의 권한을 한정하는 것도 아니다. 이러한 점에서 법률을 통해서 헌법재판소에 국민투표재판권을 부여하는 것은 헌법적으로 문제가 없다. The People directly exercises their power only through vote and referendum. Referendum here means, in a broad sense, direct participation tools to engage in establishing the nation's will, policy decisions and important national matters. Post-referendum litigation is a judicial proceeding where the effects of the referendum are disputed. There is no question about the constitutional importance of referendum as a general form of direct democracy. Nonetheless, post-referendum litigation is rarely discussed among administrative law scholars as well as constitutional law scholars. It is merely mentioned as one type of public litigation in administrative law. This attributes to the fact that referendum is very rarely conducted and there is little case regarding postreferendum litigation. However, post-referendum litigation, which relates to direct exercise of popular sovereignty and direct engagement in national decision-making procedure, should not be ignored this way. Post-referendum litigation and electoral litigation share many things in common, but differences still remain as electoral litigation relates to representative system. Post-referendum litigation falls into two categories-referendum for constitutional amendment and referendum for important national policies. Post-referendum litigation is legally considered as public litigation which is one type of administrative litigation. However, post-referendum litigation is different from administrative litigation in many respects. Post-referendum litigation leads to a final and ultimate determination by an independent institution in the judicial proceeding or similar proceeding based on the constitution or statutes that function as the constitution in substance on the disputes over referendum, which are difficult for general courts to decide and also are important constitutional disputes in the constitutional system. Accordingly, post-referendum litigation meets all required elements of constitutional adjudication. In this regard, post-referendum litigation is constitutional adjudication in theory. In light of the above and to the extent that the court specializing in constitutional adjudication has been established, the constitutional court should take charge of post-referendum litigation. Article 101 section 1 stipulates that judicial power belongs to the judiciary consisting of judges. However, the judicial power here means the power of the judiciary in traditional sense that does not include the power of constitutional adjudication. And Article 111 section 1 does not limit the power of the constitutional court. In this sense, it is not constitutionally problematic to vest the adjudication power over post-referendum litigation in the constitutional court.

디지털 게임으로 포스트휴먼 상상하기: <니어: 오토마타>에서 나타나는포스트게임성을 중심으로

이승제,이대영,정의준 인문콘텐츠학회 2017 인문콘텐츠 Vol.0 No.47

Because of science technology development, approaches and discourses of post-human which are discussed in the science fiction are emerging. Science fiction is a valuable area to discussion of post-human but digital games didn't considered. Ways and descriptions of imagine and expression for post-human in the digital game was discussed in this paper with three analysis phases. First, existing media’s expressions about post-human was checked after looking at post-human’s definition and analysis. it revealed dichotomous views of man and the advantage of understanding post-human through digital game. Second, two figure of the digital game for experiencing post-human in the view of post-game were presented by Jonathan Boulter was examined. Those mean the digital game is good experience of post-human and those meaning can be amplified through the enjoying game world in the view of post-human. Third, post-human’s reappearance and experience in the 「Nier: Automata」 was analyzed. Interface and system are considered as a game’s characteristics. And changes of players' identity and perception were analyzed, too. As a result, experiencing post-human in the digital game can be taken apart through the half-breed identity, and this experience can enlarge the thinking of post-human. This result help post-game's posting into the humanities study and the understanding post-human. 과학기술의 발전에 힘입어, 공상과학 속에서만 논의되던 포스트휴먼에 대한 현실적인 접근과 담론이 부상하고 있다. SF는 포스트휴먼을 바라보는 사회적 논의와시선을 상징적으로 대변하고 있다는 점에서 학술적 가치가 뛰어나지만, 그 연구분야가 주로 문학, 영화 등에 국한되어 왔다는 한계를 갖고 있다. 특히 현대적인미디어인 게임에서 포스트휴먼이 어떻게 묘사되고 체험될 수 있는지에 관한 연구는미진한 편이었다. 본고는 포스트휴먼을 상상하고 재현하는 디지털 게임만의 방식이무엇인지, 또 어떤 특징을 갖고 있는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구 분석은 크게세 가지 단계로 이루어졌다. 첫째, 포스트휴먼의 정의와 해석들을 살펴본 뒤, 기존 미디어가 어떻게 포스트휴먼을 묘사하고 있는지를 점검하였다. 해당 작업은 포스트휴먼 이해에 있어 디지털게임이 가지는 독특한 강점을 이해하고, 포스트휴먼을 바라보는 강력한 선입견 중하나인 이분법적 인간관을 드러내기 위해 진행되었다. 둘째, 조나단 불터가 제시한포스트게임의 관점에서, 포스트휴먼 체험을 강화하는 디지털 게임의 두 가지 특징을살펴보았다. 본고는 포스트게임성을 강화하고 포스트휴먼의 이해와 체험을 독려하는 디지털 게임의 특성을 첫째, 호모 센수스적 매체 특성 둘째, 포스트휴먼-되기의적합성으로 설명하였다. 해당 장에서는 디지털 게임 이용이 그 자체로 포스트휴먼에친화적인 체험이며, 포스트휴먼의 입장에서 게임 세계를 향유함으로써 그 의미가증폭될 수 있음을 논했다. 세 번째, 상기한 논의를 바탕으로 2017년 대표적인 SF게임인 <니어:오토마타>에서 나타나는 포스트휴먼의 재현과 체험 양상을 분석하였다. 분석 과정에서는 인터페이스 및 시스템 분석 등 게임의 고유한 특징들이 함께고려되었으며, 포스트휴먼 체험과정 속에서 이용자의 정체성과 지각이 어떻게 변화해 나가는지를 중점적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 포스트휴먼에 관한 인간 중심적 시선은 혼종적 정체성의 변주 과정을통해 해체될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이용자는 포스트휴먼의 입장에서 게임 세계를경험함으로써, 인간이라는 현실적 조건에서 잠시 이탈해 보다 폭넓은 시선으로 포스트휴먼을 조망하게 된다. 본고의 연구 결과는 포스트게임의 인문적 가능성을 제고하고 나아가 디지털 게임이 포스트휴먼 이해를 위한 유용한 도구가 될 수 있음을 나타내었다.

외상 후 스트레스로서의 폭력 피해를 경험한 교사의 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인: 자기노출과 성장적 반추의 매개효과 및 사회적 지지의 조절효과

김신영 ( Kim Sin Yeong ),오인수 ( Oh In Soo ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2018 교사교육연구 Vol.57 No.3

본 연구는 학생으로부터 폭력을 경험한 교사의 스트레스와 외상 후 성장의 관계에서 자기 노출, 성장적 반추, 사회적 지지가 미치는 영향과 이를 통해 폭력을 경험한 교사의 외상 후 성장을 돕는 상담적 개입방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 수도권에 위치한 중·고등학교의 교사 404명을 대상으로 학생에게 당한 폭력 피해 경험, 사회적지지, 자기 노출, 외상 후 스트레스, 성장적 반추 그리고 외상 후 성장의 정도를 측정하여 중다회귀분석 및 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 성장적 반추의 완전매개효과와 사회적 지지의 주효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 학생으로부터 폭력 피해를 경험한 교사의 경우 외상 후 스트레스를 성장적 반추를 통해 재해석 할 경우 외상 후 성장으로 변화될 수 있음을 시사하며, 피해 교사를 상담할 경우 피해 교사가 의도적·건설적으로 피해 사건을 재해석 하도록 돕는다면 외상 후 성장이 일어날 가능성이 높아진다고 볼 수 있다. 한편 사회적 지지에서 조절효과는 나타나지 않았으나 주효과를 확인할 수 있었는데, 이는 주변의 지지가 외상 후 성장에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구는 최근 교권침해사례가 증가하는 상황에서 학생으로부터 폭력을 경험한 교사의 외상 후 스트레스에 대한 내적, 외적 보호요인을 확인한 점에서 의의를 지닌다. 또한 연구의 결과에 기초하여 폭력 피해 교사를 상담할 경우 피해 교사의 성장적 반추를 촉진하는 인지적 상담 기법과 사회적 지지를 촉진하는 지지체계강화의 필요성을 실증적으로 제시한 점에서 의의를 지닌다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-disclosure, rumination and social support on the relationship between post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth of teachers who experienced violence from students. In addition, this study suggests a counseling intervention to facilitate post-traumatic growth of teachers who experienced violence. The subjects were 404 middle and high school teachers in the metropolitan area. The multiple regression and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted based on questionnaires measuring severity of violence, social support, self-disclosure, post-traumatic stress, rumination and post-traumatic growth. As a result of the analysis, full mediation effect of rumination and the main effect of social support were found. These results suggest that the post-traumatic stress can be sublimated into post-traumatic growth if the teacher who experienced violence damage from the student re-conceptualizes the post-traumatic stress through rumination. If teachers who experienced violence receives counseling like facilitating themselves to confront and reinterpret the traumatic incident intentionally or constructively, it would be helpful for them to experience post-traumatic growth, which means rumination occurs. This study is meaningful as not only it found which kind of internal and external factors are needed in converting post-traumatic stress to post-traumatic growth for teachers victimized by violence from student, but also it gives insight for effective counseling interventions for the teachers in terms of post-traumatic growth.

다양한 포스트와 코어의 물성이 근관치료된 치근의 응력분산에 미치는 영향

조진현,이청희,Cho Jin-Hyun,Lee Cheong-Hee 대한치과보철학회 2006 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Statement of problem : The various kinds of properties of post and core may affect the stress distribution to the root of endodontically treated teeth Purpose: To evaluate the influence of various kinds of properties of post and core to the stress distribution to the root of endodontically treated teeth. Material and methods: Mandibular first premolar, prepared by general shape of post and core with gold crown, was used to two dimensional axisymmetric modeling for finite element analysis. Then property values of 8 different kinds of post and core was substituted for each. Finally, stress distribution shown areas around the root of post and core was analysed after applying 50N of vortical and oblique load. Results: 1. Stress value of oblique load was much higher than the maximum stress value of vertical load. 2. Under oblique load, very concentrated stress was located on post periapical area and variations in stress were very severe. Contrary to this, stress distribution was relatively uniform in vertical load. 3. Post materials with higher elastic modulus showed relatively more apically focused stress, and post materials with lower elastic modulus showed stress focused on cervical area on the axial wall of post. 4. Stress change according to the properties of core was shown only in the cervical area of post and below core as the higher elastic modulus, then increased in stress. 5. Post and core with medium value of elastic modulus showed relatively uniform stress distribution. Conclusions: Post materials with higher elastic modulus showed relatively more apically focused stress, and post materials with lower elastic modulus showed stress focused on cervical area on the axial wall of post. Stress change according to the properties of core was shown only in the cervical area of post and below core.