Spatiotemporal variations in macrofaunal assemblages linked to site-specific environmental factors in two contrasting nearshore habitats

Bae, Hanna,Lee, Jung-Ho,Song, Sung Joon,Ryu, Jongseong,Noh, Junsung,Kwon, Bong-Oh,Choi, Kyungsik,Khim, Jong Seong Elsevier 2018 Environmental pollution Vol.241 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A long-term study on a benthic community was conducted in two different localities, one in semi-enclosed bay of Jinhae (n = 10, south coast) and the other in open sea area of Samcheok (n = 10, east coast), Korea, respectively. We aimed to identify the spatiotemporal patterns of macrozoobenthos and the environmental variables influencing such patterns in the two contrasting habitats. The macrozoobenthos assemblages on the soft bottom of the subtidal zone were analyzed over the 3 years, encompassing 12 consecutive seasons, in 2013–2016. Among the 22 environmental variables measured, organic matter, dissolved oxygen, mean grain size, and water depth showed clear differences between two study areas. Accordingly, several ecological indices (such as the number of species, abundance, dominant species, and diversity index (<I>H</I>’)) generally reflected site-specific benthic conditions. The macrofaunal community in the Jinhae showed typical seasonal fluctuations, whereas the Samcheok community showed no significant change over time and space. Region- or site-dependent temporal variabilities of macrofaunal assemblages are depicted through cluster analysis (CA), indicating distinct temporal changes in the composition of dominant species. In particular, the abundance of some dominant species noticeably declined in certain seasons when several opportunistic species peaked. Such faunal succession might be explained by significant changes to specific environmental factors, such as bottom dissolved oxygen, grain size, and water depth. Principle component analysis further identified major environmental factors, i.e., sediment properties in Jinhae and water quality parameters in Samcheok community, respectively. In addition, discriminant analysis confirmed the presence of several site-specific parameters for the faunal assemblage groups identified through CA. Finally, indicator value analysis identified species that were representative across stations and regions in accordance with their habitat preference and/or species tolerance. Overall, the two contrasting nearshore habitats showed distinct community differences, in time and space, that were influenced by site-dependent environmental conditions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Addressed long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of macrozoobenthos in two contrasting habitats. </LI> <LI> Evidenced site-specific seasonal dynamics by species composition or several dominant species. </LI> <LI> Identified key factors of water quality and sediment properties linked to faunal assemblages. </LI> <LI> Confirmed opportunistic species and/or indicator species that prevailing in given environments. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

익산지역에서 황사발생시 PM_2.5, PM₁₀ TSP의 농도 특성

강공언,김남송,김경숙,김미경,이현주,Kang, Gong-Unn,Kim, Nam-Song,Kim, Kyung-Suk,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Lee, Hyun-Ju 한국환경보건학회 2007 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.33 No.5

The concentration characteristics of atmospheric particle matters (PM) including $PM_{2.5},\;PM_{10}$, and TSP were evaluated through the measurement data of PM_{2.5}$ (fine particulate), PM_{10-2.5}$ (coarse particulate), and PM_{over-10}$ collected using a MCI (multi-nozzle cascade impactor) sampler of a three-stage filter pack in spring of 2006 in Iksan area. During the sampling period of 10-15 March and 24 days from 8 April to 2 May, 32 samples for PM of each size fractions were collected, and then measured for PM mass concentrations and water-soluble inorganic ion species. Average concentrations of $PM_{2.5},\;PM_{10}$, TSP were $57.9{\pm}44.1mg/m^3$, $96.6{\pm}89.1mg/m^3$, and $114.8{\pm}99.7mg/m^3$, respectively. Water-soluble inorganic ion fractions to PM mass were found to be 36.5%, 18.0%, and 11.1% for $PM_{2.5}$, $PM_{10-2.5}$ and $PM_{over-10}$, respectively. By showing the high concentrations of PM samples during Asian dust events, those three fractions of PM were distinguished between the samples of Asian dust event and the samples of no event. However, the increase of PM concentrations observed during Asian dust events showed a different pattern for some Asian dust events. The differences of those three fractions in the size distribution may depend on differences on place of occurrence of Asian dust storm and course of transport from China continent to Iksan area in Korea. However, the extent of PM mass contribution during Asian dust events was generally dominated by the coarse particles rather than the fine fraction of PM. The variations of water-soluble inorganic ion species concentration in those three PM fractions between the samples of Asian dust event and the samples of no event were also discussed in this study.

Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea)-Quelpart Island revisited

Blakemore, Robert J. The National Institute of Biological Resources 2013 Journal of species research Vol.2 No.1

Surveys on Jeju-do (Quelpart Isl.) unearthed about 40 earthworm species or sub-species. Several considered new to science are described. Only a dozen were previously known and these are taxonomically reviewed. The two most commonly recorded in surveys by S. Kobayashi in the 1930s were Drawida anchingiana Chen, 1933 and Metaphire quelparta (Kobayashi, 1937), neither recently relocated. Morphologically similar taxa, supported with DNA barcodes, for Moniligastridae, are Drawida anchingiana seogwipo, D. anchingiana halla and D. iucn spp. or sub-spp. nov. For Megascolecidae, new taxa and synonyms are: Amynthas arx and A. aucklandis spp. nov. that have seminal grooves rather than the eversible male pores of Metaphire plus Amynthas simplex is another new species. Amynthas sangumburi Hong & Kim, 2002 is recognized as a probable new synonym within the A. corticis (Kinberg, 1867) species-group while Amynthas corticis saeseum sub-sp nov. is described. Amynthas gracilis (Kinberg, 1867) is a new record from Jeju and Korea (with A. bouchei, A. omodeoi and A. edwardsi all by Zhao & Qiu, 2009 possible synonyms of this species group from China) with a Jejuan sub-species, A. gracilis insularum, sub-sp. nov. Presence on Jeju of Amynthas carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) is confirmed (its further new synonyms are Chinese A. fuscus Qiu & Sun, 2012 and A. taiwumontis Shen et al., 2013), as is A. micronarius (Goto & Hatai, 1898) (with new synonym A. montanus Qiu & Sun, 2012 also an invalid secondary homonym). Amynthas phaselus maculosus (Hatai, 1930) is in new combination with A. kamitai (Kobayashi, 1934) and A. minjae Hong, 2001 syns. nov. Two newly described Metaphire quelparta sub-spp are M. q. seogwipo and M. q. valhalla these being supported with DNA barcodes despite the nominal taxon not yet being confirmed.

Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia

Blakemore, Robert J.,Lee, Seunghan,Seo, Hong-Yul The National Institute of Biological Resources 2014 Journal of species research Vol.3 No.2

Moniligastrids are an important yet often ignored earthworm group commonly found in cultivated soils, especially paddy, in the tropical East. Seven new taxa are: Drawida koreana austri, D. koreana nanjiro, D. koreana shindo, D. odaesan, D. jeombongsan, D. companio and D. csuzdii Blakemore spp. or sub-spp. nov. from Korea. Drawida csuzdii is the first new species from North Korea since Lumbricidae Eisenia koreana (Zicsi, 1972). Historical East Asian moniligastrids are reviewed chronologically and Drawida barwelli (Beddard, 1886), D. japonica (Michaelsen, 1892) and D. siemsseni Michaelsen, 1910 are compared on their museum types. These three taxa were thought similar and related to D. nepalensis Michaelsen, 1907 and its possible synonym D. burchardi Michaelsen, 1903 (priority!) and both of these to prior D. uniqua (Bourne, 1887). Indian Drawida calebi Gates, 1945 is compared to new material of D. japonica from Japan, and D. willsi Michaelsen, 1907 to the new sub-species of D. koreana Kobayashi, 1938 from Korea. Where available, mtDNA COI gene barcodes are provided to help objective determinations and a phylogram is provided with outgroup Ocnerodrilidae Eukerria saltensis (Beddard, 1895) itself found in rice paddy/irrigation. The challenge now is comparison of all early taxa in their various homelands in order to assess the genetic variability and taxonomic boundaries acceptable, especially for unpigmented D. barwelli and also for pink/grey D. japonica and blue/grey D. koreana. A checklist of moniligastrids is appended showing 22 species from China (including Hainan and Taiwan), 21 from Korea, nine from Japan and the Drawida ghilarovi Gates, 1969 species-complex from far eastern Russian (Siberia). Recent Drawida dandongensis Zhang & Sun, 2014 from Sino-Korean border is misdescribed and cannot be meaningfully compared to any other Drawidas.

A Taxonomic Study on Asian Pheidole(Hymenoptera, Formicidae): New Synonymy, Rank Changes, Lectotype Designations and Redescriptions

Eguchi, Katsuyuki 한국응용곤충학회 2001 Insecta Koreana Vol.18 No.1

Nine previously described forms of Asian Pheidole species are synomimized, based on the reexamination of the type materials: Pheidole attila Forel, 1913 is synonymized with P. capellinii Emergy, 1887; Pheidole exasperata var. concordia Santschi, 1916 and P. e. var. fusiformis Viehmeryer, 1914, with P. aglae Forel, 1913; P. multicoma Eguchi, 19999, with P. comata F. Smith, 1858; P. havilandi var. sapuana Foreal, 1911 and P. h. var. selangorensis Forel, 1913, with P. havilandi Forel, 1911; P. huberi var. perakensis Forel, 1911, with P. huberi Forel, 1911; P. nodgii r. maxwellensis Forel, 1913, with P. magrettii Emery, 1887; P. treubi Forel, 1905, with P. noda Fr. Smith, 1874. P. nodgii var. tjibodana Forel, 1905 and P. sauberi subsp. sarawakana Forel, 1911 are considered to the good biological species. Lectotypes are designated for 31 forms of Asian Pheidole. Either rediscription or taxonomic remarks are given for each species.

A Taxonomic Study on Asian Pheidole(Hymenoptera, Formicidae): New Synonymy, Rank Changes, Lectotype Designations and Redescriptions

Eguchi, Katsuyuki Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2001 INSECTA KOREANA Vol.18 No.1

Nine previously described forms of Asian Pheidole species are synomimized, based on the reexamination of the type materials: Pheidole attila Forel, 1913 is synonymized with P. capellinii Emergy, 1887; Pheidole exasperata var. concordia Santschi, 1916 and P. e. var. fusiformis Viehmeryer, 1914, with P. aglae Forel, 1913; P. multicoma Eguchi, 19999, with P. comata F. Smith, 1858; P. havilandi var. sapuana Foreal, 1911 and P. h. var. selangorensis Forel, 1913, with P. havilandi Forel, 1911; P. huberi var. perakensis Forel, 1911, with P. huberi Forel, 1911; P. nodgii r. maxwellensis Forel, 1913, with P. magrettii Emery, 1887; P. treubi Forel, 1905, with P. noda Fr. Smith, 1874. P. nodgii var. tjibodana Forel, 1905 and P. sauberi subsp. sarawakana Forel, 1911 are considered to the good biological species. Lectotypes are designated for 31 forms of Asian Pheidole. Either rediscription or taxonomic remarks are given for each species.

Megascolex (Perichaeta) diffringens Baird, 1869 and Pheretima pingi Stephenson, 1925 types compared to the Amynthas corticis (Kinberg, 1867) and A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) species-groups (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae)

Blakemore, Robert J. The National Institute of Biological Resources 2013 Journal of species research Vol.2 No.2

Amynthas diffringens (Baird, 1869) is deemed valid yet comparable to A. corticis (Kinberg, 1867) and to A. nipponicus (Beddard, 1893) or A. peregrinus (Fletcher, 1896). Its syntypes tend to more genital markings than usual as shown for variable specimens from Japan, Korea, and Australasia that comply genetically with either of two A. corticis spp. groups. A. diffringens type-locality was UK hothouses yet closest specimens appear in part of A. heteropodus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) (=A. corticis) from Japan. Japanese Amynthas divergens (Michaelsen, 1892) is restored based on its serrate intestinal caeca. Meanwhile, the lectotype of Amynthas pingi (Stephenson, 1925) is deemed a synonym of A. carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) compliant with Kobayashi's (1936) types III & II. Erstwhile A. pingi synonym A. fornicatus (Gates, 1925) is again included, but A. hongkongensis (Michaelsen, 1910) and A. chungkingensis (Chen, 1936) are provisionally retained whilst A. carnosa lichuanensis Wang & Qiu, 2005 is given separate species status. A new Korean taxon is proposed as A. carnosus naribunji sub-sp. nov. and two replacement names are provided: A. zhuya nom. nov. for homonym A. montanus Qiu & Sun, 2012 from Hainan and A. yizhou for A. carnosus sensu Shen et al., 2005 from Taiwan. No attempt is made to fully resolve numerous Japanese synonyms of A. carnosus [eg Ishizuka's (2001) invista, subterranea, subalpina, umbrosa, mutabilis, nubicola, plus A. nonmonticolus Blakemore, 2010] nor Korean synonyms [eg kyamikia Kobayashi, 1934, monstrifera Kobayashi, 1936 and murayamai Kobayashi, 1938, sangyeoli, youngtai (with segments miscounted), kimhaeiensis, sinsiensis and baemsagolensis - all names by Hong & James (2001) plus ?A. sangumburi Hong & Kim, 2002 (its segments miscounted too)] also A. fuscus Qiu & Sun, 2012 from Hainan and Taiwanese monsoonus James et al., 2005 plus A. penpuensis Shen et al., 2003 and A. taiwumontis Shen et al., 2013 syns. nov.. All synonyms remain in the currently defined A. carnosus pending full revisons although several may eventually comply with parts of prior A. corticis s. lato.

Development and Characterization, and Application of Ten Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers in the Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon from South Korea

Choi, Eun Hwa,Kim, Gyeongmin,Baek, Su Youn,Kim, Sung Jin,Hwang, Jihye,Jun, Jumin,Jang, Kuem Hee,Ryu, Shi Hyun,Hwang, Ui Wook The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology 2020 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.36 No.2

The Asian crested ibis Nipponia nippon is one of the world's most endangered species. Except for the Sanxii population from China, it is known that all of the crested ibis populations from East Asia have been extinguished. In these days, most of them are being inbred as captive populations in China, South Korea, and Japan, which caused their low expected genetic diversity. Microsatellite markers are well known as a suitable DNA marker for exploring genetic diversity among captive populations of a variety of endangered species. In the present study, ten microsatellite markers were developed for the captive populations of the South Korean crested ibis, which were employed to examine the level of genetic diversity with the two founders from Sanxii, China and the 70 descendants of them. As a result, the mean number of gene diversity, observed heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity of the captive population were 0.70, 0.84, and 0.70 respectively. It revealed that the captive population of South Korea is as genetically more stable than we expected. In addition, the principal coordinates analysis and genetic structure analyses showed that the captive population of N. nippon can be divided into the two different genetic groups. The developed microsatellite markers here could be helpful for crested ibis conservation in East Asian countries such as China and Japan as well as South Korea.

Development and Characterization, and Application of Ten Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers in the Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon from South Korea

최은화,김경민,백수연,Sung Jin Kim,황지혜,전주민,장금희,류시현,황의욱 한국동물분류학회 2020 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.36 No.2

The Asian crested ibis Nipponia nippon is one of the world’s most endangered species. Except for the Sanxii population from China, it is known that all of the crested ibis populations from East Asia have been extinguished. In these days, most of them are being inbred as captive populations in China, South Korea, and Japan, which caused their low expected genetic diversity. Microsatellite markers are well known as a suitable DNA marker for exploring genetic diversity among captive populations of a variety of endangered species. In the present study, ten microsatellite markers were developed for the captive populations of the South Korean crested ibis, which were employed to examine the level of genetic diversity with the two founders from Sanxii, China and the 70 descendants of them. As a result, the mean number of gene diversity, observed heterozygosity, and expected heterozygosity of the captive population were 0.70, 0.84, and 0.70 respectively. It revealed that the captive population of South Korea is as genetically more stable than we expected. In addition, the principal coordinates analysis and genetic structure analyses showed that the captive population of N. nippon can be divided into the two different genetic groups. The developed microsatellite markers here could be helpful for crested ibis conservation in East Asian countries such as China and Japan as well as South Korea.

겨울철 광주지역 PM2.5의 화학적 특성 조사

고재민,배민석,박승식 한국입자에어로졸학회 2013 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.9 No.2

24-hr PM2.5 samples were collected from January 19 through February 27, 2009 at an urban site of Gwangju and analyzed to determine the concentrations of organic and elemental carbon(OC and EC), water-soluble OC(WSOC), eight ionic species(Na+, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-), and 22 elemental species. Haze phenomena was observed during approximately 29%(10 times) of the whole sampling period(35 days), resulting in highly elevated concentrations of PM2.5 and its chemical components. An Asian dust event was also observed, during which PM2.5 concentration was 64.5 ㎍/㎥. Crustal materials during Asian dust event contributed 26.6% to the PM2.5, while lowest contribution(5.1%) was from the haze events. OC/EC and WSOC/OC ratios were found to be higher during haze days than during other sampling days, reflecting an enhanced secondary organic aerosol production under the haze conditions. For an Asian dust event, enhanced concentrations of OC and secondary inorganic components were also found, suggesting the further atmospheric processing of precursor gases during transport of air mass to the sampling site. Correlations among WSOC, EC, NO3-, SO42-, and primary and secondary OC fractions, which were predicted from EC tracer method, suggests that the observed WSOC could be formed from similar formation processes as those of secondary organic aerosol, NO3-, and SO42-. Results from principal component analysis indicate also that the observed WSOC was strongly associated with formation routes of the secondary organic and inorganic aerosols.