약제흡입에 의한 목재의 건조균열방지에 관한 연구

柳孝善,鄭世喜 全北大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

This paper describes the new treatment method for crack-prevention of wood during drying by means of vacuum suction technique. The polyethylene glycogens(PEG) adopted for crack-prevention are PEG ― 1540, PEG ― 2000, PEG ― 4000 and PEG ― 10000 and the decompression levels by the vacuum pump are 85kPa and 39kPa. It is observed that the suction of PEG solution is impartially accomplished through the entire radial section by the vacuum suction treatment. As the molecular weight of PEG is increased, the suction quantity per unit time and the difference of moisture content(M.C) between before suction treatment and after, △M.C are decreased with a point of inflection at PEG ― 2000. And it can be found that for drying crack-prevention the optimum condition of PEG suction treatment is PEG ― 2000(wt. 30% ) at 85kPa.

비글개에서 l-muscone의 급성독성 및 아급성독성시험 연구

유아선,권오경,성하정,곽형일,방명주,박대규,정규혁,윤효인,조명행 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Single and 4 weeks oral administration of l-muscone, a major active ingredient of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs(3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with single dosage of 2,000 ㎎/㎏ and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of l-muscone, 0.2㎎/㎏/day(low dosage group), 2 ㎎/㎏/day(middle dosage group), or 20 ㎎/㎏day(high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration(1996.4.16). LD_50 value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 ㎎/㎏ on oral route for both male and females. In animals administered with l-muscone, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical signs, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other findings. No histolopathological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggest that l-muscone in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.

한국 어린이의 ABO혈액형 항체 생성에 대한 연구

윤영호,최효선,김덕언,박일규,김신규 대한임상병리학회 1997 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.17 No.6

가속냉각형 TMCP-AH36강의 용접 후열처리효과에 관한 연구

鄭世喜,柳孝善 全北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

It is known that the fine bainite microstructure obtained by accelerated cooling of TMCP steel secures the high toughness of base metal and TMCP steel is very suitable for high heat input welding as it has low carbon equivalent. In the HAZ, however, the accelerated cooling effect imparted on the matrix by the weld thermal cycles is relieved and thus the weldment of TMCP steel has softening zone which shows low fracture strength compared with base metal. Therefore, PWHT of weldment is carried out to improve the fracture toughness in weldment of TMCP steel which has softening zone. In this study, the effects of PWHT on the weldment of TMCP steel are investigated by mall punch(SP) test. From the results of this test, we summarized on follows. 1) The hardness of HAZ which showed softening was recovered up to that of as received base metal in the PWHT conditions of 600℃-water cooling, 720℃-air cooling, 850℃-air cooling and 850℃-1sec water cooling. 2) From the several results such as SP energy and displacement at room temperature, the behavior of transition curves, uppershelf energy of transition curves, fracture strength at - 196℃, distribution of (DBTT)_sp and(△DBTT)_sp, the PWHT condition of A.C. after 850℃-1 W.C was very suitable condition for recovering a softening zone of HAZ in as welded.

유방의 과립세포종양 1예: 증례보고

민인철, 유근수, 선우영, 윤효영, 송영진 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2013 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.23 No.2

유방의 과립세포종양은 슈반세포에서 기원하는 아주 드문 질환이다. 대부분의 환자들은통증을동반 하 지 않는 경성의 유방 멍울을 주소로 내원하게 된다. 따라서 이학적 진찰상 유방암과의 감별이 필요하 다. 유방의 과립세포종양은 임상적으로 유방암과 매우 유사하지만, 98%에서 양성 소견을 보인다. 일 반적인 유방촬영술 및 유방초음파 상에서는 종양 특이적인 소견을 보이지 않으며, 오직 조직생검술을 통한 조직학적, 면연화학적 검사만이 병변을 확진 하는 방법이 된다. 51세 여자 환자가 유방에 만져 지는 멍울을 주소로 외래를 방문하였다. 이학적 검사 상, 좌측 중간외측 유방에 멍울이 만져졌으며, 대흉근 및 주변조직과 고착 되어있는 소견을 보였다. 유방단순촬영 상 좌외측 유방에 비대칭성이 보 였다. 유방 초음파상 1cm크기의 유방 뒤 지방층을 침범하는 종괴가 보였다. 중심 침 조직검사 상 유 방의 과립종양세포 소견을 보였으며, 조직 절제 생검으로 확진 하였다. 임상적으로 유방암과 많이 혼 돈되는 과립세포종양 1예를 보고하고자 한다.

저압 증발형 압력 용기의 응력 변화 특성에 관한 연구

최석천,이용훈,전유신,허선철,정효민,정한식 경상대학교 해양산업연구소 2002 해양산업연구소보 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this research is to obtain the characteristics of strain and stress in the vacuum pressure vessel. The vacuum pressure vessel is used to many of industrial devices and cooling tower system. The vessel is under the vacuum pressure in this research, and we analyzed the stress on the vessel surface. As the experimental set up, we introduced the Static Strain Measurement(UCAM 70A, Kyowa) system. The environmental condition of vessel is reserved under vacuum pressure 50mmHg, and the vacuum pressure was made by a ejector pump system.

발달장애유아의 언어행동발달 연구

김춘희,변찬석,서경희,유은정,이효신,전헌선,최성규 大邱大學校 特殊敎育·再活科學硏究所 2000 特殊敎育硏究 Vol.23 No.1

본 논문은 발달장애유아 언어행동발달 컨텐츠 개발에 요구되는 기초연구로써 연구의 이론적 바탕을 확립하고자 하였다. 연구에 사용된 방법은 문헌조사 방법 및 현장 인터뷰기법을 병행하였다. 본 연구의 주된 목적은 크게 3가지로 구분된다. 첫째, 발달장애유아의 가정 내 교육 욕구를 분석하고자 하였다. 둘째, 발달장애유아의 언어발달 양상을 검토하고자 하였다. 세 번째 목적은 유아의 언어행동발달 컨텐츠 구성의 주요 지침을 설정하고자 하였다. 이상의 연구목적에 따른 연구결과를 요약하면 다음 몇 가지로 제시된다. 1.가정 내 부모-유아간 관계형성이 우선 고려 되어야하고, 이에 따른 상호작용은 발달적 애착형성이 가능한 방향으로 정립되어야한다. 2.발달장애유아의 언어행동발달양상을 검토한 결과에 따르면, Piaget는 언어행동발달에 있어 감각운동기적 환경탐색 기능을 강조하고 있고, 이는 현재까지 중요한 유아 발달의 기저로 정착되었다. 따라서, 발달장애유아의 언어행동발달을 위한 컨텐츠 개발 내용에 있어서도 이러한 기저에 충실함이 합리적이다. 3.발달장애유아들에게는 언어행동 양상의 갈래가 크게 운동장애 및 감각결함으로 나누어질 수 있으므로, 이 두 가지 갈래의 각기 다른 특성이 컨텐츠 구성에서 충분히 고려되어야한다. 4.자폐성과 같은 중증 전반적 발달장애 유아를 위한 언어행동발달 컨텐츠 구성에서 특히 고려해야 할 두 가지 요소는 모방행동기능과 반복단순훈련기능 향상으로 결론지을 수 있다. This article planed to establish the theoretical foundations of the research as a basic study needed for developing the contents of verbal(language) behavior development for the infants with developmental disabilities. The methods used in the study was previous literature researches and interviews with subjects. The purposes of the study were divided into three parts. First, it was to analyze the educational needs of the infants with developmental disabilities in home settings. Second, it was to review and discover the language patterns of the infants with developmental disabilities. The third purpose was to devise the major guidelines of their language development's contents. The results of the study were described as the followings. 1.The relationships between the infants with developmental disabilities and their parents and their interactions should move to build the developmental attachments between them. 2.According to the literature findings of their language development patterns, Piaget concentrated on the functions of sensory motor environmental exploring in the language behavior development. The functions have been settled down into the important foundation for the infants' development. Thus, it was resonable that the content's development of the language behaviors for the infants with developmental disabilities should based on the function addressed by Piaget. 3.The language behaviors' patterns of the infants with developmental disabilities generally were classified into motor disabilities and sensory defect(deficiency). Therefore, the two factors should be considered for the constructions of the contents. 4.Constructing the contents of the language behavior developments for the infants with severely pervasive developmental disabilities such as autism, the improvements of two functions, imitative behavior and repetitive simple training should be considered.

경연 대회를 통한 초ㆍ중고생의 창의력 신장 효과에 관한 연구

이희복,육근철,류해일,김현섭,김희수,박달원,유병환,김선효,김여상,서광수,변두원,서명석,배성효,박종석,심규철,이성희 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.32 No.1

미래 사회를 대비하기 위한 개인의 개성을 존중과 창의적인 능력을 지닌 인간을 양성을 목적으로 충청남도 지역의 초 ㆍ 중고등학생들을 대상으로 한 창의력 경연대회가 공주대학교 과학교육연구소에서 개최되었다. 충청남도 초 ㆍ중 ㆍ 고등학생들을 대상으로 실시한 창의력 경연대회는 창조적 아이디어를 내어 스스로 문제를 해결해 나갈 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 좋은 기회였음이 확인되었으나, 일부의 팀에서만 참신하고 재미있는 아이디어들이 제안되었다. 여학생의 참가자 수가 상당히 증가하였으며, 대체적으로 입상권의 학생들의 상당 부분이 여학생이라는 것이 특이할만하다. 학년이 올라감에 따라서 창의적인 아이디어를 내는 양이나 질에 있어서 뒤떨어지는 것으로 분석되었으며, 토론 학습의 적응력이 미흡하고 발표력 및 청취력에 있어서도 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중 ㆍ고등학교의 학교교육에서도 학생들에게 프로젝트형 탐구학습 프로그램의 적용은 물론 토론식 수습을 통한 학생들의 사고의 전환의 기회를 제공해야 할 것으로 사료된다. The creativity competition was held to foster the creativity of elementary and secondary school students in the Institute of Science Education, Kongju national University. It was found that the creativity competition effected on the improvement of inventing creative ideas and problem solving activities. But, only some competitors participated in semifinal and final contests, presented original and interesting ideas. More female students participated in competition than last year. More female participants were awarded a prize than males. Totally, participants were defective in discussion and communication, and presentation and listening ideas. Increasing grades correlated inversely with creativity and originality. There is need of inquiry project teaming programs and presenting opportunities of conversion of thinking by discussing instructions in school

그람양성구균에 대한 Teicoplanin과 Vancomycin의 시험관내 항균력

최태열,김경숙,전용관,서일혜,김정욱,이웅수,안정열,김홍석,정재용,최효선,김덕언,유진우 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.1

An increasing frequency of methicillin resistant S. aureus(MRSA), methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci(MRCNS) and Enterococcal infection have been observed in recent years. Teicoplanin is a new glycopeptide antibiotic obstained from the Actinoplanes teicomycetius. The molecular structure and spectrum of antimicrobial activity of teicoplanin is simillar to those of vancomycin, and has been reported to have an excellent in vitro and in vivo effect against various gram-positive infections. Therefore, we evaluated the in vitor susceptibility of gram positive cocci, such as, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci(CNS), and Enterococci to teicoplanin and vancomycin. The total 253 strains consisted of MSSA(40), MRSA(53), MSCNS(47), MRCNS(48), and Enterococci(65). They were assayed by disc diffusion and agar dilution. During the study, 57% of S. aureus and 49% of CNS showed resistance to methicillin. The inhibitory diameter of teicoplanin was 15-20mm in MSSA, 12-19mm in MRSA, 13-24mm in MSCNS, 11-23mm in MRCNS, and 15-22mm in Enterococci respectively, and showed sensitivity in all but 8 strains(3.2%). The range of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of teicoplanin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS and Enterococci were 9.12-2.0㎍/ml, 0.25-2.0㎍/ml, & 0.25-32㎍/ml, 0.12-1.0㎍/ml respectively. One case of S. haemolyticus was resistant to teicoplanin (32㎍/ml) by the agar dilution method. Eight minor (3.2%) and one major(0.4%) error was observed when the MIC and disk diffusion data were correlated with teicoplanin. As for vancomycin the inhibitory diameter was 17-21mm in MSSA, 15-21mm in MRSA, 18-26mm in MSCNS, 18-25mm in MRCNS, and 16-22mm in Enterococci respectively. The range of the MIC of vancomycin to MSSA, MRSA, MSCNS, MRCNS, and Enterococci were 0.25-1.0㎍/ml, 0.25-4.0㎍/ml, 0.5-2.0㎍/ml and 0.5-2.0㎍/ml respectively. One minor error (0.4%) was seen with the vancomycin disk. The MIC90 of MSSA and MRSA exhibited the same results in teicoplanin (1.0㎍/ml, 1.0㎍/ml), and vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). MSCNS and MRCNS exhibited greater MIC90 with teicoplanin(4.0㎍/ml, 8.0㎍/ml) than vancomycin(2.0㎍/ml, 2.0㎍/ml). Incontrase Enterococci were more susceptible to teicoplanin(0.5㎍/ml) than to vancomucin (2.0㎍/ml). Results from this analysis indicated that both teicoplanin and vancomycin were very excellent for gram positive infections, especially those resistant to methicillin.

Association between Second-hand Smoke Exposure and Urinary NNAL Level in Korean Adolescents

You Hyo-Sun,Lee Jae-woo,Kim Ye-seul,Kim Yonghwan,Lee Hyeong-Cheol,Hwang Jin Young,Yang Woojung,Kang Hee-Taik 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.13

Background: The 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) is a metabolite of tobacco-specific lung carcinogen that can be found in both smokers and non-smokers. Particularly, NNAL levels of children with a history of exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) are higher than those of adults. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between SHS exposure and urine NNAL levels in Korean adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII. Overall, 648 never-smoking adolescents (425 boys and 223 girls) aged 12 to 18 were included in this study. Logistic regression analyses identified the relationship between SHS exposure and elevated urine NNAL levels. Results: The mean urine NNAL levels of the no exposure and exposure group in boys were 1.39 and 2.26 ng/mL, respectively, whereas they were 1.01 and 2.45 ng/mL in girls, respectively (P < 0.001). Among the adolescents exposed to SHS, the confounder-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for elevated urine NNAL levels according to exposure area as overall, home, and public area were 2.68 (1.58–4.53), 31.02 (9.46–101.74), and 1.89 (1.12–3.17) in boys; and 6.50 (3.22–13.11), 20.09 (7.08–57.04), and 3.94 (1.98–7.77) in girls, respectively. Conclusion: SHS exposure was significantly associated with elevated urine NNAL levels in Korean adolescents, particularly in female adolescents and in those with home exposure. These findings remind us of the need to protect adolescents from SHS.