Clinical Outcome of Modified Cervical Lateral Mass Screw Fixation Technique

Kim, Seong-Hwan,Seo, Won-Deog,Kim, Ki-Hong,Yeo, Hyung-Tae,Choi, Gi-Hwan,Kim, Dae-Hyun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.2

Objective : The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze clinically-executed cervical lateral mass screw fixation by the Kim's technique as suggested in the previous morphometric and cadaveric study and 2) to examine various complications and bicortical purchase that are important for b-one fusion. Methods : A retrospective study was done on the charts, operative records, radiographs, and clinical follow up of thirty-nine patients. One hundred and seventy-eight lateral mass screws were analyzed. The spinal nerve injury, violation of the facet joint, vertebral artery injury, and the bicortical purchases were examined at each lateral mass. Results : All thirty-nine patients received instrumentations with poly axial screws and rod systems, in which one hundred and seventy-eight screws in total. No vertebral artery injury or nerve root injury were observed. Sixteen facet joint violations were observed (9.0%). Bicortical purchases were achieved on one hundred and fifty-six (87.6%). Bone fusion was achieved in all patients. Conclusion : The advantages of the Kim's technique are that it is performed by using given anatomical structures and that the complication rate is as low as those of other known techniques. The Kim's technique can be performed easily and safely without fluoroscopic assistance for the treatment of many cervical diseases.

불순물 첨가 BGO 섬광체 단결정의 육성과 열형광 특성

김성철,김중환,김종일,정중현,도시홍,김기동,이대원 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.1

Eu or Fe doped BGO scintillation crystals were grown by Czochralski method. In order to get information about traps in the grown BGO crystals, we measured trap parameters including activation energy, frequency factor and the kinetic order of thermoluminescence, and compared such parameters with thermoluminescent characteristics of pure BGO scintillation crystals. In addition, optical transmittance of the grown BGO crystals was measured.

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

석탄 가스화를 통한 전력 생산과 DME 병산 공정에 대한 기초 경제성 분석

유영돈 ( Young Don Yoo ),김수현 ( Su Hyun Kim ),조원준 ( Won Jun Cho ),모용기 ( Yong Gi Mo ),송용택 ( Tae Kyong Song ) 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.52 No.6

The key for the commercial deployment of IGCC power plants or chemical (methanol, dimethyl ether, etc.) production plants based on coal gasification is their economic advantage over plants producing electricity or chemicals from crude oil or natural gas. The better economy of coal gasification based plants can be obtained by co-production of electricity and chemicals. In this study, we carried out the economic feasibility analysis on the process of co-producing electricity and DME (dimethyl ether) using coal gasification. The plant’s capacity was 250 MW electric and DME production of 300,000 ton per year. Assuming that the sales price of DME is 500,000 won/ton, the production cost of electricity is in the range of 33~58% of 150.69 won/kwh which is the average of SMP (system marginal price) in 2013, Korea. At present, the sales price of DME in China is approximately 900,000 won/ton. Therefore, there are more potential for lowering the price of co-produced electricity when comparing that from IGCC only. Since the co-production system can not only use the coal gasifier and the gas purification process as a common facility but also can control production rates of electricity and DME depending on the market demand, the production cost of electricity and DME can be significantly reduced compared to the process of producing electricity or DME separately.

광학현미경 In Situ Hybridization에 의한 Viral RNA 증명

김석홍,주경웅,최원기 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1996 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.2 No.2

토끼 출혈증 바이러스에 감염된 조직을 10% 포르말린 고정, 파라핀 블록으로 보관했던 것으로 표본을 만들고 biotin 표지된 올리고뉴클레오티드 probe를 사용하는 in situ hybridization 기법으로 viral RNA를 조사하였다. in situ hybridization 기법은 핵산을 규명하는 다른 방법들에 비하여 신속하고 특이성이 높은 기법으로 모든 과정이 Microtrobe(Tm) capillary action system에서 1-2시간 이내에 완료된다. Viral RNA는 간세포의 세포질과 신장의 피질에서 주로 관찰되었으나, 폐조직과 신장의 수질에서는 부분적으로 적색신호가 보였다. 비록 기술적인 한계를 가지고 있지만 다른 핵산 진단방법 보다 많은 장점을 가지고 있어 조직 병리학적으로 바이러스 진단하는데 하나의 독특한 기법으로 채용되리라 기대된다. In this paper, a in situ hybridization(ISH) has been used to investigate the yield of viral RNA expression from each organ tissues. It is studied to establish a rapidly, specific diagnostic method detecting rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV) RNA in 10% formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of naturally RHDV-infected rabbits using oligonucleotide probe to be made by RHDV total sequences. Biotin was used as the oligonucleotide probe marker. In situ hybridization is detected the virus genome in the cells and tissue as specifically compared with others nucleic acid hybridization method. All ISH procedure of RHDV were completed to Microbrobe(Tm) capillary action system within 1-2 hours. In this report, RHDV was distributed widely in the cytoplasm of liver cell and the cortex of kidney but lung tissue and medulla of kidney were showed to positive reaction at locally. Although not entirely free of technical limitations, nucleic acid identification holds advantages over other diagnostic tests, including exquisite sensitivity, specificity, interchangeability and speed. It is expected that, in the immediate future viral nucleic acid detection will be a prominent part of the methods used in histopathology.

전처리 환경조건 변화에 의한 국내산 크라프트지의 물리적 특성 평가

김형진,최원정,최형기 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

This study was carried out in order to evaluate the physical properties of domestic kraft paper according to the changes of pre-conditioning environmental conditions. For the testing of physical and mechanical strength of paper, the specimens must be preconditioned under the specific environmental factors, such as temperature and RH. Recently, Korean Industrial Standard is revising for the coincidence with International Standard Organization. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of kraft paper were considered by the two kinds of standard, KS M7011 and ISO 187, and evaluated by the linear regression equation.

GdFe 박막의 Kerr 이력곡선 연구

金斗哲,鄭原基 제주대학교 1990 논문집 Vol.30 No.-

GdFe amorphous thin film used were prepared by the rf sputtering technique on the slide glass substrates held at room temperature, Composition ratios of GdFe films were measured by AES and kerr hysteresis loops of these films were studied by using the polar kerr loop tracer. It has been found that some of these films show the anomalous hystersis loops. this anomaly has been explained by the double layers model with a surface oxidation layer.

자궁내 태아 사망에 대한 임상적 고찰 (1990-1997)

김희범,서기원 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Objective : Our purpose of this study was to evaluated the incidence, cause of intrauterine fetal death, termination method and the maternal complications of fetal death clinically. Patients : From January 1990 to December 1997, a retrospective study was made of the hospital records of 188 cases of the intrauterine fetal death among 42,576 deliveries after 20 weeks gestation by gestational age in Soonchunhyang Kumi Hospital. Results : The incidence of the fetal death in utero was 0.44%. The most common gestational week when intrauterine fetal death was detected was 35-40 gestational weeks(35.6%). The parity of mother in the fetal demise in utero was not different between nulliparous and multiparous women. The sex ratio of fetus in intrauterine death was not different between male and female. The cases of the fetal death in utero weighting less than 2500gm were 134 cases(71.2%). The causes of the intrauterine fetal death showed unknown causes(51.6%), maternal diabetes(11.2%), abruptio placenta(8.5%), congenital anomaly(8.0%), pregnancy induced hypertension(5.9%), intrauterine infection(5.3%), cord complication(4.3%), multiple causes(2.7%), vasa previa rupture(1.6%) and oligohydramnios(1.1%). The mode of the pregnancy termination for intrauterine fetal death showed prostaglandin E2(42.0%), oxytocin(34.5%), hysterotomy(11.2%), spontaneous delivery (9.6%), and misoprostol(2.7%). The maternal complication were hemorrhage(4.3%), infection(1.6%), cervical laceration(1.1%), and uterine rupture(0.5%). Conclusion : The cause in about 50% of the intrauterine fetal death could not be determined, so further studies must be made on mother, stillborn infants, placenta and umbilical card in cases where the causes in unknown for the purpose of good outcome and prevention of intrauterine fetal death in next pregnancy. And the studies investigating the safe and effective method for pregnancy termination are needed in order to reduced maternal complication and shortened termination time.

전자현미경 In Situ Hybridization에 의한 Viral RNA의 진단에 관한 연구

김석홍,주경웅,최원기 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1996 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.2 No.2

토끼 바이러스성 출혈증의 원인체를 실험 토끼에 접종하여 증식을 유도하고 간장에서 hematoxylin & eosin 염색에서 조직학적 진단과 세포내 viral RNA의 소재를 결정하기 위해 post-unicryl 포매한 block의 절편을 사용하여 단 염색과 전자현미경적 in situ hybridization을 시도하였다. 토끼 출혈증 viral RNA의 보합 결합에 이용하는 probe는 4717에서 4800(84bases)까지 oligonucleotide를 5'말단에 biotin-CE phosphoramidite로 표지하여 사용하였다. 보합결합물의 증명은 신호 표지로서 antibiotin antibody-10mm gold를 사용하였으며, hubridization이나 증명은 기존 protocol에서 약간의 변법을 사용하였다. 0.02% glutaraldehyde에서 고정하고 unicryl resin 포매한 표본, biotinylated oligonucleotide probe, antibiotin antibody-10mm gold로 실험한 결과 증강된 신호를 얻을 수 있었다. 특히 전처리를 생략하므로써 실험 과정을 간단하게 하여 신속한 결과를 얻을 수가 있었다. 전자현미경 in situ hybridization을 통하여 토끼 출혈증 바이러스의 주요 표적은 간세포로 간염 세포의 세포질 내 미토콘드리아와 핵사이에서 immuno gold입자가 뚜렷하게 표지됨으로서 viral RNA를 증명할 수 있었다. Simple stain and electron microscopic in situ hybridization is studied and applied for the identification of rabbit haemorrhagic disease viral RNA in a unicrylated preparation of the liver after innoculation of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus. Hybridization for detection of viral RNA in unicryl embedded tissues using complementary 84 bases oligonucleotide probe labelled by biotin CE-phosphoramidite compared with 4717∼4800 sequences of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus, modified hybridization protocol and antibiotin antibody-l0nm gold as signal marker. The best results were obtained in 0.02% glutaraldehyde, Unicryl resin cell block, biotinylated oligonucleotide probes, antibiotin-l0nm gold. In this report, RHD viral RNA was distributed widely within the mitochondria and nucleus of liver cell by electron microscopic in situ hybridization. In situ hybridization has become a standard method for localizing DNA or RNA sequences in tissue or cell preparation. In situ hybridization is detected the virus genome in the cells and tissue as specifically compared with others nucleic acid hybridization method.

최대운동부하후 회복기중의 심박수·산소섭취량 변화와 유산소성 운동능력과의 관계 분석

김기진,박현,전태원 師範大學 體育硏究所 1988 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.9 No.1

For the evaluation of cardiovascular function, aerobic capacity with VO₂max and AT(anaerobic threshold)have been used as a critical parameter. Also we expect that parameter during recovery can be used as a good one. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between maximal or submaximal aerobic capacity and the recovery rate of them. We studied with twenty seven subjects: 7 judoists, 10 long distance runners and 10 non-athletes. They were undergone a continuous incremented treadmill test from rest to all-out. Respiratory gas of each subjects was analyzed by using an automated respiratory gas analyzer, Ergo-Oxyscreen System (Erich-Jaeger Co.). As the data of heart rate, oxygen uptake at rest and during recovery made the log linear model with time, the gradient of recovery rate was calculated by the equation of simple regression with the time as independent variable. That equation is as follows; y=A+B.e?? ? y:HR or VO₂ ? A:expected value at rest ? B:maximum increment ? c:recovery rate The results of this study was; 1. There was a significant difference as the order of long distance runners, judoists, non-athletes' HR at rest, but there was no difference in the maximal HR. 2. Long distance runners had higher level of VO₂max(84.83ml/kg) and AT(80.03%) than the other two groups. 3. In the long distance runners group, the phase of VO₂recovery showed significant correlation with the other factors. 4. In judoists group, the phase of VO₂max recovery had significant correlation -0.79(p<0.05) with the maximal HR. 5. In all subjects, significant correlation was showed between AT, HR at rest and recovery of VO₂. In brief, maximal or submaximal aerobic capacity(VO₂max, AT etc.) had no correlation with the phase of HR recovery, but significant correlation with the phase of VO₂recovery in athletes. The results indicated that the recovery rate of oxygen uptake could be a critical index for evaluating the aerobic capacity.