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황태연,유병철,정귀언,정수진,김성준,배기택,손혜숙,이종태,전진호,엄상화 인제대학교 2001 仁濟醫學 Vol.22 No.1
Objectives: Under the fee-for-service system, Korean hospitals have been suffering from the worsening profitability caused by law medical care fees. To overcome the difficulties, they have maximized the quantity of medical services and made relatively large investment in developing new medical services using high-priced medical equipment, medicines and medical supplies which were not covered by medical insurance system rather than reduced running costs. Materials and Methods: This study was made to analyze and forecast the revenue change of the department of Obstetrics and gynecology of an university hospital in Seoul, expecting the implementation of DRG system in 2000. Results: The results were as follows : 1.During the first two days of hospitalization. 41% of total medical service fee was occurred, which was thought that most of the check-ups and operations were made during this period. After two days of hospitalization, the new occurrence of medical service fee tended to reduce. 2.Out of total medical service fee, 67% of admission fee was occurred after 5 days of hospitalization. This was because medical service fees in obstetrics and gynecology department occurred during the first 5 days of hospitalization. 3.Out of fees for operation, treatment, medical supplies and blood transfusion. 71% was occurred during the first two days. 4. In case of fees for examination, 50% was occurred during the first two days. 5.A total of 53% of fees for medication and injection was occurred during the first 5 days. Conclusions: By the implementation of the DRG system, the income is forecast to increase by 800 won to 310,000 won by the disease group of obstetrics and gynecology department. To increase hospital income with the implementation of DRG system, the results of this study suggest that examinations should be done at out-patient departments before the hospitalization of patient, the discharge of patient should be noticed in advance to reduce the period of hospitalization, and admission appointment system should be implemented for the immediate operation and delivery.
박종빈,김학렬,주현준,유태양,신성남,신정현,송정섭,황기은,김소영,양세훈,정은택 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.2
최근 흡연을 시작한 젊은 성언에서 급성 호산구성 폐렴의 발생에 대한 증례가 보고되고 있다. 급성 호산구성 폐렴은 대개 발열을 동반하기 때문에 초기에는 감염성 폐렴으로 잘못 진단, 치료되는 경우가 많다. 아직 정확한 병태 생리 및 조직학적 소견은 밝혀져 있지 않지만 병력 청취 및 임상 양상, 방사선 소견의 관찰을 통해 급성 호산구성 폐렴을 의심하고, 진단을 위해 기관지 폐포 세척액 검사를 시행한다면 좀 더 쉽게 진단 내릴 수 있을 것이다. 본 저자들은 최근 처음 시작한 흡연에 의해 발생한 급성 호산구성 폐렴을 진단하고, 스테로이드를 투여하여 성공적으로 치료한 환자 2예를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia(AEP) is characterized by acute febrile respiratory illness associated with diffuse pulmonary infiltration and pulmonary eosinophilia. The specific etiology for acute eosinophilic pneumonia is elusive. By some investigators, cigarette smoking is suggested as a causative substance which can cause AEP. In recent, the authors experienced two cases of AEP following cigarette smoking. Both cases had characteristic features including age around 20 years, new onset smoking before occurance of AEP, diffuse infiltration on chest radiography, pulmonary eosinophilia based on bronchoalveolar lavage and acute improvement after steroid therapy. These clinical features are resemble with previous smoking induced AEP case reports. Base on these clinical features, cigarette smoking associated AEP could be diagnosed more easily.
Gate-tuned conductance of graphene-ribbon junctions with nanoscale width variations
Yu, Young-Jun,Choe, Jong-Ho,Kim, Jong Yun,Gwon, Oh Hun,Choi, Hong Kyw,Choi, Jin Sik,Kim, Jin Hong,Kim, Jin-Soo,Kim, Jin Tae,Shin, Jun-Hwan,Choi, Young Kyu Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Nanoscale Vol.11 No.11
<P>To utilize graphene as interconnection electrodes in high-density nanoelectronic structures, the electrical stability of graphene should be guaranteed under nanometer-scale deviations. Graphene-ribbon (GR) junctions with accessible dimensions (<I>i.e.</I>, sub-micrometer widths) are used in diverse interconnection electrode applications and should be characterized properly if they are to be applied in high-density nanoelectronics. Analyzing the effects of nanoscale GR width variations on the conductance of the entire graphene electrode is necessary for their proper characterization. Here, we diagnose the conductance and thermal effect of graphene electrode junctions constructed from GRs of various widths and directions under gate-tuned voltages. On applying partial gate voltages, we identify the effect of local potential variance on the entire graphene electrode junction. As a result, we were able to perceive precise and minute conductance variations for the entire graphene electrode, arising mainly from different sub-micrometer-scale widths of the GRs, which could not be distinguished using conventional global gating methods.</P>
Self-Oscillating, Third-Harmonic Mode-Locked l-GHz Nd:YLF Laser
Yu, Tae-Jun,Sung, Jai-Hee,Nam, Chang-Hee Optical Society of Korea 1999 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.3 No.2
A Nd:YLF laser has been actively mode-locked at the third-order harmonic cavity frequency using a lithium niobate phase modulator. Self-oscillating pulses of 14 ps duration, 1 GHz repetition rate, and 10mV average power at 1053 nm wavelength have been obtained. A 1GHz rf signal to drive a phase modulator was obtained by using 1GHz pulse train without rf synthesizer as a driver of an active mode locker.
( Jin Tae Hwang ),( Ki Jun Jang ),( Sung In Yu ),( Sang Hoon Park ),( Ji Young Park ),( Dong Hyun Sinn ),( Tae Joo Jeon ),( Tae Hoon Oh ),( Won Chang Shin ),( Won Choong Choi ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is de- fined as the presence of HBV DNA in the liver tissue or the serum in subjects negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The prevalence of occult HBV infection is depending on the virus endemicity, the assay sensitivity, and the population variability. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of occult HBV infection in HBsAg-negative patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Serum samples from 114 patients with HBsAg-negative LC or HCC were obtained. HBsAg, anti-HBs, and IgG an- accuracy. We analyzed the prevalence and predictors of true inactive carrier among inactive HBsAg carriers defined by hepatitis B e antigen, serum aminotransferase levels and HBV DNA levels. Methods: A total of 96 chronic hepatitis B patients [age=51.6±12.6, male=65 (67.7%)] who met the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) diagnostic criteria for inactive HBV carrier were consecutively enrolled. "True inactive carrier" was defined for patients who had low serum qHBsAg levels (< 1,000 IU/mL). Results: The prevalence of "true inactive carrier" was 61.4% (59/96 patients). Age (r=-0.320, P<0.001) and serum HBV DNA levels (r=0.540, P<0.001) were independent factors associated with serum qHBsAg levels in inactive HBV carriers. The prevalence of "true inactive carrier" was 31.6%, 40.0%, 80.0% and 77.3% for age < 40, 40-49, 50-59 and ≥ 60 years (P<0.001), respectively, and was 90.9%, 86.4%, 50.0% and 38.5% for undetectable serum HBV DNA, 12-99 IU/ml, 100-999 IU/mL and 1,000-1,999 IU/mL (P=0.001), respectively. Based on two independent factors, most of older inactive HBV carriers (age ≥ 50 years) with very low viremia (<100 IU/mL) were ``true inactive carriers" (95.5%, 21/22 patients), but it was only 21.4% (6/28) for younger inactive HBV carriers (aged < 50 years) with serum HBV DNA levels ≥ 100 IU/mL. Conclusions: Large proportion of inactive HBV carriers was not "true inactive carriers" when defined additionally with qHBsAg levels. Inactive HBV carriers warrant close monitoring, especially for young patients with detectable serum HBV DNA levels.
류태호(Tae Ho Yu),김병준(Byoung Jun Kim),이병준(Byung Jun Lee) 한국스포츠교육학회 2002 한국스포츠교육학회지 Vol.9 No.1
최근 혼성학급의 도입과 체육교과의 선택화라는 급변하는 교육환경으로 인하여 체육수업에서 `성`이 차지하는 역할에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 청소년의 신체적 자기개념을 구성하는 여러 요인이 성에 따라, 그리고 운동참가수준, 학급구성형태에 따라 어떤 양상으로 달라지는가를 규명하였다. 남녀 중학생 752명을 대상으로 한국판 PSDQ(Physical Self-Description Questionnaire)를 이용하여 신체적 자기개념의 8개 하위요인, 신체전반에 대한 평가 및 자기존중감 수준을 성, 학급구성형태, 운동빈도, 운동부활동 경험에 따라 비교하였다. 분석 결과 남학생이 여학생보다 자신의 신체에 대해서 보다 긍정적으로 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 외모, 유연성, 체지방, 신체활동, 지구력, 스포츠자신감, 건강 등의 요인에서 남학생이 여학생보다 더 우수하게 평가하였다. 여학생은 학급구성형태(남중/여중, 남녀공학의 남녀분반, 남녀공학의 남녀합반)에 따라 신체적 자기개념에 차이가 없었으나, 남학생은 남자중학교의 학생들이 남녀공학교의 학생보다 신체적 자기개념이 더 좋았다. 운동의 빈도가 높고 운동부 활동 경험이 있을수록 신체적 자기개념도 보다 바람직한 양상을 보였다. 남녀 모두 외모가 신체전반에 대한 평가와 가장 큰 관계가 있었고, 다음으로 스포츠자신감이 중요한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 결과는 양성평등을 지향하는 체육수업의 설계라는 측면에서 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine how gender, co-ed class, leisure-time physical activity, and school-based sports experiences impact multidimensional physical self-concept. A total of 752 middle school students responded to the Korean version of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire. Results indicated that boys had higher self-perceptions of body than girls. Specifically, boys were higher than girls in the scores of self-perceptions of body attractiveness, flexibility, body fat, physical activity, endurance, sports competence, and health. While girls showed similar self-perceptions of body across different class formations, boys in boy`s schools had higher physical self-concept than those in co-ed schools. Students with greater frequency of leisure time physical activity and school-based sports experiences had greater level of physical self-concept. For both boys and girls, body attractiveness showed the highest correlation coefficients with global physical. These results were discussed in terms of gender-sensitive instruction in physical education.