효소고정화막과 반투막성질의 PVA적층막 제조 및 산소센서에서의 특성

서종원,김태진,정용섭,윤정원 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The oxygen electrode of biosensor needs enzyme immobilized membrane and dialysis membrane for measurement of oxygen concentration, which in solution after enzyme reaction with its substrate. The one-layer PVA laminated CTA/PCL membrane was developed for oxygen electrode of biosensor. Enzymes have immobilized on cellulose triacetate/polycarprolactone membrane by CDI method, and laminated with polyvinyl alcohol, aldehyde and acid. This membrane immobilized with glucose oxidase, ascorbate oxidase, pyruvate oxidase and alcohol oxidase by CDI mehod, and PVA laminated CTA/PCL membrane have been tested with various concentration of substrates of enzymes by use of YSI oxygen sensor. Under 5-10mmol substrates become 0.37-0.83μA(r=0.995) currents, and about 56% of glucose oxidase activity was remained after 8 weeks, others were remained very low. SEM shows smooth surface and tightly attached PVA on enzyme immobilized CTA/PCL membrane.

반경험적 스케일 방법을 사용한 0.35 μm LDD-nMOSFET의 핫 캐리어 현상 억제를 위한 공정설계에 관한 연구

서용진,안태현,이경태 대불대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

This paper grasped trends of hot-corrier and punchthrough phenomena as a variation of some process parameters such as LDD doses (P), spacer lengths, channel doses(BF_(2)) and V_(T) adjusting channel implantation energies using Design Trend Curve(DTC). As the LDD dose increased, hot-carrier phenomena became more severe and punchthrough phenomenon was deteriorated. As increasing channel dose (BF_(2)), hot-carrier phenomenon was aggravated in contrast with punchthrough phenomenon which was improved. The model was proved by two dimensional electrical characteristics including generation of impact ionization rate and distribution of electric field with simulation. It was used to TSUPREM-IV and MEDICI for processing and device simulation, respectively.

협동학습이 자연과 학업성취 및 과학태도에 미치는 효과

서승조,백남권,조태호,김용진 晋州敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1999 科學敎育硏究 Vol.25 No.-

The purpose of this study is to manifest the effect of STAD cooperative learning which has not yet been explained in cooperative learning of an elementary school, on the academic achievement in science and science related attitudes. Therefore, in order to achieve that purpose, I established the following issues of study. First: What effect does STAD cooperative learning have on the elementary school students' academic achievement in science? Second: What effect does STAD cooperative learning have on the elementary school students' science related attitudes? The results of the study are as follows. First, while it was proven that the effect of STAD cooperative learning on academic achievement in science had no significant difference in pre·post achievement levels for both the experimental group and the control group, the experimental group showed larger changes in the mean value than control group; it can be inferred that classes to which cooperative learning is applied is more effective than traditional science classes. Second, in regard with the effect of STAD cooperative learnign on science related attitudes, while there was a significant difference between the experimental group and control group in pre examination, there was no significant difference, which means STAD cooperative learning does have effect on science related attitudes. In conclusion, the results of this study manifest that STAD cooperative learning is effective for science related attitudes in elementary school science classes, and assume that it can be effective for academic achievement.

高冷地의 효율적인 土地利用에 관한 硏究

徐大振 진주산업대학교 1972 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Purpose of Study The major purpose of this study was to find out ownership of agricultural production resources and differences in income level between the tobacco-growing farms and sericulture farms in the mountain area and to find out which crop is more profitable to be planted, tobacco or sericulture. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The average area of crop land per farm was 6.68 tanbo in tobacco farms, 10.24 tanbo in sericulture farms. 2. The average man-equivalents of family labor were 2.47 men in tobacco farms, 3.28 men in sericulture farms. 3. Farm assets per farm were 578,772 won in tobacco farms, 686,060 won in sericulture farms. The value of fixed assets covered about 96.4 per cent of the total asset value in tobacco farms, 93.8 per cent in sericulture farms. 4. Gross farm reciepts per farm was 127,921 won in tobacco farms, 205,775 won in sericulture farms. About 71.3 per cent of the gross farm reciepts was obtained from crop production, about 8.2 per cent from livestock production and about 3.3 per cent from off-farm work in tobacco farms, while sericulture farm, about 66.9 per cent from crop productiom, about 29.2 per cent from livestock production, and 5.6 percent from off farm work in sericulture farms. 5. Farm expenses were 44,040 won in tobacco farms, 35,818 won in sericulture farms, and those for wages and fertilizer was highest in tobacco and sericulture farms. 6. Farm income was 83,881 won in tobacco farms, 169,957 won in sericulture farms. Farm income per tanbo was 12,558 won in tobacco farms, 16,597 won in sericulture farms. Farm income per ME was 33.964 won in tobacco farms, 51,615 won in sericulture farms. 7. Reciepts per dollar expense was 65.5 won in tobacco farms, 82.5 won in sericulture farms. 8. Proportion of cash income to gross farm reciepts was 50.4 per cent in tobacco farms, 56.6 per cent in sericulture farms. And proportion of cash income of tobacco to total reciepts was 20,3 per cent, and 6.9 per cent in sericulture farms. 9. Coefficent of variation of gross receipts per tanbo of the cocoon was higher than that of tobacco, while coefficient of variation of cocoon per box was lower than that of tobacco. 10. It is evident through the study that sericulture farms were enable to cultivate crop land more than tobacco farms did, and also that the possibility to ??. the size of sericulture farms was greater than that of tobacco farms.

제주시 재래상권의 활성화 방안

서현진,김태보 제주대학교 관광산업연구소 2001 産經論集 Vol.15 No.2

무증상으로 발견된 담낭-담관 누공을 동반한 Mirizzi 증후군 1예

홍진희,전태주,서지영,서동대,오태훈,신원창,최원충,신은아,김기환 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Mirizzi's syndrome is a rare complication of the gallstone disease, characterized by narrowing of the common bile duct (CBD) due to chronic extrinsic compression of an impacted gallstone in the cystic duct or the neck of the gallbladder. The impacted gallstone may erode into the bile duct, causing cholecystocholedochal fistula. The patients generally have history of repeated attacks of jaundice and abdominal pain. But there is no report about asymptomatic Mirizzi syndrome with cholecystocholedochal fistula which were found incidentally. So herein we present our clinical experience with a case of asymptomatic Mirizzi syndrome with cholecystocholedochal fistula in a young female.

응급실 내원시 예상치 못한 사망 환자의 예측 인자

김욱진,서정필,정성필,황태식,이한식 대한응급의학회 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Background: Unexpected deaths of the patients at ED are surprising to the medical staffs as well as the families. It may also increase the possibilities of medico-legal problems. This study was conducted to review the unexpected death in ED and find the predictive factors leading patients to unexpected death. Methods: A retrospective study with reviewing available medical records of 183 patients who were expired at Ed of Shinchon Severance Hospital from Mar. 1997 to Feb. 1998 and 103 patients of Youngdong Severance Hospital from Mar. 1996 to Feb. 1998 was done. Analyses were done on 30 variables of physical findings, laboratory results, procedures and therapies. We used univariate analysis such as t-test and x²-test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the total 286 deaths in Ed, 153 cases were enrolled in this analysis. The number of unexpected deaths were 76. Age, mental status, fraction of neutrophil count, BUN level, whether endotracheal intubation was done, use of inotropics were the factors with statistical significance on the univariate analysis, but only comatose mentality, endotracheal intubated case, and use of the inotropics were significant on logistic regression analysis. The longer the ED length of stay, the higher the rate of mortality and unexpected death. Conclusion: This result suggest that medical attention is needed on the patients with comatose decreased mental status, endotracheally intubated case and needing inotropic agents to prevent unexpected deaths shortening the ED length of stay may also be a factor for decrease the unexpected death rate.

상악궁 확장술을 통한 치료전,후 및 보정후 상악 구치부 변화에 관한 연구

박태서,이진우,차경석 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.1

치열궁의 크기와 폭경 변화에 대한 연구가 사용된 장치형태, 사용시기에 따라, 그리고 사용 목적에 따라 다양한 연구가 활발히 이루어져 왔다. 또한 Quad-helix도 선학들에게 관심의 대상이었으며 Quad-helix의 안정성과 장치 사용 전, 후에 대한 효과도 연구가 이루어졌다. 그러나 장치 사용에 대한 장기적인 효과에 대한 연구가 미흡하여 본 논문은 이 장치를 사용하여 치료한 환자의 치료 전, 후 및 보정후의 치열궁 변화에 대한 연구를 시행하여 Quad-helix사용 전, 후 구치부의 적응 양상을 연구함으로써 임상에서 Quad-helix를 통한 치료를 시행할 때 이 장치사용에 따른 효과 및 예후에 대하여 효과를 이해함으로써 교정치료에 도움을 주고자 연구를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Quadhelix를 사용한 교정치료시 상악 제 1 소구치와 제 1 대구치는 치료전과 치료 후 및 보정후에서 교두간 폭경의 증가를 보였고 제 2 소구치에서는 치료후와 보정후간에 유의성있는 증가를 보였다. 2. 상악 제 1 소구치와 제 1 대구치의 치축은 치료전과 치료후 그리고 보정후에서 협측 경사도가 유의하게 증가를 보였으며, 상악 제 2 소구치는 치료전과 치료후 및 치료전과 보정후 비교에서 설측 경사도가 유의하게 증가를 보였다. 3. 최대 풍융부 항목에서 상악 제 1, 2소구치는 치료전과 치료후의 비교에서 유의한 증가를, 제 1 대구치에서는 치료 전, 후, 및 보정후에 유의한 증가를 보였다. 4. 상악 제 1 대구치의 설면구 폭경은 치료전, 후 및 보정기간을 통하여 유의한 증가 를 보였고, 구개 높이는 치료전과 치료후 비교시 유의한 증가를 보였다. 5. 확장시킨 상악 치열궁은 회귀현상을 보이지 않고 안정적으로 유지되었다. The purpose of this study was to measure the changes of arch and dentition of maxillary posterior teeth before and after treatment and postretentios in patients treated with Quad-helix. Measurements and analysis were performed on study model with carlipers. Seventeen cases, eight boys and nine girls, were selected with average ages of 12.7 years. Mean retention period was 4 months, and mean wearing time was 127 days. The result were as follows 1. The interpremolar widths and intermolar width were significantly increased in maxillary first premolar and molar when compared between before and after treatment and postretention. The maxillary second premolar resulted in significant increase in interpremolar between after treatment and post retention. 2.The long axis of maxillary first premolar and first molar accompaning buccaltipping was significant increased before and after Tx and post retention. Significant increase of the lingual inclination of maxillary second premolar was obsered both in before and after Tx, and before Tx and post retention. 3.The distance between the height of tooth contour was significantly increased in the first and second premolar before and after Tx, and was significant increased in the first molar before and after Tx and post retention. 4.Intermolar width at the palatal groove was increased in before and after and after Tx. and post retention. The palatal depth was significant increased in before and after Tx. In conclusion, expansion of maxillary dental arch showed no relapse and results were stable retention.

치수 치근단 병소의 전구 위험요인으로서의 제 2 형 당뇨의 역할에 관한 소고

김진희,배광식,서덕규,홍성태,이윤,홍삼표,금기연 大韓齒科保存學會 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.3

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a syndrome accompanied with the abnormal secretion or function of insulin, a hormone that plays a vital role in controlling the blood glucose level (BGL). Type 1 and 2 DM are most common form and the prevalence of the latter is recently increasing. The aim of this article was to assess whet her Type 2 DM could act as a predisposing risk factor on the pulpo-periapical pathogenesis. Previous literature on the pathologic changes of blood vessels in DM was thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, a histopathologic analysis of artificially-induced periapical specimens obtained from Type 2 diabetic and DM-resistant rats was compared. Histopathologic results demonstrate that the size of periapical bone destruction was larger and the degree of pulpal inflammation was more severe in diabetic rats, indicating that Type 2 DM itself can be a predisposing risk factor that makes the host more susceptible to pulpal infection. The possible reasons may be that in diabetic state the lumen of pulpal blood vessels are thickened by atheromatous deposits, and microcirculation is hindered. The function of polymorphonuclear leukocyte is also impaired and the migration of immune cells is blocked. leading to increased chance of pulpal infection. Also, lack of collateral circulation of pulpal blood vessels makes the pulp more susceptible to infection. These decrease the regeneration capacity of pulpal cells or tissues, delaying the healing process. Therefore, when restorative treatment is needed in Type 2 DM patients, dentists should minimize irritation to the pulpal tissue under control of BGL. 당뇨(Diabetes Mellitus)란 혈당을 조절하는 인슐린의 분비나 기능에 장애를 야기하는 질환으로 인슐린 의존성 여부에 따라 제 1 형과 제 2 형으로 분류된다. 본 종설은 최근 증가 추세에 있는 제 2 형 당뇨가 치수 치근단 병소의 병인 과정에 전구 위험 요인으로 작용할 수 있는지를 평가 하고자 문헌고찰을 통해 당뇨의 병인 과정에서 특징적으로 나타나는 혈관 합병증에 관해 알아보고, 부가적으로 제 2 형 당뇨 쥐 모델에서 인위적인 치수감염 후 얻은 치근단 조직의 조직병리학적 분석을 시행하였다. 조직학적 관찰 결과 제 2 형 당뇨 쥐에서 대조군에 비해 치수 치근단 병소의 크기가 증가하였고, 치수 염증 반응도 심하게 나타난 것으로 보아 당뇨 자체가 숙주를 감염에 취약한 상태로 만드는 전구 위험요소로 작용하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 이유로는 첫째, 당뇨 시 전반적으로 나타나는 혈관 내 죽상 침착(atheromatous deposits)에 의해 혈관 내벽의 두께가 두꺼워져 미세 순환의 장애는 물론 탐식 세포의 기능 저하, 면역 세포의 혈류 이동이 차단되어 치수 감염 시 쉽게 치근단 병소로 이환될 가능성이 높고, 둘째 치수 혈관에서 특징인 측부 순환(collateral circulation)의 부재에 따른 살균성 다형핵 백혈구의 활동 억제를 포함한 미세 혈관계의 취약성으로 인해 치수 조직의 재생능이 저하되어 추가적인 감염원의 공격에 대한 방어 및 치유 저하를 더욱 심화시키기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 제 2 형 당뇨 환자의 수복치료 시 치과의사는 당뇨 조절 하에서 치수 조직의 자극을 최소화하기 위한 세심한 처치가 필요하다.

메조포러스 물질에 담지된 팔라듐 촉매에서 메탄의 연소반응 : 티타니아 담지 효과 Effect of Titania Loading

강태구,김태진,김종호,서 곤 전남대학교 촉매연구소 1998 촉매학술발표회 Vol.- No.15

연소과정에 촉매를 사용하여 연소온도를 낮추고 완전산화시키면, 에너지를 효율적으로 이용할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 질소산화물 생성과 일산화탄소 등 불완전연소 물질을 줄일 수 있어 환경오염 방지 측면에서 매우 바람직하다. 화염이 없는 조건에서 안정적으로 열을 발생시키기 위한 중•저온 연소촉매로 활성이 높은 귀금속 성분을 지지체에 담지시켜 사용한다. 통과 유량이 크고 열 발생량이 많기 때문에, 연소촉매의 지지체는 물질과 열전달이 용이하도록 세공이 크고열적 안정성이 우수하여야 한다. 중간 크기의 세공이 발달되어 있는 메조포러스 물질은 물질전달과 열전달이 용이하다는 점에서 연소반응의 지지체로서 가능성이 높다.