해양온도차발전 Closed and Regeneration Cycle의 기본 정특성

차상원(Sang1Won Cha),김유택(You1Taek Kim),이영호(Young1Ho Lee) 한국유체기계학회 2011 한국유체기계학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.11

儒ㆍ墨ㆍ道 三家의 中國古典文學理論

車相轅 서울대학교 1966 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The Chinese literature was began in Chou (周) dynasty, so the theory of Chinese literature took on certain clearly visible features at the same time. Most cultural studies of China having as their forerunner Confucius (孔子), the author of the Six Classics (六經), its literature cannot be an exception and takes him as the first man of the literary theories. After the Confucius, Mencius (孟子) and Hsu˝n Tzuˇ(荀子) of the Confucian schools, starting from the opposite ends, each asserted their literary theories, and this fact presented a turning point in the process of Chinese literary theories. Contrary to the Confucians, there was Mo Tzu(墨子) who extolled the scientific conception of literature. Also different viewpoint from Confucians and Mo Tzuˇ, Lao Tzuˇ(老子) and Chuang Tzuˇ(莊子) developed a peculiar branch of thought. In Chin (晋)dynasty, Ko Hung(葛洪) in his conception of literature as evolution, emphasized the disconnected from the ancient formulas.

The Effect of Stefan Number on the Optimum Operating Condition for Freeze-coating on Continuous Cylinder

車相元 水原大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

뜨거운 流體속을 連續된 차가운 物體가 지나가면 初期에는 運動하는 物體 周圍에 코팅이 形成된다. 그러나 얼마 후에는 流體로부터의 對流에 依한 熱傳導 때문에 코팅이 녹기 始作하여 結局 消滅된다. 實際 産業現場에서는 코팅의 두께가 最大일 때 運動하는 物體를 流體로부터 꺼내는 것이 經濟的이다, 이 論文에서는 Stefan Number의 效果에 對하여 論하였다. The process of freeze-coating of a superheated liquid on an axially moving continuous object is investigated numerically with an exact treatment of the wall condition, i. e., allowing the local wall temperature to vary from point to point within the wall region. Also treated is heat convection from the warm liquid to the freeze coat by solving the velocity and thermal boundary layer equations for the liquid flow field adjacent to the moving object. Finite difference analysis using fully implicit scheme is performed to determine the shape of the freeze coat, the maximum freeze-coat thickness, Δmax, and the corresponding axial location, ξmax. Criteria for selection of the optimum freeze-coating operation conditions are established utilizing the computed values of Δmax and ξmax.v

Productivity Loss of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients according to the Their Stages of the Disease Activity Score

( Sang-Cheol Bae ),( Jin-Hye Cha ),( Jung-Yoon Choe ),( Sung Jae Choi ),( Soo-Kyung Cho ),( Won-Tae Chung ),( Chung-Il Joung ),( Young-Ok Jung ),( Young Mo Kang ),( Dong-Wook Kim ),( Jinseok Kim ),( Y 대한류마티스학회 2018 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Objective. Productivity loss was compared by 3-stage of disease activity and associations between higher disease activity and high productivity loss were identified. Methods. Data were extracted from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patient-reported Outcomes Research, which enrolled 2,000 RA patients (>20-year) on disease-modifying-antirheumatic-drugs (DMARDs) (≥ 6-month) from December 2012 to June 2013. This included 1,457 RA patients with the disease activity score (DAS-28-ESR) in their medical charts. Productivity loss in time and indirect cost was estimated using The World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ). Baseline characteristics and productivity loss outcomes were compared according to DAS-28-ESR groups. Results. 84.4% were females, 54.2% had low DAS-28-ESR (<3.2), and 38.2% and 7.6% had moderate (3.2∼5.1) and high DAS-28-ESR (>5.1). Patients with moderate to high DAS-28-ESR had higher lost productivity time (LPT) and monthly costs of LPT than those with low DAS-28-ESR (time in hours: 110.0±58.4 vs. 132.4±57.2 vs. 71.5±52.0, p<0.0001; monthly costs of LPT in 1,000 Korean won: 1,097±607 vs. 1,302±554 vs. 741±531, p<0.0001). Multiple regression analyses revealed significant associations with high LPT in high (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=3.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.18∼6.87) and moderate DAS-28-ESR (adjusted OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.41∼2.52) compared to low DAS-28-ESR. In addition, positive associations with high monthly costs of LPT were observed in high (adjusted OR=3.45, 95% CI: 1.98∼5.99) and moderate DAS-28-ESR (adjusted OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.43∼2.54) compared to low DAS-28-ESR. Conclusion. Timely therapeutic strategies should be taken into consideration given that the RA patients with moderate to high DAS-28-ESR showed strong associations with high productivity loss for effective management of RA. (J Rheum Dis 2018;25:122-130)

소아 급성 감염성 질환에 대한 Cefoxitin sodium의 치료 효과

차상원,김용주,변상현,이건수,정용헌 최신의학사 1991 最新醫學 Vol.34 No.12

Experimental Study of Flow Transition Phenomena on Moving Wire with Solidification

車相元 수원대학교 산업기술연구소 1998 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.13 No.-

뜨거운 수조를 축방향으로 일정한 속도로 운동하는 차가운 구리선에 얼음이 어는 현상을 구리선의 운동속도, 수조입구에서의 구리선의 온도, 그리고 수조의 온도를 바꾸어가며 실험을 수행하였다. 층류의 경우 경계층 이론에 따른 수치해석의 결과는 실험 데이터와 거의 일치함을 보이나 구리선의 속도, 수조의 온도변화에 따른 난류로의 천이현상을 관찰할 수 있었다.

Experimental Study of Solidification on Moving Wire

車相元 水原大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

뜨거운 수조를 축방향으로 일정한 속도로 운동하는 차가운 구리선에 얼음이 어는 현상을 관찰하여 수치해석적으로 계산한 결과와 비교하였다. 구리선의 운동속도, 수조입구에서의 구리선의 온도, 그리고 수조의 온도를 바꾸어 가며 실험을 수행하였다. 층류의 경우 경계층 이론에 따른 수치해석 결과는 실험 데이터와 거의 일치함을 보인다.

치주질환 진단시 프랙탈 분석의 유용성에 관한 연구

차상윤,한원정,김은경 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2001 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.31 No.1

Purpose : To evaluate the usefulness of fractal analysis for diagnosis of periodontitis. Materials and Methods : Each 30 cases of periapical films of male mandibular molar were selected in normal group and patient group which had complete furcation involvement. They were digitized at 300 dpi,256 gray levels and saved with gif format. Rectangular ROIs (10×20 pixel) were selected at furcation, interdental crest, and interdental middle 1/3 area. Fractal dimensions were calculated three times at each area by mass radius method and were determined using a mean of three measurements. We compared fractal dimensions at furcation and interdental crest area of normal group with those of patient group. And then we compared ratio of fractal dimensions at furcation area, interdental crest area to interdental middle 1/3 area. Results : Fractal dimension at interdental crest area of normal group was 1.979±0.018 and that of patient group 1.971±0.012 (p〉0.05). Fractal dimension at furcation area of normal group was 1.986±0.024 and that of patient group 1.974±0.015 (p〈 0.05). The ratio of fractal dimension at interdental crest area to interdental middle 1/3 of normal group was 1.003±0.015 and that of patient group 0.993±0.018 (p〈0.05), The ratio of fractal dimension at furcation area to interdental middle 1/3 of normal group was 1.006±0.018 and that of patient group 0.994±0.018 (p〈 0.05). Conclusion : The ratio of fractal dimension at interdental crest and furcation area to interdental middle 1/3 area showed a statistically significant difference between normal and patient group. In conclusion, it is thought that fractal analysis might be useful for the diagnosis of periodontitis.(Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2001;31:35-42)

하순 및 하악골 정중열의 치험례

차두원,김현수,백상흠,김진수,변기정 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.3

Median cleft of the lower lip and/or mandible is a rare congenital anomaly, first mentioned by Couronne in 1819. Monroe(1966), Fujino(1970), Ranta(1984) and Oostrom(1996) conducted comprehensive reviews and list cases in literature. Median cleft varies greatly, from a simple vermilion notch to a complete cleft of the lip involving the tongue, the chin, the mandible, the supporting structures of the median of the neck, and the manubrium sterni. The associated anomalies include ankyloglossia, cleft tongue, neck contraction, heart lesion, absence of hyoid bone, and so on. The etiology of median cleft is unknown. Various possibilities, such as failure of mesodermal penetration into the midline, failure of fusion of mandibular processes, external factors apart from the embryogenic pattern such as prensure, position in utero, circulatory failure caused placental adhesion, diseases in pregnancy, and so on, have been discussed. A 8-year-old girl was referred to the Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital and had been aware of the fact that at birth "she had something wrong with her mouth." Shortly after birth she had been examined by a plastic surgeon and at that time surgical procedure had been performed to release the tongue from the lower jaw and lip at local hospital. On admission, she had a slight notching of lower lip and two fibrous frenum ran from the lip along the ventral surface of the tongue, diastema between her mandibular central incisors, and slightly constricted bifid mandible associated independent movement of the two halves of mandible. The patient had autogenous iliac bone graft to reconstruct the mandibular midline defect. The postoperative result was uneventful. In future, the correction of the soft tissue deformities such as notching of the lower lip and partial ankyloglossia will be required for the esthetic and functional improvement.

둥시 장아찌 제조 과정 중 이화학적 특성 변화

차원섭,백신경,나경민,박준희,오상룡,이원영,천성숙,최웅규,조영제 한국응용생명화학회 2003 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.46 No.4

떫은감 품종의 하나인 등시를 이용하여 감장아찌 제조 중 과육의 이화학적 변화를 조사한 결과, 염도 변화는 저농도 간장 및 된장 침지의 경우 다소 완만한 증가를 보였고, 고농도의 간장 및 된장 침지의 경우 침지 기간내내 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 간장 침지액 감장아찌의 경도는 간장 및 된장 모두 20-80% 농도에서는 침지 초기에는 증가하다가 침지 기간이 경과할수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 간장 침지 감장아찌의 색도 변화는 저장기간이 경과할수록 명도가 낮아지는 경향이었고, 적색도와 황색도는 침지액 농도를 달리하였을 경우 농도가 낮을수록, 침지 기간이 길어질수록 높았으며, 침지액 농도에 따른 차이는 크지 않았다. 침지액의 간장 및 된장의 농도를 달리하였을 때 감장아찌 중의 탄닌함량의 변화는 모든 침지액 농도에서 침지 기간이 지속될수록 탄닌의 함량은 저장 초기에 서서히 감소되다가 침지 기간이 길어질수록 급격히 감소하였으며, 첨가량에 따른 탄닌함량의 변화폭은 크지 않았다. 침지액의 간장 및 된장의 농도를 달리하였을 때 감과육에 존재하는 연화효소인 polygalacturonase와 pectinesterase 활성 변화는 간장침지 및 된장침지 모두 침지 초기부터 효소활성이 증가하기 시작하였으며 침지 기간이 경화할수록 효소활성은 더욱 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었고, 침지액의 농도가 높아질수록 효소활성이 억제되었다. Changes of physicochemical properties during the preparation of persimmon pickles were investigated. The salinity in persimmon pickles increased during storage time (0~50 days) with soy sauce and soy paste. When the fermented soy sauce and soy paste was added to the soaking solution with 80~100%, the salinity increased more rapidly. The hardness of persimmon pickles with soy sauce and soy paste was slightly increased up to the 20 or 30th day of storage and then decreased. L value of persimmon pickles was gradually decreased, but a and b value were slightly increased. The concentration of soluble tannin in persimmon pickles was slightly decreased down to the 20th day of storage and then decreased rapidly. The activities of polygalacturonase and pectinesterase as softening enzyme in persimmon pickles with soy sauce and soy paste increased during storage time (0-50 days) and enzyme activity was inhibited by high concentration of soaking solution.