포도알균 균혈증 환자에서 사망 예측 위험인자

문수연,이미숙,손준성,이희주,이상오 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.3

Background : Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of severe infection and frequently results in death or disability. We investigated potential risk factors influencing clinical outcome in S. aureus bacteremia (SAB). Materials and Methods : Our study is based on retrospective chart review for episodes of SAB from 168 patients, identified between January 2003 and December 2005. Twenty patients were excluded: 2 patients with infective endocarditis and 18 patients with metastatic lesions. Demographic, underlying diseases, sources of SAB, antimicrobial therapy, laboratory, and microbiologic characteristics were identified. Outcome was classified as death or survival 12 weeks after onset of SAB. Results : A total of 97 patients had survived and 51 patients died 12 weeks after the onset of SAB. Death group was older (66.4±13.6 vs. 59.4±14.9 years, P=0.007) and had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II system score (17.5±6.3 vs. 13.5±5.1, P<0.001) and the acute physiology score (11.1±5.5 vs. 8.0±4.3, P<0.001). Patients with nosocomial SAB (36 (70.6%) vs. 49 (50.5%), P=0.03] and ineradicable primary source of SAB (46 (90.2%) vs. 66 (68.0%), P=0.005] were more vulnerable to death. Multivariate analysis shows that hospital acquisition [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.93), ineradicable primary source (adjusted OR=5.74) and high APACHE II score (adjusted 0R=1.22) lead to higher mortality rate from SAB. Conclusion : Our study shows hospital acquisition, ineradicable primary source, and high APACHE II score are the risk factors related to death from SAB. On the other hand, methicillin resistance or initially ineffective antimicrobial therapy is not much correlated with mortality rate from SAB. 목적 : 황색포도알균은 중증 감염의 흔한 원인이며, 사망하거나 합병증이 발생하는 경우가 종종 있다. 본 연구를 통해 황색포도알균 균혈증 환자에서 임상적 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 위험인자를 확인해 보고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 본 연구는 2003년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 3년간 168 명의 환자에서 발생한 황색포도알균 균혈증에 대해 후향적 의무기록 조사를 바탕으로 이루어졌다. 성별, 나이, 기저 질환, 황색포도알균 균혈증의 원발 병소, 항생제 사용력과 미생물학적 특징에 대한 자료를 모았으며, 균혈증 발생 당시 질환의 중증도는 acute physiology score (APS)와 APACHE II 점수(acute physiology and conic health evaluation II system, APACHE II score)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과는 균혈증 발생 12 주 후 사망과 생존으로 나누어 분석하였다. 결과 : 황색포도알균 균혈증 발생 12 주 후 97명의 환자가 생존하였으며, 51명이 사망하였다. 사망 환자 군이 나이가 더 많았으며(66.4±13.6 vs. 59.5±14.9세, P=0.007), APACHE II 점수(17.5±6.3 vs. 13.5±5.1, P<0.001)와 APS (11.1±5.5 vs. 8.0±4.3, P<0.001)가 높았다. 병원 내 감염에 의한 황색포도알균 균혈증 환자[36 (70.62%) vs. 49 (50.5%), P=0.030]와 제거 불가능한 원발 병소를 지닌 경우[46 (90.2%) vs. 66 (68.0%), P=0.005] 사망위험성 이 높았다. 다 변량 분석에 의하면 병원 내 감염[adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.93]과 제거 불가능한 원발 병소(adjusted OR=5.74), 높은 APACHE II 점수(adjusted 0R=1.22)에 의해 황색포도알균에 의한 사망률이 증가하였다 결론 : 본 연구에서 병원 내 감염과 제거 불가능한 원발 병소, 높은 APACHEH 점수가 황색포도알균 균혈증에 의한 사망과 관련된 위험인자이다. 반면, 메티실린 내성과 초기 부적절한 항생제 사용은 황색포도알균 균혈증의 사망률과 연관성이 없었다.

교사의 스포츠 참가와 의사소통 및 학교 조직 유효성의 관계

윤상문 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This research has an intention of studying the relation among Teachers' Sports Participation, Communication Satisfaction and School Organizational Effectiveness. The conclusion obtained from this research through these methods and processes of inquiry is : The first, Communication Satisfaction is partially changed by the form of Teachers' Sports Participation. Sports participations inside school and in-and-outside school raise the degree of organizational unity higher than sports participation outside school. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the personal feedback higher than sports participation inside school and outside school. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the quality of communication higher than sports participation inside school and outside school. The second, School Organizational Effectiveness is partially changed by the form of Teachers' Sports Participation. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the degree of immersion in the organization higher than sports participation inside school and outside school. Sports participation in-and-outside school raises the organization adaptability higher than sports participation inside school. The third, Teacher's Communication Satisfaction partially influences on School Organizational Effectiveness. The higher the quality of communication and horizontal·unofficial communication, the higher the degree of immersion in the organization, organization adaptability, satisfaction on duties and entire School Organizational Effectiveness.

Ethylenediamine 유도체가 in Vitro에서 중금속의 Rat 회장투과에 미치는 영향

문상연,노영수 한국분자생물학회 1994 분자생물학뉴스 Vol.22 No.-

장간막의 염증성 근섬유모세포종 - 1예 보고 -

임성직,김교영,박재훈,김윤화,박용구,이주희,양문호 대한병리학회 1999 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.33 No.9

한국무용 전공자의 근 기능 특성 연구

문성철,백연옥 仁荷大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2001 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this study was to find the trait on the muscle strength, power and endurance of Korean dancer in high school. 16 subjects of high school dancer(Korean dancer; 8, ballerina; 8) were recruited randomly for this experimental study. All subjects were healthy dancers with out acute or chronic injuries. Subjects were tested for knee extension and flexion, ankle extension and flexion on a Cybex-II isokinetic dynamometer of made Lumex Co. in U.S.A. The results of analysis on the data obtained from each measurement were as follows: 1.The trait of muscle strength of Korean dancer was showed to higher deficit of peak torque for knee flexion between left and right, to higher peak torque(peak torque/weight ratio) for left knee extension, to higher peak torque of left ankle flexion(peak torque/weight ratio), to lower deficit of peak torque for ankle flexion between left and right, to lower peak torque of left ankle extension(peak torque/weight ratio) and the right ankle peak torque/weight ratio, and to higher left ankle ipsilateral balance. 2.The trait of muscle power of Korean dancer was showed to higher deficit of peak torque for knee flexion power between left and right, to higher peak torque(peak torque/weight ratio) for left knee extension power, to lower deficit of peak torque for knee extension power between left and right, to higher left ankle flexion power (peak torque/weight ratio), to lower left ankle extension power(peak torque/weight ratio), and to higher deficit of peak torque for ankle extension power between left and right. 3.The trait of muscle endurance of Korean dancer was showed to higher peak torque for left knee extension endurance.

TFC을 이용한 하부 요추골에서 후방 추체간 융합술

윤승환,조준,문창택,장상근 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2000 건국의과학학술지 Vol.10 No.-

To determine which factors influence the successful results in the patients who underwent lumbar arthrodesis with TFC(threaded fusion cage) at L34 to L5S1 intervertebral space. 20 subjects were analysed in retrospective method. Between January 1997 and April 1998, interbody fusion with TFC was undergone on 20 patients, and among them, 19 patients(95% ) were confirmed to have bone fusion at 12 months after operation. All patients were classified into group A(satisfactory results) and group B(unsatisfactory results) according to comprehensive low back questionnaires from their answer. They were checked with reference to intervertebral disc height and scoliotic, and lordotic angle with Cobb's method in the anterioposterior and lateral lumbar spine films before/after operation, and TFC diameter and length were categorized. In group A, 11 cases(55%) of "excellent" results and 5 cases(25%) of "good" results were included. In group B, 2 cases(10%) of "fair" results and 2 cases (10%) of "poor" results were included. In the lateral projection of group A and B. the mean preoperative disc height were 9.88±2.69mm and 10.45±2.39mm. Twelve months after operation, the mean disc height of group A was significantly increased to 14.11±2.14mm, but that in group B was not significantly increased only to 11.50±2.52mm. Preoperatively, the measured scoliotic and lordotic angles between L1 and S1 by Cobb's method were similar in both groups, being 4.18±3.58 and 26.75±6.64 degree in the group A, 3.50±2.65 and 33.25± 13.10 degreee in the group B. Twelve months after operation, the angles for group A were significantly improved to 0 and 48.13±11.83 degree, but in group B, not changed into 4.50±4.79 and 33.75±10.31 degree. The mean diameter and length of TFC in group A were, in each, 15.62± 1.09mm and 24.44±2.39mm but, 12.50±1.00mm and 21.00±0.00mm in those of group B. For successful results after TFC interbody fusion in the lower lumbar spine, recovery of narrow disc space, scoliosis, lordosis accompanied by solid arthrodesis were necessary. The authors propose that relatively larger-sized TFC should be profitable for those cases.

BRS 생체정보 분석방법(分析方法)의 정확도(正確度) 확인 연구

유상구,임무열,오상문,유경배,신연호,박병운,이완희 한국정신과학학회 1998 韓國精神科學學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

BRS는 인간의 잠재능력을 적극적으로 계발 · 활용하여 임의의 시료에 대한 미지 (未知)의 생체정보 (Bio-Information)를 편리하게 분석할 수 있는 효과적이고 경제적인 분석장비이다. 그러나 BRS와 관련된 분석방법 자체의 정확도에 대한 연구는 충분하게 이루어지지 않고 있다. 그래서 BRS 분석방법의 정확도를 과학적으로 확인해보기 위해서 본 연구를 진행했다 실험결과, BRS에 의한 생체정보 분석방법 의 정확도는 측정자의 숙련정도에 따라 다르지만 고급 측정자의 경우에는 95% 이상의 높은 확률로 표준시료의 생체정보를 정확하게 분석할 수 있으며, 측정자의 분석능력이 떨어지는 경우에는 여러 명의 측 정자를 대상으로 비교검토(Cross-Check) 방식으로 실험을 보완하면 90% 이상의 정확도를 확보할 수 있었다. BRS is a sort of analysis-instrument which help to estimate some Bio-Information for a sample conveniently and effectively But, for lack of the study to verify the confidence-degree of the Bio-Information analysis method related to BRS, the availability of the method is not known clearly yet, It was the reason that made authors perform this study And It was possible to arrive at the following two conclusions I though the confidence-degree of the Bio-Information analysis method ny BRS was different according to the degree of the expertness of a person using the instrument in the case of the very skillful expert, the confidence-degree for the standard sample used in this study was reached to 95% up 2 In the general case, to improve of the confidence-degree of the Bio-Information analysis method by BRS, the cross-check method by the several measuring person can be introduced.

폐암에서 CYFRA 21-1과 다른 종양표지자의 진단적 의의

이상구,이호현,전병철,김성자,이영현,김문연,하경임 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

폐암의 확실한 조직학적 진단이 어려울 경우 종양표지자의 검사가 보조적인 진단 수단이 되고, 조기 진단이나 경과 관찰에 이용되고 있다. 이에 저자는 CYFRA 21-1이 폐암의 종양표지자로서 효용성이 있는지 판정하고, CYFRA 21-1과 다른 폐암 종양표지자인 SCC Ag, CEA, NSE의 폐암의 조직학적 유형에 따른 민감도와 특이도를 비교하였다. 그리고 병기 진행에 따른 CYFRA 21-1치의 증가 여부를 관찰하고, 4가지 종양표지자를 동시에 측정하였을 때의 진단적 효용성을 비교하고자 하였다. 이 연구는 1994년 12월부터 1995년 11월까지 동국대학병원에 입원한 폐암 환자 40명과 양성 폐질환 환자 40명을 대상으로 하였다. 편평상피세포암 21명, 선암 10명, 소세포암 7명, 대세포암 2명이었다. 혈청 CYFRA 21-1의 cytokeratin 19 분절에 대한 쥐의 두 가지 단일 클론항체(KS 19-1과 BM 19-21)를 이용하는 RIA방법으로 측정하였다. CEA는 MEIA 방법으로, SCC 항원과 NSE는 RIA로 측정 하였다. 1. CYFRA 21-1의 혈중 농도는 폐암군 22.08±43.00ng/mL, 양성 폐질환군 1.14±1.04ng/mL로 폐암군에서 양성 폐질환군보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 폐암환자군에서 55%의 양성율을 보였고, SCC 항원 30%, CEA 44.7%, NSE 54.5%의 양성율을 나타내 CYFRA 21-1이 가장 높은 양성율을 보였다. 2.CYFRA 21-1은 비소세포암군 23.79±44.49ng/mL, 소세포암군 13.90±33.57ng/mL로 양군에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 폐암환자군에서 민감도와 특이도는 CYFRA 21-1 55.0%와 96.7%, SCC항원 30.0%와 96.4%, CEA 42.5%와 92.8%, NSE 36.4%, 76.9%로 CYFRA 21-1에서 가장 높은 민감도와 특이도를 보였다. 폐암의 조직학적 유형에 따른 민감도는 편평상피세포암에서 CYFRA 21-1이 61.9%로 CYFRA 21-1의 민감도가 가장 높았고, 선암에서는 CEA가 88.8%로, 소세포암에서는 NSE가 85.7%로 가장 민감도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 비소세포암군에서 CYFRA 21-1치는 병기가 진행됨에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 4. 폐암환자에서 단일 종양표지자를 측정하는 것 보다 동시에 여러 종양표지자를 측정하는 것이 특이도는 떨어지나 민감도는 80.0%로 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며 정확도에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 양성 표지나 수에 따른 비교분석시 폐암의 상대 예측도는 두 표지자 양성인 경우가 76.5%, 3가지 표지자와 4가지 모든 표지자에서 양성으로 나온 경우는 100%로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 CYFRA 21-1은 새로운 폐암의 종양표지자로 기존의 종양표지자 보다 민감도가 높고 비소세포암 특히, 편평상피세포암에 유용한 표지자로 사료되며, 폐암이 의심되는 환자에서 단일 종양 표지자를 측정하는 것 보다 수종의 종양표지자를 동시에 측정하는 것이 진단에 더욱 도움이 되리라 생각된다. Background: Cytokeratin 19 is a subunit of cytokeratin intermediate filament expressed in simple epithelia and their malignant counterparts. A fragment of cytokeratin subunit 19 can be measured in serum with a immunoradiometric assay using two mouse MoAb KS 19-1 and BM 19-21. Thus this cytokeratin 19 fragment is referred to as CYFRA 21-1. The aims of this study are to evaluate the clinical utility of CYFRA 21-1 in the diagnosis of lung cancer and to compare the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CYFRA 21-1 with those of CEA, SCC Ag, NSE according to histological type of lung cancer. Methods: In 40 patients with lung cancer(21 with squamous cell carcinoma, 10 with adenocarcinoma, 7 with small cell carcinoma, 2 with large cell carcinoma) and 40 patients with non-malignant lung disease, serum CYFRA 21-1 was measured by solid-phase immunoradiometric assay(CIS Bio International, France). Serum NSE and SCC Ag were measured by immunoradiometric assay, and CEA was measured by microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Results: 1) The mean value of CYFRA 21-1 was 22.08±43.00ng/mL in the lung cancer and 1.11±1.04ng/mL in me non-malignant lung disease group(P<O.O5). 2) Using the cut-off value of 3.3ng/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of CYFRA 21-1 were 55.0%, 96.7% in the lung cancer. The sensitivity of CYFRA 21.1 was 61.9% in squamous cell carcinoma 3) The level of CYFRA 21-1 was increasing tendency with the progression of stage in non-small cell carcinoma but statistically not significant. 4) Simultaneous determination of four tumor markers revealed increased sensitivity to 50.0% in lung cancer. As the number of positive markers was increased, the relative possibility of lung cancer was also increased. If two markers were positive, it increased to 76.5% and three markers were positive, it increased to 100%.5 Conclusions: CYFRA 21-1 is a useful serum marker for patients with lung cancer, especially in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The simultaneous measurement of CYFRA 21-1, CEA. SCC Ag and NSE would provide additional information for the diagnosis of lung cancer, especially in patients with high risk group of lung cancer.

熱傳達 및 熱損失을 考慮한 冷凍사이클의 解析

金壽淵,文晟基,鄭仁基 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1986 연구보고 Vol.14 No.2

For the refrigeration system using the reversed Carnot cycle, maximum conditions of effectiveness and available energy output are studied with taking account of the heat transfer between heat sources and the cycle, and of the heat loss due to heat leakage into the cold heat source. The extremum of the effectiveness exists for the variables T₁and T??. Therefore, the desirable results in engineering applications that available energy output is not zero under maximum condition of the effectiveness are obtained. In addition, the extremum of the available energy output does not exists for the variable T₁a but for the variable T??. As the heat loss increases, the availible energy output and the effectiveness decrease, the regions of T₁and T?? where the refrigeration system is possible to operate become smaller.

CPPU유도 참다래 단위결과 과실의 특성

조윤섭,조혜성,박문영,박재옥,박태동,김월수 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study was designed to find out an alternative to artificial pollination in kiwifruit production. The parthenocarpic kiwifruits induced by (N-2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N-phenyl urea (CPPU) treatment tended to be less attractive due to deep furrowing and excessive outgrowth of stigma in mature fruits. Especially, on flower buds after CPPU spray, severe fruit-drop was induced. It was considered enough to spray CPPU at more than 4ppm to attain sufficient fruit set but needed to spray CPPU at more than 16ppm to attain marketable fruit size. When CPPU at 16ppm was sprayed to the same flower once, twice or three time, the fruits received CPPU treatment more time was larger but less attractive. Application of CPPU mare than at 16ppm seemed to be necessary to produce fruits heavier than 80 gr. Enlargement of the fruits received CPPU treatment mainly occurred cross wisely and vertical development was not affected and thickening of outer pericarp primarily contributed to the fruit enlargement. Difference in flesh color or contents of vitamin C and sugars between control fruits and CPPU-treated fruits was not noticed. In conclusion, CPPU treatment to induce parthenocarpic kiwifruits could be commercially applicable, only the method for improving fruit appearance is worked out.