외환위기 전후 금리·환율·주가 변동성에 관한 분석 : 금융시장간 변동성 전이를 중심으로

윤옥자,강규호 한국은행 2004 經濟分析 Vol.10 No.1

As regulations in financial markets have been substantially alleviated through financial liberalization and market opening following the currency crisis, asset prices such as interest rates, the exchange rate and stock prices may reflect diverse information more efficiently. But at the same time, the increased volatility of asset prices may give rise to financial unrest. Based on a multivariate GARCH model, this paper studies volatility dynamics in bond, foreign exchange and stock markets and examines whether there exist volatility spillovers across the three markets in pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. The results show that there are volatility spikes where volatility increases in the short term and promptly returns to the average level in all three markets. Average volatility levels are substantially higher after crisis than in the pre-crisis period. From the aspect of volatility spillover, a shock occurring in a particular market is found to be transmitted to other markets instantly in the post-crisis period when market linkages had been augmented due to financial liberalization and capital market opening. The stock market, especially, is found to play a leading role in inter-market volatility spillovers. This is attributable to the fact that most of the foreign capital for portfolio investment since the crisis has flowed into the stock market. 외환위기를 거치면서 금융 자유화개방화의 진전으로 각종 규제와 제한이 크게 완화됨에 따라 금리, 환율, 주가 등 금융자산가격은 다양한 정보를 보다 효율적으로 반영하게 되었다. 그러나 이 과정에서 가격변동위험이 증대됨에 따라 금융불안이 심화될 가능성은 더욱 커지게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 다변량 GARCH모형을 이용하여 외환위기 전후 채권외환주식시장의 변동성 행태변화와 각 시장간 변동성전이(volatility spillover)관계를 분석한 후 정책적 시사점을 찾아보았다. 분석 결과 금리환율주가변화율에 있어서 변동성이 단기적으로 크게 확대되었다가 평균수준으로 복귀하는 변동성 급변(volatility spike)현상이 빈번하게 발생하였을 뿐 아니라 외환위기 이후 변동성의 크기가 대체로 확대된 것으로 나타났다. 변동성 전이의 측면에서는 외환위기 이후 금융시장의 자유화개방화 등으로 금융시장간 연계성이 한층 강화되면서 어느 한 시장의 충격이 다른 시장에 보다 신속하고 밀접하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 주식시장이 금융시장간 변동성 전이의 주도적 시장으로 등장한 것으로 밝혀졌는데 이는 외환위기 이후 대규모 외국인 포트폴리오투자자금이 주식시장으로 유입되었기 때문으로 보인다. 따라서 통화당국은 장기금리 안정화를 위해 채권시장뿐 아니라 주식 및 외환 시장에 대한 모니터링을 강화해야 할 것이며, 금융자산가격이 보다 안정적으로 형성되고 외부충격이 효과적으로 흡수될 수 있도록 지속적인 시장선진화와 구조조정 노력을 해 나가야 할 것이다.

하지 분절 각도에 따른 수의 등척성 수축(MVIC)시 근전도 비교

김정자,이민형,김연정,채원식,한윤수,권선옥 한국운동역학회 2005 한국운동역학회지 Vol.15 No.1

J. J. KIM, M. H. LEE, Y. J. KIM, W. S. CHAE, Y. S. HAN, O. KWON. Comparison of the maximum EMG levels recorded in maximum effort isometric contractions at five different knee flexion angles. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 197-206, 2005. The purpose of this study was to quantify the maximum EMG levels and determine if there are differences in these EMG levels with respect to different knee flexion angles. Eight university students with no known musculoskeletal disorders were recruited as the participants. The maximum voluntary isometric knee extensions and flexions were taken from each participant sat on the isokinetic exercise machine (Cybex 340) at five different knee flexion angles (10?30?50?70? 90?. After surface electrodes were attached to rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus laterlis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus, maximum EMG levels at five different knee flexion angles were measured. The results showed that there was no significant difference in maximum EMG levels among five different knee flexion angles. Although there was no significant difference in EMG levels and were some variations among different knee flexion angles, the EMG signals of quadriceps in extension and biceps femoris in flexion were the greatest at 30? It seems that different joint angles or relative locations of body segments might affect the magnitude of EMG levels. Because the maximum EMG levels could change with a different knee flexion angle, an attempt should be made to more accurately measure these values. If then, %MVIC measure provides more reliable data and is most appropriate for EMG normalization.

간호 지식관리시스템 개발

민효숙,문원희,김미자,김선미,황윤신,황관옥,심희숙 충남대학교 간호과학연구소 2006 충남대 간호학술지 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study were to develop Knowledge Management System for the nurse and to identify its effectiveness. The program was developed in development of the contents and programing. And the system was operated to 85 nurse for three weeks. Data collection were performed during the period of May 1, 2005 to December 30, 2005. The data was collected from 85 nurses using questionnaires. In order to ascertain the validity of clinical application of the system, Prior experience of the computer mediated communication, user satisfaction and utilization were analyzed. The instruments for the study were satisfaction(Kim, 2000), utilization(Kim, 2002). The collected data were analysed by descriptive statistics, using SPSS WIN 11.0 program. The results showed average score which is the satisfaction(6.09) showed middle satisfaction scores. It is concluded that if Nursing Knowledge Management System is operated considering all the above factors, It wound be one of the best qualified continuing clinical method for nurses.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.

간세포암종에 대한 간동맥 화학색전술 후 발생한 급성호흡곤란증후군

조윤원,이정미,최자윤,유동훈,차라리,오혜원,김홍준,민현주,김현진,정운태,이옥재,하창윤,이선영 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2013 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.36 No.1

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has become an effective alternative treatment strategy for patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although TACE is relatively safe, acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with pulmonary lipiodol embolism is a rare and potentially fatal complication. We report a rare case of acute respiratory distress syndrome after TACE for inoperable HCC. A 75-year-old man, with huge HCC in right lobe, was treated by TACE for the first time. Seven hours after uneventful TACE procedure, he felt dyspneic and his oxygen saturation recorded by pulse oximetry (SpO2) fell to 80% despite of applying non-rebreathing mask. He underwent mechanical ventilation with a protective ventilatory strategy. We experienced a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome after TACE for HCC.

Preparation and Thermal Properties Evaluation of Polyethylene Oxide and Nitrogen-Functionalized Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhisker Composite Nanofibers via Electrospinning

Ok Ja Yoon(윤옥자) 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.6

본 연구는 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드/질소기가 형성된 박테리아 셀룰로오스 나노휘스커(PEO/N-BCNWs) 복합 나노섬유를 제작하였다. PEO/N-BCNWs 복합 나노섬유는 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드 나노섬유, 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드/박테리아 셀룰로오스 나노휘스커 복합 나노섬유와 비교하여 직경이 가늘어 졌고 균일하게 형성되었음을 확인하였고, 열중량 분석으로부터 ash가 높게 남아있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 시차 주사 열량계 분석으로부터 융합점이나 결정화 온도가 농도 증가에 따라서 감소되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러 결과들로부터 기능화된 N-BCNWs를 필러로써 복합화한 나노섬유의 열적 특성 변화를 확인할 수 있었고 바이오나 센서 등의 응용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. Composite of polyethylene oxide (PEO)/nitrogen-containing bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (N-BCNWs) were prepared using an electrospinning method and compared to electrospun PEO and composite of PEO/bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNWs). N-BCNWs were prepared by plasma treatment of BCNWs using a microwave oven, after which the presence of nitrogen-containing functional groups (2.74%) on their surface was confirmed. The diameter of the electrospun PEO/N-BCNWs was smaller than that of PEO/BCNWs composite nanofibers with the same PEO and BCNW concentrations. The weight losses, melting temperature and crystallization temperature of PEO/N-BCNWs were also lower than those of the other electrospun samples. These results show that the nitrogen-functionalized BCNWs used as a filler in the PEO polymer are suitable for application in humidity sensor and biomedical fields.

Oil Absorption Capacity of Polyethylene Oxide Nanofiber Sheets for Oil Blotting Cosmetic Sheets

Ok Ja Yoon(윤옥자) 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.6

본 연구는 기존에 시판되고 있는 화장용 기름 흡수 쉬트 제품들과 비교하여 친환경적으로 분해성이 좋고 높은 표면적과 기름 흡수 능력을 가지는 제품 개발를 목적으로 하였다. 유기용매를 사용하지 않고 물에 잘 녹는 양친성 고분자인 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드(PEO)를 전기방사 방법을 이용하여 직경이 다른 두 종류의 나노섬유 쉬트를 개발하였고, 기름 흡수 및 보유 능력, 기름 흡수 후 광 투과성, 표면적, 열적 및 기계적 특성 평가를 수행하였다. 표면적이 높은 PEO 나노섬유 쉬트가 기존 제품과 비교하여 기름 흡수 능력이 11배 증가하였고 열적 및 기계적 특성 또한 향상됨을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 화장품 시장 및 의료 분야에 응용가능성을 확인하였다. Oil blotting cosmetic sheets are important products in the cosmetic and healthcare applications. However, they are limited by their relatively low oil absorption capacity due to their low surface area. In this study, I used an electrospinning method to develop two types of polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofiber sheets with a large surface area. The properties of sheet, such as the change in the optical transmittance due to oil absorption, the oil absorption capacity, the oil retention capacity, the specific surface area, and thermal and mechanical properties, were evaluated. The oil absorption capacity of PEO nanofiber sheets (25 gauge) was found to be about 11 times greater than that of commercial oil blotting cosmetic sheets and the surface area, as well as the thermal and mechanical properties, increased slightly compared to PEO nanofiber sheets (21 gauge). PEO exhibit ideal characteristics of oil sorbent materials. Therefore, PEO nanofiber sheets with a high surface area are expected to exhibit greater oil absorption capacity than conventional oil blotting cosmetic sheets.

A Hydrogen Peroxide Electrochemical Sensor Based on an Alginate/Water-Soluble Prussian Blue/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Modified Electrode

Ok Ja Yoon(윤옥자) 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.6

다양한 바이오 응용에서 중요한 측정 인자인 과산화 수소(H₂O₂) 센서를 개발하기 위하여, 알지네이트(A) 용액에 수용성 프러시안 블루(s-PB), 그리고 환원된 그래핀 옥사이드(rGO)를 분산시켜 전극 소재를 만들었고 탄소 스크린 프린트 전극에 복합 용액을 젤화 과정을 통해 전극에 고정시켰다. 젤화 과정에서 전극 소재에 남아 있는 염을 제거하기 위하여 충분히 수세를 한 후 실온에서 건조하였다. 전극 소재의 특성은 푸리에 변환 적외선 (FTIR), 전계방출 주사 전자 현미경(FE-SEM)으로 조사하였다. A/s-PB/rGO 전극을 이용한 순환 전류(CV) 측정 결과를 통해 전극으로써 우수한 전기 화학 반응, 안정성, 재현성을 확인하였고, 미분 펄스 볼타 그램(DPV)으로 측정한 산화 전류는 4 mM(S/N = 3)의 검출 한계와 높은 감도(2.7 ㎂ · mM-1· ㎝-2)를 나타내었다. 전기화학적 센서 기반의 전극 개발은 의학 및 환경 응용 분야에서 매우 중요하게 활용될 것으로 판단된다. An electrochemical H₂O₂ sensor was developed using an alginate/water-soluble prussian blue/reduced graphene oxide (A/s-PB/rGO) composite on carbon screen printed electrodes for use in bioapplications. Carbon screenprinted working electrodes were modified with A/s-PB, A/rGO, and A/s-PB/rGO composite solutions by in situ gelation. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The cyclic voltammetric measurements made using the electrode modified by A/s-PB/rGOs showed improved electrochemical reaction and stability over the A/s-PB and A/rGO modified electrodes. A two-electron transfer process is indicated at the modified electrode surface. The oxidation current showed a detection limit of 4 mM (S/N = 3) and linear range of 4–28 mM. The A/s-PB/rGO modified electrode provides a tool for high-sensitivity (2.7 ㎂·mM-1·㎝-2) and stable H₂O₂ analyses with a low limit of detection. Development of biosensor-based modified electrodes is important for biomedical and environmental applications.

Enhancement of Thermomechanical Properties of Poly(D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) and Graphene Oxide Composite Films for Scaffolds

Ok Ja Yoon,Il Yung Sohn,Duck Jin Kim,Nae-Eung Lee 한국진공학회 2012 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2012 No.2