SMAC법에 의한 유체입자 충돌의 수치시뮤레이션

김남형,김남국 제주대학교 해양연구소 1996 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.20 No.-

It is important to clarify the collision of water particles which change rapidly due to the time and space. SMAC method modified the original MAC, which is one of the numerical techniques for the handling time dependent variation of fluid flows, is employed. The Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible time-depe-ndent viscous flow is applied and, Also marker particles which move with the fluids are used. The transient aspects can be computed for as much elapsed time as desired. Two-dimensional numerical analysis problems of the collision of water particles are carried out.

SMAC법을 이용한 물기둥 붕괴의 수치시뮬레이션

김남형,김남국 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.24 No.-

SMAC method is, one of the numerical simulation techniques. modified from the original MAC for the time-dependent variation of fluid flows. The Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible time-dependent viscous flow is applied. and also marker particles which move with the fluid are used. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of the collapse of water column are carried out. This paper has shown the very well computation results of the collapse of water column using SMAC method.

SMAC법을 이용한 물기둥 붕괴의 수치시뮬레이션

김남형,김남국 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.24 No.-

SMAC method is, one of the numerical simulation techniques, modified from the original MAC for the time-dependent variation of fluid flows, The Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible time-dependent viscous flow is applied, and also marker particles which move with the fluid are used. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of the collapse of water column are carried out. This paper has shown the very well computation results of the collapse of water column using SMAC method.

성장발육에 따른 흰쥐의 악관절 신경분포의 변화

배용철,김영진,박국필,김현정,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibers in rat squamosomandibular joint with postnatal development. Squamosomandibular joint with adjacent tissue of 8 groups of rats(1,5,10,15,20,25,35-postnatal day and adult groups) were removed en bloc and processed for immunohistochemistry and were subjected to light microscopic examination. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The anterior portion of the articular disk was most densely innervated, followed by the posterior, lateral, and medial portions in each group. 2. Increase of CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibers was evident in 10,15,20 postnatal day groups. 3. Almost no CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed in articular surface of disk proper, mandibular fossa and condyle head of each group. These result suggest that CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibers increased in synovial membrane and peripheral portion of articular disk during 10-20 postnatal day may play a important role in squamosomandibular joint function after weaning period.

나트륨-수증기 반응에 대한 실험적 연구

정지영,정경채,김병호,김태준,최종현,박남국 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.2

An experimental study for the investigation of the sodium-steam reaction phenomena was carried out. No significant aggressive explosion phenomena were observed as compared with that of sodium-water reactions. It was also observed that the rate of increase of reaction temperature decreases with increasing initial temperature of liquid sodium and that the temperature of the target depends upon the flow rate of injected steam.

폴리에스테르 섬유 감량시스템용 프로세서 타이트레이터 개발

조진호,이흥락,이종현,김명남,구성모,김무영,진경찬,유병희,강민수,김국진 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1993 연차보고서 Vol.1993 No.-

폴리에스테르 섬유 감량시스템의 제어를 위해서는 처리조 내에서 감량되는 섬유가 목표 감량치에 도달했는지를 판단해 주는 장치가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 가성소다용액의 초농도 및 섬유 감량 정도의 정확한 측정과 감량 종료시간의 산출 및 이에 따른 종료신호를 발생할 수 있는 폴리에스테르 섬유 감량기 전용의 자동적정장치를 개발하였다. To control caustic soda treatment system for the polyester fabric reduction, we need the device to determine that the fabric has been arrived target reduction value. In this study, we develope an automatic process titrator for the caustic soda treatment system. Major functions of the target titrating system are accurate measurements of the caustic soda concentration and then producing the end point signal for caustic soda treatment system.

나트륨-물 반응 사고 중/후반기 거동특성 연구

정지영,어재혁,정경채,김병호,김종만,김태준,박남국 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

Generally, the analysis of a sodium-water reaction (SWR) is classified by two major events. One is the very initial stage of peak pressure and shock wave propagation caused by the reaction itself, and the other is the bulk motion including the mass transfer phase in the quasi-steady state of the reaction period during several second or minute orders after leak initiation. The system dynamic response during a sodium-water reaction event shows very different characteristics between the initial stage and the long-term period. In order to investigate the later phase of a SWR event. the code SELPSTA (Sodium-water reaction Event Later Phase System Transient Analyzer) has been developed and the desing and construction of the test facility has been made.

상추(Lactuca sativa L.)의 ACAT 억제 Diterpenoid, Phytol : 식용 식물자원으로부터 활성물질의 탐색 Development of Biologically Active Compound from Edible Plant Sources

장태오,방면호,송명종,홍윤희,김지영,정대균,배동근,권병목,김영국,이현선,김인호,백남인 한국농화학회 2003 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.46 No.1

How Can Non-Chaebol Companies Thrive in the Chaebol Economy?

Nam Kuk Kim,Sanjit Sengupta,Dong-jae Kim 한국마케팅과학회 2009 마케팅과학연구 Vol.19 No.3

While existing literature has focused extensively on the strengths and weaknesses of the Chaebol and their ownership and governance, there have been few studies of Korean non-Chaebol firms. However, Lee, Lee and Pennings (2001) did not specifically investigate the competitive strategies that non-Chaebol firms use to survive against the Chaebol in the domestic Korean Market. The motivation of this paper is to document, through four exploratory case studies, the successful competitive strategies of non-Chaebol Korean companies against the Chaebol and then offer some propositions that may be useful to other. entrepreneurial firms as well as public policy makers. Competition and cooperation as conceptualized by product similarity and cooperative inter-firm relationship respectively, are major dimensions of firm-level marketing strategy. From these two dimensions, wedevelop the following 2 × 2 matrix, with 4 types of competitive strategies for non-Chaebol companies against the Chaebol (Fig. 1.). The non-Chaebol firm in Cell 1 has a "me-too" product for the low-end market while conceding the gigh-end market to a Chaebol. In Cell 2, the non-Chaebol firm partners with a Chaebol company, either as a supplier or complementor. In Cell 3, the non-Chaebol firm engages in direct competition with a chaebol. In Cell 4, the non-Chaebol firm targets an unserved part of the market with an innovative product or service. The four selected cases such as E-Rae Electronics Industry Company (Co-exister), Intops (Supplier), Pantech (Competitor) and Humax (Niche Player) are analyzed to provide each strategy with richer insights. Following propositions are generated based upon our conceptual framework: Proposition 1: Non-Chaebol firms that have a cooperative relationship with a Chaebol will perform that have a cooperative relationship with a Chaebol will perform better than firms that do not. Proposition 1a: Co-existers will perform better than Competitors. Proposition 1b: Partners (suppliers or complementers) will perform better than Niche players. Proposition 2: Firms that have no product similarity with a Chaebol will perform better than firms that have product similarity. Proposition 2a: Partners (suppliers or complementors) will perform better than Co-existers. Proposition 2b: Niche players will perform better than Competitors. Proposition 3: Niche players should perform better than Co-existers. Proposition 4: Performance can be rank-ordered in descending order as Partners, Niche Players, Co-existers, Competitors. A team of experts was constituted to categorize each of these 216 non-Chaebol companies into one of the 4 cells in our typology. Simple Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SPSS statistical software was used to test our propositions. Overall findings are that it is vetter to have a cooperative relationship with a Chaebol and to offer products or services differentiated from a Chaebol. It is clear that the only profitable strategy, on average, to compete against the Chaenol is to be a partner (supplier or complementor). Competing head on with a Chaebol company is a costly strategy not likely to pay off for a non-Chaebol firm. Strategies to avoid headon competition with the Chaenol by serving niche markets with differentiated products or by serving the low-end of the market ignored by the Chaebol are better survival strategies. This paper illustrates that there are ways in which small and medium Korean non-Chaebol firms can thrive in a Chaebol environment, though not without risks. Using different combinations of competition and cooperation firms may choose particular positions along the product similarity and cooperative relationfhip dimensions to develop their competitive strategies -co-exister, competitor, partner, niche player. Based on our exploratory case-study analysis, partner seems to be the best strategy for non-Chaebol firms while competitor appears to be the most risky one. Niche players and co-existers have int ?有的文??泛的?注??以及他?的所有?和支配?的?点和弱点, 但是?乎?有?于??非??公司的硏究。 然而, Lee, Lee and Pennings (2001) ??有特別的探?在???內市?非??公司?求生存而?抗??公司的具有??力的?略。 本文的硏究?机是通?四?探索性案例的硏究, ??非??公司如何?抗??公司的成功的???略和提出的建?可能??其他的企?以及公共政策制定者有所?助。 ??品相似性和公司內的合作?係分別定??爭和合作的?念。 ????方面, 我們開?了以下2 × 2矩?, ?非財閥公司?抗財閥公司提供四?競爭??。 在小?2, 非財閥公司以供?商或互?企?的身?成?財閥公司的合?人。 在小?3, 非財閥企??事?財閥直接競爭人。 在小?4, 非財閥企?的目?, 以?品?新或服???目?市場空白點。 我們選?的4個公司分別是E-Rae電子企?公司(共存方), Intops(供?商), Pantech(競爭?手)和Humax(小?市場成?)。 通?分析?4個案例, 相互提供更?富的洞察力戰略。 基于我們的?念?架, 提出下列假? : 假?1 : ?財閥公司有合作?係的非財閥公司比?有合作?系的公司表現得更好。 假?1a : 共存方?比競爭方表現得更好。 假?1b : 合?方?比小?市場成?表現得更好。 假?2 : 與財閥公司的?品?有相似性的公司比有相似性的公司表現得要更好。 假?2a : 合?方比共存放表現得更好 假?2b : 小衆市場成員會比競爭方表現得更好。 假?3 : 小衆市場成員?比共存方表現得更好。 假?4 : 按?效的降序排列依次是合作者, 小衆市場成員, 共存方, 競爭方。 一組?家按照我?4組的分?把216家非財閥公司分?。 用SPSS???件中的??方差分析???假?。 ?果?現, 與財閥公司有合作關係的以及提供與財閥公司不同的産品或服?比?好。 ?明?的一點是, 平均來說, 若要?抗財閥公司中?利, 其戰略是成?合?人(供?商或?成部分)。 直接與財閥公司硬?硬的競爭是要付出?高代价的?略, 而??代价不市非財閥公司能??得起的。 避免與財閥公司迎面競爭的戰略是用不同的産品服?于利己市場, 或是服務于被財閥公司忽?掉的低端市場。 這些戰略是比?好的生存戰略。 本文說明在財閥?境中, 韓國的中小型非財閥公司有一些方法可以生存, ?管不是?有??。 根据不同的競爭組合, 合作的公司可以根据産品相似性以及合作關係的?度來選?定位?而制定自己的競爭戰略。 例如共存方, 競爭對手, 合?人, 小衆市場成員。 根据我?的探索性案例分析, 合?人對非財閥公司來說可能是最好的戰略, 而競爭者?是有?大風?的。 小衆市場成員和共存方?于中?, 但前者比后者要好。 ?多中小型企?的管理者只是用??的, 不是合作就是競爭的?點來??市場的??者-典型的就是財閥。 結果, ?多非財閥公司?成被?的合作者或被自己的競爭對手財閥所??。 事?上, 合作和競爭?不是互相排斥的, 是可以同?被追求的。 正如本文所建?的, 非財閥公司可以根据他?的?境, 內部?源和能力?活的選?合作和競爭。

Cells Transformed by PLC-Gamma 1 Overexpression are Highly Sensitive to Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Apoptosis and Mitotic Inhibition

( Nam Hyo Jung ),( Jin Ku Kang ),( Jong Soo Chang ),( Min Soo Lee ),( Seung Taek Nam ),( Hyun Woo Jung ),( Sung Kuk Kim ),( Eun Mi Ha ),( Heon Seok ),( Seung Woo Son ),( Young Joo Park ),( Ho Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

Phospholipase C-γl (PLC-γl) expression is associated with cellular transformation. Notably, PLC-γ is up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissue and breast carcinoma. Because exotoxins released by Clostridium botulinum have been shown to induce apoptosis and promote growth arrest in various cancer cell lines, we examined here the potential of Clostridium difficile toxin A to selectively induce apoptosis in cells transformed by PLC-γl overexpression. We found that PLC-γl-transformed cells, but not vectortransformed (control) cells, were highly sensitive to C. difficile toxin A-induced apoptosis and mitotic inhibition. Moreover, expression of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family member, Bim, and activation of caspase-3 were significantly up-regulated by toxin A in PLC-γl-transformed cells. Toxin A-induced cell rounding and paxillin dephosphorylation were also significantly higher in PLC-γl-transformed cells than in control cells. These findings suggest that C. difficile toxin A may have potential as an anticancer agent against colorectal cancers and breast carcinomas in which PLC-γl is highly up-regulated.