産業平和와 團體交涉에 關한 硏究

南明熙 대구산업정보대학 1992 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

Like the saying that "The Enterprise Is Just a Human Being", the modern enterprises have been confronted with the difficulties in keeping the mental condition of their own business administrators optimal. Under this environment, when solving these difficulties, it will be possible to accomplish advantages such as maximum productivity, effectiveness and competition. In addition, the industrial peace is also automatically achieved by doing that, which has been urgently desired by all enterprises, while the relations between labor and management will be changed to the welfare affairs of their employees. Under the modern environment of enterprises that employ many number of employees with their own labor unions, it is apparent that these enterprises may be suddenly faced with complication between labor and management. Their industrial peace is one of the modern desires which has been pursued by many enterprises. Although these enterprises have attempted to comply with the changing and various desires of employees, there have been often caused the complication between the labor and management by both mutually insufficient understanding and excessive desires. Whenever these complications between the labor and management are accurred, the employers rather than employees are always confronted with serious difficulties because the employers must provide these employees with treatment better tnan the existing one to achieve their industrial peace, so as to obtain a high level of labor service and creative abilities. There was no at all the case in the past that the enterprises broke the industial peace by suggesting the labor union to decrease the wages or treatment of employees because of their financial difficulties. As a result, all studies on the industrial peace and collective bargaining have focused on the methods how the owners can handle with them form the standpoint of these owners. It is clear, of course, that these enterprises try to improve the treatment of employees under their better financial condition even though there is no any desire of employees for improvement of their treatment, in order for these enterprises to improve their productivity, to reduce the defect of products, to encourage the voluntary creation of employees, and to improve competition by bringing individual maximum abilities. Moreover, some enterprises often improve the treatment of their employees to motivate them although their financial condition is difficult. In particular, the social responsibilities of these enterprises have been emphasized in the modern society, so that the owner of the enterprise must be responsible for both guarantee of employees' interest and improvement of their welfare. Under this circumstance, the modern administrator must be additionally responsible for promoting reasonably and rightly the collective bargaining necessary to keep the industrial peace of enterprise while considering the suitable competition with social justice. In doing that, it will be possible to promote the collective bargaining between the labor and management aiming toward their mutual development.

經營戰略과 技術開發의 關係에 관한 考察

南明熙 대구산업정보대학 1989 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

Technology competition develops into a competition for facility technique for highly intensified productive technology in product develoment, goods manufacturing. Currently the enterprises are placed under such situation as putting "overall technical forces" into manufacturing goods with the combined forces of all techniques for high quality commodities. Competitive commodities are the core as well as the objective of an enterprise. Therefore, the power of an enterprise in the power of commodities and the competitive goods actualize the aim of the enterprise. Such commodities should be in possession of high-quality and low production cost advantages, which is possible only through high-quality technique. If the pursuit of profits is the aim of an enterprise, the only and possible method and means to accomplish the goal is the development of technology and innovation of skill. The export practiced by modern enterprises can be said as an export of technique. When the combined forces of the employees and the integrated technique of an enterprise are reflected through products, the products shuld be considered a lifeline of the business. This also applies to the fact that the enterprise producing very competitive commodities will gain profits, pushing for and developing perpetually the development of skills.

適應集團과 不適應集團간의 自己關聯情意 差異 比較

南明姬,金琪正 서원대학교 교육대학원 1998 교육논총 Vol.2 No.-

This study was aimed to examine the differences of self-related affects between adjusted, malajusted, and natural groups of high school students. Two groups were sampled in Y high school students and were composed of 50, respectively. The questionnaires of irrational beliefs, ego-identify, general self-worth, and purpose-in-life were administered to these groups. The adjusted group showed significantly higher means than maladjusted or natural group in ego-identity, general self-worth, and purpose-in-life. But it was found that there was no significant differences in irrational beliefs between adjusted and maladjusted/or natural group.

先進國과 開發途上國 經濟의 相關關係에 대한 硏究

南明熙 대구산업정보대학 1990 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

Today the developing countries are facing an economic crisis of major proportions. The terms of trade for most of their Commodity exports have substantially declined in the past few years, and in 1987 and 1988, the overall volume of trade-for manufactured exports and commodities-stagnted of declined. Commercial bank lending, principal source of financing for non-OPEC middle income countries, decelerated so rapidly in 1987 that net credit oustanding at the end of the year may have been less in real terms than at its beginning. The concessional aid of OECD (organization for Economic Cooperation & Development) countries declined in nominal and real terms in 1986, principally because of reduced U. S. disburements. In the face of these conditions, after almost three decades of impressive economic growth in the developing world, Less-Developed Countries economies are generally stagnant. Some countries are experiencing a decline of already poverty-level incomes. If the present crisis is allowed to contnue, increased political and social unrest is a likely consequence of these conditions. The purpose of this thesis is to remain complacent and take things for granted as many people are accustomed to. Restlessness of man has been his greates asset and also his greatest destructor.

항갑상선제로 치료한 그레이브스병 환자의 관해예측인자

남일송,윤여일,김선규,김용현,이주영,목지오,윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: Most cases of Graves' disease have been treated by antithyroid drugs in Korea. The major drawbacks of antithyroid drugs are the relative high rate of relapse and the inconvinience of long term therapy. Measurement of TBII and TRH stimulation test have been considered as the most reliable tests predicting relapse, but the predictive power is not high enough to use in clinical situation. This study was performed to find good prognostic indicators in Graves' disease patients after the discontinuation of antithyroid drug therapy. Subjects and methods : We restrospectively evaluated 96 patients with Graves' disease who showed normal TRH test at the end of antithyroid drug therapy and were followed for more than one year. Serum T3, T4, T3/T4 ratio, TBII, Anti-TPO Ab and TGAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Two to three months after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, serum TSH and free T3 responses to TRH were examined. These parameters were compared between the relapse group and the remission group. Results : Among the 96 patients, 22 patients(22.9%) relapsed(Group Ⅱ) and 74 patients(77.1%) remained in remmision(Group Ⅰ). No significant difference was observed between the relapse and the remission group in clinical parameters, serum T3, T4, TSH, T3/T4 ratio, TBⅡ and Anti-TPO Ab determined before and after treatment. Serum TSH and free T3 levels measured after TRH stimulation were also similar in both groups. Serum TGAb levels determined at the end of treatment were significantly higher in the remission group(p<0.05). Relapse following the discontinuation of therapy occured within 24 months in 72.7% of the relapsed cases. After 24 months, relapse rate was reduced significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that high serum TGAb levels could be a favorable prognostic indicator for the long term remission of Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs, and may suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is combined with Graves' disease in those patients.

韓國家禮에 따른 拜禮意識 考察 : 안동지역 여성을 중심으로

남명희 安東大學附設 安東文化硏究所 1982 安東文化 Vol.3 No.-

The consciousness of the women in Andong area concerning traditional manners in this study is summarized as follows; 1. Their views of home education ① Concerning their guidance in etiquette: The children learn habits of courteous manners because they are unconsciously acquainted with the proper manners concerning obeisance, that is the formalities of obeisance, courteous attitudes of daily life, and creating an atmosphere of love and respect from the good examples of their parents especially of their mother. ② Concerning teaching manners of obeisance: It is earnestly desired that the children should be taught the formality of obeisance. 2. Their views of morality ① They believe that the spirit of obeisance is kept only through sincere respect and humility and the obeisance should only be performed in this attitude. ② In the performance of traditional wedding ceremony, they believe GoSa(告祠 : announcing of the wedding procedure in front of a household shrine by the contracting parties and the representatives from both families) is the custom handed down from the spirit of ancestral worship. 3. The thought of predominance of men over women ① They understand easily the different bowing numbers of man and woman in Jon An Rye(尊雁禮) with their deep-rooted thought of predominance of men over women. (There was a time Jon An Rye was done with offering Pye Back(幣帛)(The bowing order toward relatives) ② They are affirmative in the need of keeping the bowing order to the bridegroom's relatives when a bride performs Gyun Gu Go Rye(見舅姑禮). 4. Concerning the traditional manners of obeisance ① Movements of the traditional manners: Though it is difficult to follow the bowing movements according to our traditional manners, they like to keep and practice it even in their modernized living because the movements are elegant and courteous. ② Their favouritism of the the traditional manners Most of them like to make bows in traditional manners, not in the adequate manners in modernized way of life being attracted by the exquisite expression contained in traditional manners. ③ The thought about improving the traditional manners: Many of them have negative opinions toward the improvement of the traditional manners. ④ The thought concerning designating of standard manners: They assent affirmatively to designate our traditional manners as standard manners. The women in Andong area are generally affirmative toward traditional manners of obeisance and they care so much for the manners as to practice it in their real life. Therefore, some plans should be sought to preserve the traditional manners of obeisance as a part of our life custom.

製造業 競爭力 强化에 대한 硏究

南明熙 대구산업정보대학 1993 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

Since 1990 our economy repeated debit balance of payments and this year the debit reached 10 billion dollars; thus the dream of accomplishing credit balance of payments has emerged as a new issue of our economy. In addition, all the climate has come to be really cool. It has reached so bad that the Economic Planning Board announced a statistics that the diffusion index has hit the lowest level in 20 years. The operating rate of business enterprises declined drastically with remarkable reduction of the public's consumption with slowdown in investment which will control the growth potential of our economy. All these add to our concern. According to the Industrial Research Center, the analyses of competitive power among seven nations and the economic bloc reveal that weakened items are 150% over strengthened items. The subjects of analyses are, between 1988 and 1991-for four years-the United States, European Community, Japan, China, Taiwan, Hongkong. In comparison of our country and the United States, 26 items turned out to be strong as compared with 62 items weakened, three times over the strengthened. With EC, 32 items strong over 54 weak. With Japan, 40 strong and 45 weak; with Taiwan, 78 strong and it was increase in competitive power. With China, which is a developing country, only 45 items increased in competitive power with 66 weakened. With ASEANS, 40 strong and 75 weak, and with Hong Kong, 44 strong and 60 weak. Taking into consideration of such results of analyses, our international competitive power can be clearly grasped. Under such circumstance, if our economic power falls behind further in international competitive power amid insignificant competition domestically losing all the precious time and opportunity amidst the routine business dispute, we can never expect to return to the old position. Even under a new international order, if we are to accomplish a continuous economic growth, we have only to strengthen our international competitive power. Accordingly, we have to adapt quickly our existing industrial structure which played a main role in our growth to the repidly converting internatioanl climate, providing diversified supportive measure for betterment of competitive power. The business competitive power is generally dependent upon the industrial factors that will be invested in. In other words, the competitive power will be decided by the four main industrial factors-wages, capital, land and technological ability.

mecA 양성 메티실린 내성 포도구균의 mec 조절유전자에 대한 분자역학적 연구 및 다양성 분석

우희연,이남용,맹성호,한승훈,인경수,김상욱,성승용,김익상,최명식 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

목적 : 병원 감염과 지역 감염의 원인균으로서의 중요성이 증가되고 있는 MRSA와 MRCNS의 메티실린 내성 관련 유전자에 대해 분자역학적인 조사를 시행하고 mec 조절유전자의 다양성을 분석하여 분자유전학적 연구와 감염 관리에 기본적 자료를 제공하고자 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 본 연구에서는 국내 동일 대학병원에서 분리된 mecA 양성 MRSA 78균주와 MRCNS 36균주를 대상으로 항균제 감수성 검사와 중합효소연쇄반응을 시행하여 표현형과 유전형의 분포를 알아보고 내성 정도와 유전형의 상관성을 분석하였다. 결론 : 최소억제농도를 측정하여 oxacillin 감수성 양상을 알아본 결과 총 90개의 MRSA 임상검체 중 3균주에서 감수성을 보였고, MRCNS 36균주는 모두 내성을 보였으며, 고도 내성을 보이는 균주일수록 다제내성을 보이고 있었다. 중합효소연쇄반응으로 mecA 유전자 유무를 분석하여 mecA 양성을 보인 MRSA 78균주와 MSCNS 36균주 만을 대상으로 mec 조절유전자에 대한 중합효소연쇄반응을 시행하여 유전형의 분포를 조사하였다. 그 결과 MRSA와 MRCNS 모두에서 mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR1-mecI형, mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR1형과 mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR-1의 5′말단형의 3가지 유전형이 공통적으로 관찰되었는데, 이외에 MRSA에서는 mecA-mecR1형, mecA-mecR1의 5′말단형이, MRCNS에서는 mecA-Pr-mecA형과 mecA형이 추가로 분리되었다. 유전형의 분포를 연도별로 분석한 결과 연도별로 우세한 유전형이 서로 다른 것을 알 수 있었다. 유전형과 내성 정도의 상관성을 분석한 결과, mecA-Pr-mecA-mecR1을 보유한 MRSA의 경우 mecA 억제유전자로 생각되는 mecI 유전자 유무에 관계없이 모두 고도 내성을 나타내어 mecI의 유무는 내성 정도와는 일정한 관련이 없었으나, MRSA와 MRCNS 모두에서 mecI와 동시에 mecR1의 3′말단이 결혼된 유전형이 저도 및 중등도 내성을 보이는 균주에서 유의하게 많이 관찰되어 mecI가 결손된 균주에서는 mecR1의 3′말단부위의 유무가 내성 정도의 결정에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각하였다. 결론 : 국내에서 분리되는 메티실린 내성 포도구균의 유전형의 분포가 국외 분리주와 차이를 보이는 것으로 관찰되었다. 또한 기존의 보고와는 달리 메티실린 내성 정도와 유전형 사이에 유의한 연관성이 있는 것으로 관찰되어 mec조절유전자가 내성 발현 뿐만 아니라 내성 정도의 결정에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 관찰되었다. MRSA가 중요한 감염균임에도 불구하고 아직까지 MRSA의 내성기전에 대해 확실하게 규명되지 않아 치료가 더욱 어려워지고 있는 실정이므로 이에 대한 더욱 종합적인 연구와 동시에 발생과 확산을 막기 위한 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : High prevalence of methicillin resistance has been noticed in staphylococci which also have been recognized as important nosocomial and multi-drug resistant pathogens. In this study, we investigated the distribution of mec regulator genes and the presence of the mutation in mecIgene to reveal the resistance mechanism at molecular level. Methods : The isolates included 90 clinical isolates of MRSA, 36 MRCNS of which methicillin resistance were determined by disk diffusion test and isolated in a single hospital during 1996-1999. We performed microdilution MIC test for oxacillin resistance and Kirby-Bauer test for other antibiotics. Genotypes of mecA positive (determined by PCR) isolates (78 MRSA, 36 MRCNS) were investigated by PCR amplification of mec regulator genes such as 3' end and 5' end of mecR1. mecI, and Pr-mecA. Results : In MIC assay, all MRSA strains except 3 strains and all MRCNS strains showed oxacillin resistance. The level of resistance correlated to the multi-drug resistance. Seven genotypes were observed in mecA positive MRSA and MRCNS. Differences of predominant genotypes among years isolated and among species were observed. Deletions of the 3' end of mecR1 and the mecI were more frequently observed in the low- and borderline-level resistant MRSA and MRCNS (P(0.05). So the important role of 3' end of mecRI in determining resistance level was suggested. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that genomic distribution of methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated in Korea was different from that of strains isolated in other countries. And important role of mec regulator genes for expression of methicillin resistance was suggested.

Ofloxacin 중이점적에 의한 화농성 중이염의 치료효과와 내이독성

김희남,정명현,박홍준,이정환 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.6

임신 7 개월 이후 임산부 보행의 역학적 분석

금명숙,유실,김영란,정남주,한윤수,이훈표,윤희중 한국운동역학회 2002 한국운동역학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was analyzed the effect of kinematical and kinetical factors of lower extremity of form change in the cause of growth an unborn child during in pregnancy. Three pregnant women were selected from pregnant 24 weeks as subjects. Each subjects were required to walk with usual walking speed. Cinematographic and GRF data were collected during walking, and the kinematical and kinetical variables were calculated using Kwon3d. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were drawn : 1. Step width and Step length Step width according to the period of pregnancy was gradually small but step length was gadually great. 2. Angle of lower extremity The angle of hip, knee and ankle was differed pregnancy on 9 month and other time. 3. Ground reaction force In the three part of ground reaction force, pregnancy on 9 month was most greater than other time.