王驥德 《曲律》에서 李漁 《閒淸偶寄》로의 戱曲理論

朴泓俊 한국중국어문학회 2000 中國文學 Vol.33 No.-

在中國古典戱曲硏究者當中, 王驥德和李漁的成就已達到相當的水平. 一般認爲, 王驥德銳曲律流是總結傳統的油學, 而李漁銳瑪情偶寄首先把劇學的槪念引進了纖油界. 這樣看來, 王驪德和李漁戱曲理論的內酒, 好像是兩個不同的東西, 就是說他們追求的戮總, 一個是以曲文爲主的曲學, 男一個是以舞臺搬演爲主的劇學. 某實, 王驥德和李漁活動的時代, 只有半個世紀的差隔. 可以說, 他們在同樣的戱油環境裏生存而活動約. 所狀在上面論述的一種曲學和劇學的鮮明的對比, 可以說是太勉强的, 不符實際的. 寶際上, 王驥德和李漁都是面臨着勳曲創作案頭化的不良氣風, 而要擺脫這樣的環境而專心地努力,而樹立了一種有體系的纖曲理論著作. 在本文中, 我首先從兩人和兩個理論著作的差異出發, 而比較兩個著作的基本思路和追求. 而下面繼續從纖油舞臺, 纖油結構, 纖油資嶺的三懼側疆來比較. 從這比較當中, 我可以發琨這兩理論著作是有相當的關聯. 就是說, 王驥德<曲律>的基本思路, 從李漁的詞<情偶寄>的發揮, 達到完 整的階段. 當然, 王驥德<曲律>創拘內容是基本的思路, 而李漁的瑞情偶寄達相當有賤系的而有-定的內容深度的. 但我們不可忽略的是, 這兩理論著作的基本相關性. 如果我只是强調這兩著作的差異, 而輕視他們之間的關聯性. 那就意味着, 我們認識的片面性. 所以從兩理論著作的差異和關聯, 我們可以達到當時理論界的眞實面貌.

혈액투석환자에서 발생한 Aeromonas hydrophila에 의한 괴사근막염 1예

박홍준,김효열,어영,권오건,오진록 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.4

저자들은 만성 신부전으로 장기간 투석중인 환자에게서 특별한 외상없이 발생한 Aeromonas hydrophila에 의한 괴사근막염이 적절한 항생제 및 외과적 수술로 호전된 일례로 아직 투석과 관련된 A. hydrophila 감염이 국내에 보고된 적이 없기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Aeromonas hydrophila is a facultative, anaerobic gram-negative bacillus. It's a member of the family Vibrionaceae. Aeromonas, which is known to cause gastroenteritis and wound infections ranging from mild cellulitis to fulminant myonecrosis. It is responsible for opportunistic infections in patients with compromised immune function due to an underlying disease such as malignant hematological disorders, liver cirrhosis, and malignant neoplasm. We report a case of 72-year-old woman who recovered from necrotizing fasciitis caused by A. hydrophila. The patient had undergone prolonged hemodialysis and had no history of trauma.

구조화 표본추출을 이용한 핀의 최적설계에 관한 연구

박홍준,김기형 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2001 機械技術硏究 Vol.4 No.2

The Taguchi method by orthogonal array, one of the structured sampling methods, has many advantages which are row cost and time saving for experiments and researches. But this method has applied limited area especially about mechanical problems. So, we experimented whether the structured sampling is useful to apply optimal design of mechanical elements. First, we made a mechanical problem to determine optimal parameters of a pin with a hole. The second, we calculated combination of optimal parameters by simulation. At the same time, we seeked optimal combination by structured sampling using orthogonal array and ANOVA. The last, we compared these two results. The experimental result have shown that the structured sampling method seeked optimal parameters exactly. So, we see some possibility in this application.

전환시대 중국의 고전 희곡이론 : 淸初 李漁 戱曲理論의 現代的 意義

박홍준 천안대학교 1999 진리논단 Vol.- No.3

비정질 규소-질소 반도체의 광흡수단과 무질서

朴弘準 東亞大學校 大學院 1986 大學院論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Optical absorption edge of a SiNx: H film deposited by RF glow discharge decomposition of SiH₄NH₃H₂ gases has been investigated as a function of ammonia to silane gaseous ratio in the reaction chamber. The dependence of optical band gap on the gaseous ratio is found that Eg=0.56x + 1.66(eV). The disorder determined by the inverse slope of the Urbach tail is inversely proportional to the concentration of hydrogen in the specimen. The extrapolated hydrogen concentration of ideal a-SiNx:H film (E?=O) is approximately 18 at %.

明淸代 戱曲理論의 展開와 李漁의 『閒情偶寄』

박홍준 한국중국학회 2017 중국학보 Vol.79 No.-

Liyu's Xian-qing-ou-ji is a work representing Chinese play thoery, is recognized by its innovative theory and its complete system. However, if it is buried only in the contents of Xian-qing-ou-ji itself, it may lose its important value. Therefore, in order to judge the value of it properly, it is necessary to look back on the value of Xian-qing-ou-ji in the whole flow after stepping backward. This paper intends to examine the significance and value of Liyu's Xian-qing-ou-ji in the flow of Ming Qing Drama Theory, and furthermore in the flow of Ming Qing Drama. First, from the viewpoint of drama theory, Xian-qing-ou-ji pioneered the viewpoint of Qing dramatism beyond the viewpoint of Ming musicology. As a stage performer, he focused his attention on the essence of the play, and advanced acting and directing theories. Next, Xian-qing-ou-ji showed the paradigm of new drama by detecting the cause of decline in the prime of Chuan-qi, and then established the theoretical basis for the local drama. Although it is not a theoretical system of local drama, it is no exaggeration to say that the stage-centered and audience-centered drama theory pursued by Liyu was realized through the local drama in the future. He also presented a balanced theory of creation and production in the flow of drama theory, which gave inspiration and influence to later theorists. If Qu-lu of Wang-ji-de in the previous era is a synthesis of the previous discussions, then Li yu has the merit that the new theory is presented and later spread. 李漁의 閒情偶寄는 중국 희곡이론을 대표하는 저작으로 참신한 이론과 완정한 체계로 그 가치를 인정받고 있다. 하지만 李漁 閒情偶寄 자체의 내용에만 매몰된다면 그것이 지닌 중요한 가치를 놓칠 수도 있다. 따라서 그것이 지닌 가치를 제대로 판단하기 위해서는 한 걸음 뒤로 물러나 전체적인 흐름 속에서 李漁 閒情偶寄의 가치를 되돌아 볼 필요가 있다. 본고는 李漁 閒情偶寄가 지닌 의미와 가치를 명대와 청대 희곡이론사의 흐름 속에서, 그리고 더 나아가 명청 희곡사의 흐름 속에서 조망하고자 하였다. 먼저 희곡이론사의 관점에서 보자면 李漁의 閒情偶寄는 明代 曲學의 관점에서 벗어나 淸代 劇學의 관점을 개척하였다. 희곡을 무대에서 공연되는 상연물로 파악한 그는 희곡의 結構를 중시하고, 배우들의 연기와 무대 연출에 이르기까지 참신한 이론을 개진하였다. 다음으로 李漁 閒情偶寄는 희곡사의 흐름 속에서 傳奇의 전성기에서 그 쇠퇴 원인을 간파하고 새로운 희곡의 패러다임을 제시하였으며, 이후 地方戱 등장에 이론적 토대를 구축하였다. 비록 李漁의 閒情偶寄가 地方戱에 관한 이론 체계는 아니지만, 李漁가 추구한 무대 중심, 관객 중심의 희곡론은 향후 地方戱를 통해 실현되었다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 또한 그는 희곡이론사의 흐름 속에서 창작과 연출에 관한 균형 잡힌 이론을 제시하여 후대 이론가들에게 많은 영감을 주었고 영향력을 미쳤다. 앞 시대 王驥德의 曲律이 이전의 논의들을 수렴하여 종합화한 공이 있다면, 李漁는 새로운 이론을 제시하여 후대로 확산시킨 공이 있다.

핀의 최적 설계를 위한 구조화 표본추출 적용 연구

박홍준,김정호,전형주 순천대학교 2000 순천대학교 자연과학논문집 Vol.19 No.1

The Taguchi method by orthogonal array, one of the structured sampling methods, has many advantages which are row cost and time saving for experiments and researches. But this method has applied limited area especially about mechanical problems. So, we experimented whether the structured sampling is useful to apply optimal design of mechanical elements. First, we made a mechanical problem to determine optimal parameters of a pin with a hole. The second, we calculated combination of optimal parameters by simulation. At the same time, we seeked optimal combination by structured sampling using orthogonal array and ANOVA(Analysis of Variance). The last, we compared these two results. The experimental result have shown that the structured sampling method seeked optimal parameters exactly. So, we see some possibility in this application.

李漁 戱曲論과 淸代 地方戱의 勃興

박홍준 한국중국학회 2016 중국학보 Vol.75 No.-

中國古典戱曲史是由元雜劇, 明淸傳奇, 淸代地方戱的順序而展開的. 雖然同樣在舞臺上表演一些故事, 但其中也有區別. 元雜劇以集中, 明淸傳奇以廓大, 而淸代地方戱以通俗而獲得觀衆的歡迎. 但我們還不知道它們之間有什么關係, 它們怎么遞相交替. 本稿特別關心的是, 由傳奇到地方戱的一個環節, 它們怎么連繫而展開, 它們之間有什么區別. 我們通過傳奇的戱曲家, 叫李漁的戱曲理論, 要調査傳奇怎么流傳到地方戱, 其中李漁的戱曲論擔當什么樣的任務. 明代中葉開始發展的傳奇, 到了淸初, 已經進入了極盛的時期. 李漁就在淸初, 在戱曲創作和理論方面很有成就. 他在閒情偶寄裏, 總結戱曲創作的經驗, 而提出創作戱曲的具體方法. 他認識到戱曲有戱曲本身的特徵, 是在舞臺由藝人來表演的就是眞正的戱曲. 所以他特別重視, 舞臺和觀衆. 爲了在舞臺上的表演, 他追求故事結構也要集中, 而藝人們也要注意賓白和動作方面的舞臺效果. 因此我們可以確認, 他追求的, 不是曲學, 而是劇學. 淸代地方戱的趣向, 也就在這個方向. 淸初已經發生了淸初四大劇腔. 以後它們之間發生交流和影響關係, 而確立了複合劇腔. 地方戱追求的是, 在舞臺上獲得觀衆歡迎的通俗戱曲. 它們特別在音樂方面, 發明了板式變化體的音樂體裁. 板式變化體, 就是爲了强化戱曲的戱劇性, 變化板式而塔配故事的展開. 還有地方戱的題材, 角色, 臉譜和服裝, 都是爲了地方戱的舞臺公演. 從以上的比較, 我們可以看出, 李漁戱曲論和淸代地方戱的類似性. 它們一樣追求戱曲的舞臺性, 强調觀衆的興趣. 所以李漁的戱曲論和地方戱的戱曲實踐, 追求同一的戱曲趨向. 中國戱曲史, 在傳奇和地方戱的階段, 可以說是一個模式的變化過程. 傳奇的追求, 和地方戱的追求, 完全是不一樣. 但我們不知道, 哪種戱曲是對或者錯. 因爲戱曲是一個藝術, 可以說是當時時代環境的産物. 所以傳奇有傳奇的當爲性, 地方戱也有地方戱的當爲性. 李漁做爲一位傳奇的理論家, 發見傳奇的理論缺點, 而追求新的戱曲追求. 他的戱曲論, 可以說是從傳奇到地方戱的一個理論橋梁. 因此李漁戱曲論, 在理解傳奇到地方戱的過程, 而在整個中國戱曲史的理解, 也有一定的文學史上的意義.

柳永의 慢詞와 문학의 대중화

박홍준 천안대학교 2001 진리논단 Vol.- No.6

숙련자와 비숙련자의 자유투 동작의 운동학적 변인 분석

박홍준,우상연,구교준 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2020 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic variables of basketball athletes and to obtain the data necessary for effective Free Throw and technical improvement. We performed three connected motions for one male basketball athlete. We collected the date for the motion time, the angle of body, and the angular velocity. The results were as follows; 1) the period of time was not much different from that of the national athlete, 2) the angle of wrist was much different from that of the skilled person, 3) the angular velocity was showed the difference between The skilled person and The less-skilled person.