탄광부진폐증자의 폐기능 장해에 따른 사망율 연구

이경용,강성규,이관형,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 1991 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.3 No.2

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the mortality rates and survival curves of coal workers' pneumoconiosis(CWP) in hospitalization by respiratory impairment. Study subject were composed of 738 patients entered the cohort differently. Author used health record survey in collecting respiratory impairment data at admission, and survival data. There were three factors in pumonary function test items especially pulmonary ventilation test. Factor 1 were composed of vital capacity(VC), vital capacity percent to predicted value(VC%), forced vital capacity(FVC), forced vital capacity percent to predicted value(FVC%), maximum voluntary vetilation(MVV), forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1), And factor 2 were composed of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity expressed as percent(FEV1%), maximum mid-expiratory flow(MMF), peak expiratory flow rate(REFR), And factor 3 was composed of tidal volume(TV). There was difference in survival curves of CWP by respiratory impairment measured by FEV1%, controlled by age. But there were no differences in survival curves of CWP by respiratory impairment measured by VC%, TV, controlled by age. And there was no differences in survival curve of CWP by respiratory impairment type measured by VC% and FEV1%, controlled by age. Authors found that difference in survival curve of CWP was depended upon measuring items of pulmonary function test.

경피신경전기자극 후 상부 승모근 활성도와 EMG gap의 변화

고은경,권오윤,이충휘 한국전문물리치료학회 2003 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare visual analogue scale (VAS), pain threshold (PT), %RMSRVC, and EMG gaps before and after applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the upper trapezius muscle at the patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). The subjects were 4 men and 10 women composed of both the inpatients and outpatients who were diagnosed as MPS at Wonju Medical Center. VAS and PT measurements were performed to assess the subjective pain level. The reference voluntary contraction (RVC) test was performed for 15 seconds for normalization on the bilateral trapezius muscle using surface electromyography (sEMG). After 3-minute resting time, the EMG signal was recorded while performing a typing activity for 2 minutes and then TENS was applicated with a comfortable intensity for 10 minutes. The EMG activity of the upper trapezius muscle was recorded during typing for 2 minutes. The results of study were as follows: 1) VAS score was significantly decreased on the more painful side after treatment, however, it was not significantly different on the less painful side. 2) PT was increased after treatment on both sides, however, it was not significantly different between before and after the TENS application. 3) The EMG activity during typing was significantly decreased after treatment, and 4) The EMG gaps were significantly increased after TENS treatment compared to before it. Consequently, the study showed that TENS was effective in decreasing VAS, %RMSRVC, and in increasing EMG gaps. The EMG gap analysis could be a useful method to measure pain in patients with MPS in the upper trapezius.

골반 자세 변화에 따른 일어서기의 기능적 연결분석의 접근

최종덕,권오윤,이충휘,김종만,김진경 한국전문물리치료학회 2003 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of three different pelvic tilts on a sit-to-stand (STS) and to suggest a new assessment approach based on biomechanical analysis. The three difrent pelvic tilts were: (1) comfortable pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (CPT STS), (2) posterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (PPT STS) and (3) anterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (APT STS). To determine the onset time of muscle contraction surface electrodes were applied to the rectus femoris muscle (RF), vastus lateralis muscle (VL), biceps femoris muscle (BF), tibialis anterior muscle (TA), gastrocnemius muscle (GCM), and soleus muscle (SOL). The ICC was used for functional linkage analysis. The findings of this study were as follows. First, significant differences were found in kinematic variables and in muscle activation pattern among the three activities. Second, the results of functional integrated analysis revealed that recruited muscle activation patterns changed when the thigh-off was viewed as a reference point. Third, there were independent functional units between the thigh-off and the VL and between the thigh-off and the RF in the functional linkage analysis. The VL and RF acted as prime mover muscles, and more postural adjustment muscle recruitment was required as the demand of postural muscle control increased (PPT STS, APT STS, and CPT STS in order). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest the following evaluative and therapeutic approach for STS activity. APT STS can be introduced for movement efficiency and functional advantage when abnormal STS is treated. However, excessive APT would change the muscle activation patterns of BF and SOL and require additional postural muscle control to cause abnormal control patterns.

한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달체계의 결함

최준혁,이관우,김효정,이동훈,이종우,김정은,엄현채,김경미,최성이,정윤석,김현만 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨병에서 나타나는 인슐린 저항성은 간, 지방, 근육 같은 말초조직에서 인슐린의 작용이 떨어지는 것을 말한다. 제2형 당뇨병의 발생기전에 인슐린 저항성과 인슐린 분비능 저하가 같이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 인슐린의 세포내에서의 저항성을 규명하기 위한 인슐린의 세포내 신호전달체계에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 몇몇 연구에서 인슐린 저항성을 가진 골격근육에서 IRS와 관련된 PI3-kinase의 활성감소와 Akt kinase의 활성감소를 보고하고 있으나 아직까지 명확하게 그 기작이 설명되어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상성인, 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 경구당부하검사 및 인슐린 클램프검사를 시행하고 인슐린 클램프 검사시 대상인의 근육을 채취하여 인슐린 신호전달 체계(IR-β, IRS, Akt(PKB, Rac) kinase, GSK-3)를 연구하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 한국인으로서 경구당부하검사상 정상인 및 당뇨병 환자 각각 11명, 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 정상인은 건강인으로 과거력상 당대사에 영향을 줄 질환이 없고, 현재 당대사에 영향을 줄 약물 복용 및 다른 소견이 없는 경구당부하검사상 정성 내당능을 보이는 대상자로 하였다. 당뇨병환자는 모두 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 이환기간이 만 5년 이내인 경우로 하고, 인슐린으로 치료하는 대상자는 제외하도록 하였다. 대상자의 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 공복시 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 HbA1c, 인슐린, C-peptide를 측정하였고, "HOMA model"을 이용하여 베타세포의 기능와 인슐린저항성 정도를 평가하였다. 정상혈당클램프 검사(euhlycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test)를 시행하고 인슐린 투입 전과 인슐린 투입 30분후, 두차례에 걸쳐 대퇴부 근육생검을 실시한후 western 법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 측정하였다. 결과: 정상인 11명과 당뇨병 환자 9명을 대상으로 하였으며 대상자의 평균 연령, 평균 체질량지수, 체지방량, 허리/엉덩이 둘레의 비(waist hip ratio; WHR)는 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 평균 공복혈당은 정상군 98.0±0.3㎎/dL, 당뇨병군 208.1±16.5㎎/dL(p<0.05), HbA1c는 정상군 5.4±0.5%, 당뇨병군 9.2±0.6%(p<0.05)였다. "HOMA model"을 이용한 베타세포의 기능과 인슐린저항성은 정상군 56.4±8.5%, 1.4±0.2, 당뇨병군 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01), 10.2±6.3(p<0.01)였으며 정상혈당클램프 검사상 포도당 이용률은 정상군 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min, 당뇨병군 3.7±1.1㎎/㎏/min(p<0.01)로 정상군과 당뇨병군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Western blot법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 인슐린 투입전과 인슐린 투입 30분후 측정하였을 때 IR-β에서는 정상군이 103.9±2.3에서 241.3±18.6, 당뇨군이 108.9±2.2에서 198.7±6.3으로 증가하였다(p=NS). 이는 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 통계적인 차이가 없었다. IRS에서는 정상군이 111.6±7.3에서 295.6±17.2, 당뇨군이 114.5±6.1에서 222.0±23.2로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 24% 감소하였다. Akt kinase에서는 103.4±6.0에서 416.8±29.5로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 43% 감소하였다. GSK-3에서는 정상군이 107.7±6.7에서 595.7±28.1, 당뇨군이 104.3±4.8에서 443.3±12.9로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 25% 감소하였다. 결론: 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 정상인과 비교하여 인슐린 자극후 IR-β는 인산화량의 증가정도가 큰 차이가 없었으나, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3에서는 인산화량의 증가 정도가 감소되는 것으로 보아 상위 인슐린 신호전단체계부터 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Background: The glucose uptake rate is the limiting step in glucose utilization and storage. The failure of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in muscle appears to be a primary defect of insulin resistance. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Akt kinase and GSK-3 in isolated skeletal muscle, in people with type 2 diabetes(n=9) and control subjects(n=11). Methods: 75g OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were done. And vastus lateralis muscle was obtained before and 30 min into the euglycemic clamp. Western blots were performed for tyrosine phosphroylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor(IR-β), Akt and GSK-3. Result: There were no statistical differences in the mean age, BMI and body fat between the control subjects and diabetic patients. The fasting blood sugar and HbA_1c in controls and diabetic patients were 98.0±0.3 and 208.1±16.5ng/dl, and 5.4±0.5 and 9.2±0.6%, and 1.4±0.2 in the control subjects, and 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01) and 10.2±6.3(p<0.01) in the diabetic patients, respectively. The insulin resistance from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min and 3.7±1.1ng/㎏/min in the control subjects and in the diabetic patients, respectively(p<0.01). Compared with the normal controls, insulin-stimulated IR phosphorylation was no different to that in the diabetic patients. However, insulin-stimulated IRS phosphorylation, insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated GSK-3 phosphorylation were reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the normal controls by 24, 43 and 25%, respectively(p<0.05). Conclusion: In Korean type 2 diabetic patients, the insulin resistance may be due to the impairment of the upstream insulin signal molecular network. Further studies will focus on determining whether these signaling defects are the cause of the development of insulin resistance, or secondary to the altered metabolic state, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:685∼697, 2002).

The Effects of Entrance Examination Stress on Oral Health Behavior and Subjective Oral Health in Female High School Students

( Kyung-yi Chung ) 한국치위생과학회 2020 치위생과학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of entrance exam stress on oral health behaviors and subjective oral health status in female high school students. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was administered to 216 female high school students in the Gwangju area. We performed an independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: The average of the entrance exam stress was 2.73, and among the sub-areas, the tension for exam/poor stress was the highest with 3.21. As a result of analysis of general characteristics and subjective oral health status, oral mucosal disease was lower in family income level (p<0.05), bad breath was significantly higher with lower academic performance (p<0.001) and family income level (p<0.05). As a result of oral health behavior and subjective oral health status analysis, dental caries has more than 4 times of caries snacks (per week) (p<0.05), bad breath was found to be more perceived when the average number of daily brushing was 2 or less (p<0.01). Factors affecting subjective oral health status were that dental caries was a patients pressure stress (β=0.202); temporomandibular disorder (β=0.227), xerostomia (β=0.342), and oral mucosal disease (β=0.190) were insufficient spare time; bad breath was academic performance (lower) (β=0.231) and insufficient spare time (β=0.184). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the subjective oral health status and the subarea of entrance exam stress, excluding future uncertainty stress. Conclusion: It is considered that oral health education should be conducted to prevent oral diseases for students with high parental pressure and insufficient spare time stress as well as finding practical ways to reduce entrance stress.

Thermal and Fluid Analysis on Air Distribution in a Elevator Car

Kyung Taek Chung(정경택),Chung Seob Yi(이중섭) 한국기계가공학회 2020 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study is to observe the visualization of the flow field for air flow distributed in the car from the ventilation fan installed in the ceiling of the passenger elevator car through the numerical analysis using computational fluid dynamics. STAR-CCM+, which is a code used for the numerical analysis, was used to predict the airflow distribution inside the elevator car. The numerical analysis of the distribution of the air current in the elevator was carried out. As a result, the analysis results for each point and the visualization of the air current distribution and the temperature distribution in the elevator car and were obtained. It was found that heat transfer was actively occurring inside the car due to the influence of the flow field discharged from the ventilation vent installed in the ceiling in the elevator car, and especially the convection heat transfer of Model-2 was more active than that of Model-1. As a result, the temperature distribution inside the car was found to be relatively low. In addition, the temperature distribution at a cross-section of 1700mm height in the elevator car shows that Model-2 is the location of the ventilation vent which makes people feel more comfortable.

Efficient Bulblet Regeneration and Growth from Bulb Scale of Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Pink Pearl Cultured in vitro

Kyung Soon Lee(이경순),Chung Han Chung(정정한),Yong Mo Chung(정용모),Doh Hoon Kim(김도훈),Soon Jae Jeong(정순재),Jae Sung Nam(남재성),Gyung Tae Kim(김경태),Young Byung Yi(이영병) 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.10

히아신스 Pink Pearl 품종의 인편배양에서 자구의 재생과 생장은 1.0 ㎎/l와 3.0 ㎎/l의 농도에서 IAA 보다 IBA가 더 효과적이었으며, 절편체의 기부가 배지에 삽식되는 정상적인 치상 방향이 역방향의 치상 방법에 비해 자구의 재생과 뿌리의 생장에 더 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 계대배양에서 재생된 자구와 뿌리의 생장은 한천배지보다 펄라이트가 첨가된 액체배지에서 증가되었다. 이와 같은 히아신스 Pink Pearl 품종의 기내배양의 경우 자구 재생을 위한 초대배양은 한천 고체배지를, 재생된 자구의 생장은 펄라이트의 액체배지를 사용하는 2 단계의 교대배양 시스템이 더 유용함을 시사한다. The regeneration and growth of bulblets from the bulb scale segments of Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Pink Pearl were more efficient in IBA than IAA at the same concentrations (1.0 and 3.0 ㎎/l).. The normal (base-down) orientation of explants was more effective for bulblet regeneration and root growth than the inverted (base-up) orientation. The growth of bulblets and roots was increased higher in the perlite than the agar medium. These results suggested that the alternate culture system, first cultured in the agar medium for bulblet regeneration, and then in the perlite medium for bulblet growth, may be more useful for efficient in vitro culture of hyacinth (H. orientalils) cv. Pink Pearl.

Research on Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Health Behavior of Chinese Domestic Students

Chung, Kyung-Yi 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2022 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.27 No.11

This study was conducted to provide basic data for the development of oral health education programs by examining oral health knowledge and oral health behaviors, and by identifying factors affecting oral health knowledge and scaling experience of Chinese domestic students. From March to May, a self-reported questionnaire was administered to 194 in the G area. The data were analyzed frequency analysis and independent t-test, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis by using SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. The overall average of oral health knowledge was 13.83 out of 24, and knowledge of periodontal disease and scaling was the highest at 3.75, and knowledge of oral hygiene products was the lowest at 1.38. Oral health knowledge was significantly higher in those who had scaling experience for the past year, brushed teeth for more than 3 minutes at a time, used oral hygiene products, and had oral health education experience. As a result of multiple regression analysis, oral health education experience was the most important factor on oral health knowledge. As a result of logistic regression analysis, oral health knowledge was the most influential factor on scaling experience. It is necessary to expand education on the importance of oral care and actively introduce oral health management program for Chinese domestic students.

대형 상용차용 수동변속기내 윤활시스템의 유동특성에 관한 연구

이중섭(Chung seob Yi),서정세(Jeong se Suh),송철기(Chul ki Song),신유인(Yoo in Shin),윤지훈(Ji hun Yun),정경택(Kyung taek Chung) 한국유체기계학회 2010 한국유체기계학회 논문집 Vol.13 No.6

인문계 고등학교 교사가 지각한 치과위생사 이미지와 치위생직 진로 권유 의사에 관한 연구

정경이 ( Kyung-yi Chung ) 한국치위생과학회 2017 치위생과학회지 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 교사들의 치과위생사 이미지와 치위생직 진로 권유의사를 알아보기 위하여 2016년 2월 1일부터 2월 28일까지 광주광역시에 소재한 인문계 고등학교에서 근무하고 있는 교사 212명을 대상으로 연구 참여에 동의한 대상자에 한해 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 치과위생사 이미지 전체 평균은 3.50점이었으며, 영역별로는 개인적 이미지(3.83점)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 연구대상자의 일반적 특성과 치과위생사 이미지 분석 결과, 치과위생사의 소개나 설명을 들은 경험이 있는 경우, 최근 치과치료를 받은 경험이 1년 이내인 경우 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.01, p<0.001). 치과위생사 이미지의 요인 간의 상관관계에서는 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 치과위생사의 이미지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과, 직업적 이미지는 업무적 이미지(B=0.429)와 사회적 이미지(B=0.253)가 높을수록, 업무적 이미지는 직업적 이미지(B=0.328)와 개인적 이미지(B=0.510)가 높을수록, 개인적 이미지는 업무적 이미지(B=0.710)와 치과위생사에 대한 소개나 설명을 들은 경험(B=0.215)이 많을수록, 사회적 이미지는 직업적 이미지(B=0.392)가 높을수록 그리고 치과치료를 받은 경험이 1년 이내(B=0.158)일수록 치과위생사의 이미지가 높았다. 교사의 치위생직 권유 의사에 미치는 영향력을 알아본 결과, 사회적 이미지와 직업적 이미지 점수가 1점 증가할 때 권유 의사가 있을 가능성이 증가하였다. 따라서 치과위생사의 사회적 이미지를 향상시키기 위해서는 전문직에 합당한 근무조건 및 환경 개선이 필요하고, 새로운 전문지식 및 기술 습득을 위한 교육의 기회를 확대하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of dental hygienist images and career advice among high school teachers. A self-reported questionnaire was administered to 212 high school teachers in Gwangju, South Korea. The questionnaire contained subject`s general characteristics, images of dental hygienists, and career advice. We performed an independent t-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson`s correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and logistic regression analysis using the IBM SPSS ver. 21.0 software. Using a five-point scale, the average of all the dental hygienist images was 3.50, with personal images receiving the most positive rating at 3.83 and social images receiving the least positive rating at 2.86. The images of dental hygienists were significantly more positive in instances where the subjects recognized the dental hygienist or received treatment within one year. There were positive correlations among different kinds of images. Through multiple regression analysis, occupational images were associated with business and social images. Business images were associated with occupational and personal images. Personal images were associated with business images, especially in cases where the subjects recognized the dental hygienist. Social images were associated with occupational images, especially in cases where subjects received treatment within one year. Through logistic regression analysis, career advice was associated with social and occupational images. Therefore, our study provides suggestions on how to enhance positive recognition of social images of dental hygienists.