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식도정맥류의 조기 재출혈 예방에 결찰요법과 Octreotide의 병용치료와 결찰요법 단독치료의 효과비교
조성원,김호동,이광재,김진홍,함기백,김헌종,고광현,고영윤,고준호,이규현 대한간학회 1999 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.5 No.4
Background/Aims: Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) has been effective modality for esophageal variceal bleeding, but recurrent bleeding occurs 20 to 40% of patients. So there has been an increased interest in the use of vasoactive drugs to lower portal hypertension and help control variceal bleeding before and after endoscopy. We investigated the efficacy of octreotide (OCT) infusion as an adjunct to EVL for preventing early rebleeding from varices. Methods: From Jan. 1997 to Feb. 1999, fifty four patients with endoscopically documented esophageal variceal bleeding were included. The patients were randomly treated by EVL alone (EVL group, n=30) or EVL plus octreotide (EVL+OCT group, n=24). We evaluated the 5-day and 6-week rebleeding rate and 6-week mortality. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in two group but hospital stay (p=0.028) and units of transfused blood (p=0.043) were significantly less in EVL+OCT group. There were no significant differences on 5-day rebleeding rate (EVL group; 7%, EVL+OCT group; 0%) and 6-week rebleeding rate (EVL group; 20%, EVL+OCT group; 4%). Conclusions: The combined therapy did not decrease early rebleeding and mortality, but it was superior to EVL alone in hospital course such as requirement of transfusion and duration of hospitalization. (Korean J Hepatol 1999;5:299-305)
이광자 ( Kwang Ja Lee ),엄재정 ( Chae Chung Um ),김현경 ( Heon Kyeong Kim ),조현미 ( Hyeon Mi Jo ) 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 2012 Health & Nursing Vol.24 No.1
The purpose of this study was to describe Korean working wives`experiences. Focus group interviews were utilized to conduct a grounded theory to discover if there was stress, coping, and perception associated with Korean working women. Researchers led three focus group discussions (twenty two subjects). Ages of the subjects were between 25 and 55 years old, wives worked outside for at least twenty hours a week and wives reside with their husbands. The results of this study are as follows: Wives believe that their employment is legitimate. Their employment increased family income and they gained satisfaction in performing multiple roles, but they complained of fatigue and pain in their joints. Subjects have less time for their own. They cannot negotiate with their husbands about house work. Family members give lack of support. Korean family believed that house work and child care are the responsibility of the wife. On the other hand, outside work was considered a husband`s responsibilities. Korean women are more comfortable with their daughter`s help than their sons. The outcome of this study can be applied as grounded work. In nursing intervention it can help understand a married working women`s stress, coping and perception of the multiple roles which improve her quality of life.
우리나라 전력설비의 비가용률과 중장기 공급지장전력 추이 분석
이조련(Jo-Lyeon Lee),조강욱(Kang-Wook Cho),류헌수(Heon-Su Ryu),김광진(Kwang-Jin Kim) 대한전기학회 2008 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.11
중장기 전력계통의 신뢰도는 공급지장 에너지를 분석함으로써 평가할 수 있는데 이를 위해서는 발전설비와 송전설비의 정확한 비가용률 산정이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 우리나라의 발전기 비가용률과 송전선로 비가용률을 산정하고 이를 이용하여 중장기 전력계통의 공급지장 에너지의 추이를 분석한다.
이광야 ( Kwang-ya Lee ),김해도 ( Hae-do Kim ),조진훈 ( Jin-hoon Jo ),한국헌 ( Kuk-heon Han ),강수만 ( Su-man Kang ) 한국농공학회 2012 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2012 No.-
우리나라의 물의 이용에 있어 주된 문제는 총괄적인 수량의 부족과 더불어 담수자원만을 사용함으로써, 수계의 생태적 스트레스와 지역적으로 물의 편중이 심하다는 것이다. 최근 5~6월에 충남 전역, 경기 및 전북 일부에 국지적으로 발생한 극심한 가뭄으로, 이 지역 농작물 파종(모내기 등), 생육, 수확(마늘, 양파, 감자 등)에 큰 피해가 나타났다. 이러한 물 부족으로 인해 발생될 수 있는 사회·경제적 손실과 혼란을 막기 위해서는 현재 사용 중인 가용 수자원외에 새로운 수자원 개발이 절실히 요구되고 있어, 기존의 수자원에 대한 의존도를 줄이고 지속가능한 농업용수확보기술 개발이 시급하다. 현재 국내에서 UF/NF 분리막을 이용한 하수처리장 방류수 및 수요자 맞춤형 재이용 공정은 연구개발이 미비한 실정이다. 하수처리수의 농업용수 재이용과 관련한 종합적인 연구를 통해 농업 환경피해를 최소화하고 안전성 확보를 위한 방안의 수립이 절실히 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 양호한 수질의 유출수를 연중 공급받을 수 있는 UF/NF 분리막 기반의 고도처리를 이용한 하수재이용 시스템을 개발 하고자 한다. 기존 MF 분리막을 대체하기 위하여 고내구성·고기능성의 UF/NF 분리막 소재, 모듈을 개발하고자 하며, 분리막의 수명을 연장하고 유지관리비를 절감하기 위해, 에너지 절약형 재이용수 공정기술을 개발하고자 한다. 개발될 시스템은, 유입조, ECR 반응조, AOPs, 나노버블을 이용한 막세정 시스템, UF/NF 시스템으로 공정이 설계되며, 농업용수로써 안정적인 용수를 확보할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하고 있다. 본 연구개발을 통한 최종목표는 하수처리장의 방류수 고도처리를 통해 농촌지역 뿐만 아니라 도시지역에 필요한 고품질 맞춤형 재이용수로 공급하고, 국내·외 하수 재이용시장으로 진출하는데 있다.
김성조,백승화,김운성,문광현,김승화,이승현,장광호,문상현,김양희,박윤주,김수진 한국식품영양학회 1996 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.9 No.3
본 연구는 Allium속의 중금속 흡착력을 구명하고자 식물체의 식용부위별, 시료의 입자별, 중금속 농도별, 용액의 온도별, pH별 실험 결과이다. Allium속에 의한 중금속의 흡착량은 Allium속의 종류에 관계 없이 Pb이 Ni, Cu보다 훨씬 많았다. 대파, 쪽파는 Cu에 대하여 시료 입자가 클수록 흡착이 잘 되었으나 Ni, Pb은 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 농도별 중금속 흡착력은 농도가 높을 수록 증가하였으나 증가율은 일정하지 않았다. 온도에 따른 중금속의 흡착력은 온도 증가에 따라 증가하였으나, Ni은 대파, 달래, 부추에서 Pb은 쪽파, 달래, 부추에서 감소하였다. Pb의 흡착력은 pH에 따른 영향을 받지 않았다. Ni 및 Cu는 pH 영향을 많이 받았다. Ni은 pH증가에 달라 흡착량이 증가되었고, Cu는 오히려 감소되었다. 중금속들의 흡착에 미치는 Allium속 성분함량사이의 관계는 함황 아미노산과 비타민 B_2에서 유의성이 인정되었다. The study was performed under the various conditions, such as the edible parts and particle sizes of Allium, the concentrations, the temperatures, and the pH of heavy metal solutions to investigate their adsorption capacity of heavy metals by genus Allium. the adsorption amount of Pb by Allium in the aqueous solution was apparently higher than that of Ni and Cu by them. The larger the particle size of welsh onion and shallot was, the higher the adsorption of Cu was. The adsorptions of Cu, Ni and Pb by Allium were not much different between. The higher the concentration was, the more the adsorption was. But the adsorption ratio was not different. As the temperature increased, the amount of heavy metal adsorption increased in general, but the adsorption of Ni by welsh onion and wild garlic and leek, Cu by wild garlic, Pb by shallot, wild garlic and leek decreased. Adsorption of Pb to Allium was not affected by the different values of pH, and adsorptions of Ni and Cu were greatly affected by those of pH. Especially, the higher the pH was, the greater the Ni adsorption to Allium was, and the lower the pH was, the higher th e Cu adsorption was. The correlation between the amount of components in edible parts of Allium and that of adsorption of heavy metals was significantly high in amino acids containing sulfhydryl group(-SH) and vitamin B_2.
( Yong Suk Jo ),( Hye Yun Park ),( Sun Hye Shin ),( Deog Kyeom Kim ),( Sang-heon Kim ),( Tae Rim Shin ),( Ki-Suck Jung ),( Kwang Ha Yoo ),( Ki-eun Hwang ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-
Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) remain widely overused in clinical practice, even among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who are less symptomatic and at low risk of future exacerbations. As most clinical trials have been performed in more symptomatic and higher-risk patients, evidence regarding treatment in patients with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) group A COPD are limited. We assessed the distribution of inhaler treatment and sought to investigate the association between ICS use and future exacerbation in this GOLD group A COPD patients. Methods Patients with GOLD group A COPD who received maintenance inhalers were identified from a multicenter, prospective cohort in the South Korea. Patients were categorized as group A when they had less symptom (mMRC 0-1 and CAT < 10) and did not experience severe exacerbation in the previous year. Development of moderate or severe exacerbation during 1-year followup was analyzed according to the baseline inhaler treatment. Results In 286 patients with GOLD group A COPD, mono-bronchodilator (37.8%), dual-bronchodilator (29.0%), triple therapy (17.5%) and ICS/long-acting beta-2 agonist (15.4%) were used (Figure 1). Compared to patients without ICS-containing inhaler (N = 191), those using ICS (N = 95) were more dyspneic, more likely to have asthma history, lower lung function, and bronchodilator response. During 1-year follow-up, moderate or severe exacerbations occurred in 66 of 286 (23.1%) patients. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, ICS-containing inhaler use was not associated with the development of exacerbation (Table 1). Even in subgroup with high probability of asthma-COPD overlap, this association was not significant. Conclusion Although about one third of patients with GOLD group A COPD was using ICS-containing inhalers, use of ICS was not associated with the reduction of future development of exacerbation.