김밥과 그 재료의 세균수 측정

강국희,김혜란,고애경,김경민,최선규 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1994 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.1 No.2

We have investigated the distribution of bacteria in kimbab and its materials. The total bactria counts were over 3×10 exp(6)/g(n=30) when the kimbabs were delivered to restaurant and it exceeded the prieliminary legal level 1 × 10 exp(6)/g even though it should be negative for coliforms. In order to look into the cause of bacterial contamination in kimbabs, we examined the content materials of kimbabs. The bacterial counts were founded 10^4-10^8/g for Kim, 10^4-10^8/g for sausage, 10^4-10^6/g for spinach, 10^3-10^7/g for carrot, and 10^3-10^6/g for danmugi, respectively. From these results it could be concluded that the bacterial contamination in Kimbabs are due to kim, spinach, carrot, and sausage. Therefore, so as to reduce the bacterial contamination for kimbab, the sanitary manufacture and storage of kim and the refrigeration of content materials should be went abreast.

초등학생에서 인두배양과 항-OF 항체 보유율

정현주,김선주,김윤정,맹국영,정현주,김선주,김윤정,맹국영 대한임상병리학회 1998 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.18 No.3

한국 대외전략의 기저 : 안보를 중심으로

김국진 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략연구 Vol.5 No.3

Since December last year the IMF economic crisis has been hitting hard the South Korean economy, resulting in cutting down drastically its erstwhile economic prowess and, thus, in bringing about somewhat serious negative impacts on such non-economic areas as defense, diplomacy, and security, let alone economic sectors. It would be all the more difficult externally for South Korea, because the strategic consequences of the current economic crisis in East Asia in which South Korea as an individual country has been directly involving, could be far-reaching and serious, and would, provide, therefore, the latter with much uncertain and unstable regional security environment in East Asia, let alone coping with various sorts of security threats from North Korea, which has long been gripped by the serious socio-economic crisis as a 'failed' or 'failing' state regime. Against this backdrop, this paper aims in the main at identifying the major underpinnings of the ROK's external strategy especially in terms of security dimension, in the midst of the IMF crisis. In order to meet this research objective. we attempted to analyze in this paper. first of all. manifold, either manifest or potential. constraints coming from the current IMF economic crisis as regards the South Korea's conducting foreign as well as security policies, especially in terms of a broadened concept of comprehensive security rather than the military-oriented, narrow-scoped security one. Therefore, we have not directly dealt with defense or military policies in this paper. As a result of the analysis along the line of research suggested above. we have discerned several crucial research findings such as: (1) The current economic crisis in East Asia including South Korea seems to be a defining event of the post-Cold War interstate order in the region. especially marking the start of the second phase of the post-Cold-War regional strategic order, which will be more uncertain and changeable than the previous period from 1989-97. The strategic consequences of the IMF economic crisis in East Asia could be far-reaching: the South Korea's drastically curtailed economic capacity in dealing with long crisis-ridden North Korea, and inter alia. the economic downturn alters a central factor in the East Asian regional stability and cohesion, as underpinned by economic growth during last several decades. (2) Given a damaging impact of the current economic crisis in East Asia on maintaining regional stability and cohesion, and crucial strategic implications emanating from the regional economic crisis as such. the security environment in the region. which connotes the South Korea's external security environment. will be much uncertain and unstable in the years to come. It is in this context that South Korea has been doubly burdened, since its constraints as regards the pursuing of foreign and security policies, owing to the IMF economic crisis, would be all the more pronounced and perhaps increased because of a much uncertain and unstable security environment in East Asia. (3) It is certain that the current economic crisis in East Asia, as well as that in South Korea, is likely to make North Korea more difficult in managing to get food aids from the outside, Perhaps this situation may press the Kim Jong-il regime in North Korea to take either an option of military adventurism or a somewhat reconciliatory posture toward the South. Given several factors currently bearing upon both internal and external situations in North Korea such as: namely. internally on the one hand, a topmost priority of maintaining the Kim Jong-il regime and the really serious socio-economic crisis within the North Korean society; externally on the other, the 'soft-landing' policies of the four major powers ( the USA, China, Japan and Russia) toward North Korea, and the Kim Dae-jung government's 'Sunshine' policy vis-a-vis the North, it is our view in this paper that on balance North Korea would be likely to take an option nearer to a reconciliatory posture than a military adventurist line on a continuum from the two above extremely opposite policy options in the years ahead. At the same time we share the view to some extent that there remains a possibility of the so-called collapse scenarios' either 'implosion' or 'explosion', being translated into a reality, albeit being very slim at this stage. Finally, we have suggested in this paper the three specific security policy directions which are directly related to some major underppings of the South Korea's external security strategy, especially in this difficult era of the IMF economic crisis, as follows: First, we should exert all our endeavors in establishing a working peace-system on the Korean peninsula, mainly based upon a two-pronged strategy namely, maintaining our strong 'deterrence strategy' on the one hand and pursuing aggressive 'engagement policy' on the other, with respect to Inducing North Korea out of its self-imposed isolation. Second, we should take maximum advantage of the four major powers'(USA, China, Japan and Russia) deep concern with, and deep interests in, the 'North Korean problem' and pursuing 'soft-landing policies respectively toward the North. Herein. we should continue to strive to see it to that the North may turn to a peaceful coexistence with the South throughout such existing sorts of multilateral approaches to the Korean peninsula as, namely, carrying out the KED 0 project and advancing the four-party talks, together with exerting efforts for improving inter-Korean relations. Our strenuous efforts for establishing a peace-system on the Korean peninsula, as suggested above, would, in effect, turn out to be greatly conducive to promoting our unification diplomacy visa-a-vis the four powers surrounding the Korean peninsula. Last but not least, we should continue to exert all our efforts in realizing the forging of a multilateral security cooperation regime in Northeast Asia, i.e., a very crucial strategic environment, thereby providing the regional peace and prosperity, namely, 'collective good' beneficial to all the countries across the region.

The Relation Between Local Hysteresis Losses and Remanent Magnetic Fields in HTSC Films

Muyong Kim,Heeyeon Park,Chan Kim,Sang-Kook Park,Ri, H.-C Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.27 No.4

<P>Various critical state models have been developed to understand the hysteresis loss mechanism of high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) films. The analytic relation between the hysteresis loss and the remanent field was obtained based on Bean's critical state model for thin films in the full-penetration case. Furthermore, numerical calculation of local hysteresis loops was carried out by Kim's critical state model. In this paper, we investigated local hysteresis losses for a GdBCO coated conductor by using low-temperature scanning Hall probe microscopy and reproduced the experimental results by applying the critical state model. Because of the demagnetizing effect in thin films, analysis of local hysteresis losses can be useful approach to understand of total hysteresis losses.</P>

안과종합검진의 유용성

임수현(Soo Hyun Lim),김국영(Kook Young Kim),정재근(Jae Keun Chung)한재욱(Jae Wook Han),김응수(Ungsoo Samuel Kim) 대한검안학회 2020 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and detection rate of disease in the customized eye examination program. Methods: We reviewed the medical charts of 122 patients who have conducted the customized eye examination program from January 2018 to January 2019 in Kim’s Eye Hospital retrospectively. The customized eye examination program consisted of visual acuity test, intraocular pressure measurement, color vision test, slit-lamp examination, visual field tests, fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT, Zeiss), Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS, Visiometrics, Terrassa, Spain), and dry eye test (LipiView II TearScience, Morrisville, NC, USA). The rate of newly diagnosed diseases and vision-threatening disorders including glaucoma and retinal disorders were calculated. Results: A total of 122 patients (46 males and 76 females, mean age; 47.8 ± 14.0 years old, from 22 to 85 years) were included. Nine patients (14 eyes) had a poor vision of less than 0.8. Newly detected diseases were found in 17 patients (13.9%), and among them, 10 glaucoma (8.2%) and retinal disorders (5.7%) were included. When it comes to glaucoma, 7 patients were diagnosed with definite glaucoma with visual field loss, and 3 patients had preperimetric glaucoma. Retinal disorders were composed of 5 epiretinal membranes, 1 diabetic retinopathy, and 1 central serous chorioretinopathy. Conclusions: Various diseases were identified by the customized eye examination program, and vision-threatening diseases such as glaucoma and retinal disorders were found. Therefore, a regular eye examination is needed to detect the serious ocular diseases in the early stage.

Myelodysplastic Syndrome의 혈액학적 소견

박찬정,조한익,김상인,이재훈,김병국,김노경 大韓血液學會 1984 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

Claisen 전이반응을 이용한 γ,δ-불포화알데히드의 합성

김인규,김영애,황국상 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2

The Claisen rearrangement of alyl vinyl ether is known as useful reaction for preparations of γ, δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The reaction is a [3, 3]-sigmatropic rearrangement and takes place by a concerted mechanism through a cyclic six-membered transition state. Through Claisen rearrangement 2, 3-dimethyl-5-methyl-4-hexenal(13) was prepared from isobutyraldehyde(10) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, and also 3, 3-dimethyl-4-pentanal was prepared from 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol and ethyl vinyl ether.

공기 보조 분사 장치를 이용한 엔진 성능 향상 및 연비 개선

김세웅,심국상,이근봉 金烏工科大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

This paper describes the improvement of engine performence and fuel consumption through improved combustion formed by the tumble and swirl flows of an in-cylinder fuel-air mixture that uses an air forced fuel injector(AFI) which used compressed air. The AFI is designed to promote fuel atomization and to form uniform fuel-air mixture. In order to make up the tumble and the swirl flows of the in-cylinder mixture, the end of AFI is attached to the tube containing the fuel-air mixture to ensure the adequate flow and to ensure that the remaining kinds of mixture will flow effectively. In order to investigate the improvement of engine performence and fuel consumption, 2 models of tubes which make tumble and swirl flows were utilized. Each model was examined according to engine speed, intake manifold pressure and excess air ratio and compared with a base engine. Compared with the base engine, the results show that the AFI improves the engine performance and the brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC) in all of the engine speeds and the boost pressures at the tumble and the swirlflows. It also decreases exhaust emission of hydrocarbon(HC)

乳兒의 분변중 Bifidobacterium의 分布

金尙希,姜國熙 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1983 論文集 Vol.34 No.2

This study was carried out to know the difference and characteristics of intestinal microflora of breast and bottle fed infants and to obtain the information of Bifidobacterium. The results obtained are as follows; 1. In case of breast-fed infant feces, total cell count was 5.2 x 10 exp(10)/g, pH was 4.8-5.0 and water content was 67.24%. In case of bottle fed infants, total cell count was 4.4 x 10 exp(10)/g and pH was 6.4 - 6.8 and water content was 55.98%. 2. As a result of investigation of infant feces, the distribution of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroidaceae, Enterobacteria, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus, Yeast, Streptococcus, Veionella, and Lactobacillus was obtained. 3. The predominant organism in the feces of breast-fed infants was Bifidobacterium, averaging about 10^10/g. Though Bifidobacterium was also predominant in bottlefed infants, Bacteroidaceae, Clostridium et al were higher than that of breast-fed infants. 4. B. breve, B. liverorum and B. adolescentis were identified from breast-fed infants, and B. longum, B. liverorum, B. breve and B. adolescentis were identified from bottle-fed infants.

茵蔯蒿가 흰쥐 肝조직내 Na^+·K^+ -ATPase 活性에 미치는 영향

金柱賢,申國鉉,趙台淳 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

In order to investigate the effects of Artemisia on bile flow, the bile volume and the activities of Na^+·K^+-ATPase in liver plasma membrane and liver homogenate were examined in rats orally administered methanol extract of Artemisiae messer-schmidtiana Besser var. viridis Besser for 3 days. In the case of bile juice, the flow rate was increased 30∼70%. The activities of Na^+·K^+-ATPase was increased to 2.5 fold in liver homogenate and 2.1 fold in liver plasma membrane. On the other hand activities of Mg^++-ATPase was slightly increased in both liver homogenate and liver plasma membrane.