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성인 지역사회 폐렴의 원인 미생물에 대한 전향적 다기관 연구 : Legionella, Leptospira, Hantaan virus and Orientia tsutsugamushi
김민자,정희진,손장욱,심희선,박대원,박승철,우준희,강재명,김유겸,신완식,김양리,이환종,김지희 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.1
Background : Despite rigorous investigations, the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia remains unknown in about 50% of hospitalized patients. The diagnosis of the etiological agent is becoming more challenging and more critical as number of newer pathogens have been recognized in recent years. In the 3-year period prospective study we investigated adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia for Legionella, Leptospira, Hantaan virus and Orientia tsutsugamushi as potential etiologic agents. Methods : A prospective multicenter study was performed from May 1997 to April 2000. A total of 431 patients with community-acquired pneumonia under the inclusion criteria were examined for specific microbial diagnosis; sputum culture and PCR, and serologic teats including indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test for Legionella, and hemagglutination tests for Leptosoira, Hantaan virus and O. tsutsugamushi. Etiologic diagnosis was determined on the basis of the review of case record forms and specific laboratory diagnostic criteria. Results : During the study period a total of 385 sputum and 283 serum samples were examined. Legionella pneumonia was diagnosed in 2.3% (10/431) of the cases examined : 1.4% cases with PCR-positive (5/367) and 2.1% with positive IFA test (6/283). Leptospirosis and scrub typhus were diagnosed in 0.4% (1/252) and 2.0% (5/252), respectively. All 5 cases with scrub typhus occurred in late fall, and rash or eschar was not found. None of cases was Hantaan virus infection. Conclusion : The results suggest that Legionella, Leptospira, and O. tsutsugamushi should be considered in the etiologic diagnosis and empirical antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. (Korean J Infect Dis 32:24∼31, 2001)
이정규,전지현,김민정,이규재,김한겸,조현득,채양석 大韓法醫學會 1999 대한법의학회지 Vol.23 No.2
Although it is known that hypothyroidism can cause cardiac dysfunction, it is very hard to find a case report on sudden death due to hypothyroidism. There are only two reported cases on mediline; one is about a 15-year-old girl who died suddenly of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the other is about a 31-year-old man who also died suddenly of hypothyroidism associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Recently we found a young woman who unexpectedly died while she was sleeping. She was diagnosed as hypothyroidism when she went to hospital about a month before she died. At autopsy there were roughly four abnormal findings; Hashimoto's thyroiditis, mild chronic active hepatitis, diverticulosis and accessory spleen. Trace of chlorpheniramine was detected in gastric remains and blood alcohol level was 0.37 percent. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting sudden and unexpected natural death associated with hypothyroidism in Korea.
김민겸 ( Min-kyeom Kim ),김승현 ( Seunghyun Kim ),윤재원 ( Jae-won Yun ),정효균 ( Jeong-hyo Gyun ),곽민준 ( Min-jun Kwak ),안예린 ( Yea-lin Ahn ),박찬욱 ( Chan-wook Park ),김윤철 ( Youn-chul Kim ),서종환 ( Jonghwan Suhr ) 한국복합재료학회 2021 Composites research Vol.34 No.4
적층제조 기술의 발전으로 복잡한 구조의 제조가 용이해짐에 따라, 기존에 존재하지 않은 특성을 지닌 메타물질에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 기존에 존재하지 않은 기계, 음향, 열, 전자기 및 광학 특성을 지닌 메타물질은 높은 공학응용(Engineering applications) 가능성을 보여, 새로운 메타물질 개발 및 설계방안에 대한 연구를 지속적으로 진행하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 메타물질의 여러 특성 중 기존에 존재하지 않은 기계적 특성을 지닌 메타물질의 특성, 거동 및 물성을 소개하고 설계방안을 제시하고자 한다. 또한 설계한 메타물질을 제조하기 위해 여러 적층제조 방식별 메타물질 제조특성 들을 검토하여, 메타물질의 산업에서의 활용 가능성을 제시하고자 한다. As an additive manufacturing achieves technological advances, it enables to manufacture complex structures with saving a cost and time. Therefore, metamaterials, which has geometric complexity, have gradually gathered attention due to the unprecedented properties: the unprecedented mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic, and optical properties. The metamaterials could exhibit a high potential in engineering applications, and thus it has been steadily investigated to design or/and develop novel metamaterials. Here, mechanical metamaterials, which had been reported, were reviewed to suggest the way to design and fabricate the metamaterials for industrial applications.
레이저로 적층 제조한 금속 기지재 복합재료의 설계 및 제조 연구동향
김민겸 ( Min-kyeom Kim ),김태환 ( Taehwan Kim ),김주원 ( Ju-won Kim ),김동원 ( Dongwon Kim ),방영젠 ( Yongjian Fang ),노종환 ( Jonghwan No ),서종환 ( Jonghwan Suhr ) 한국복합재료학회 2021 Composites research Vol.34 No.4
금속 기지재 복합재료들(MMCs, Metal matrix composites)은 우수한 기계적 물성(강성, 강도, 마모 저항성, 경도 등)과 뛰어난 특성(열전도, 전기전도도, 부식 저항 등)으로 다양한 산업군에 활용되고 있다. 적층제조 기술이 발달함에 따라 복잡한 형상을 시간과 비용을 절약하여 제조할 수 있다는 이점으로, 적층 제조한 MMCs에 관한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 MMCs를 적층 제조할 경우, 다양한 원인들에 의해 여러 문제들이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다양한 MMCs의 특징들을 소개하고, 위의 문제들이 발생하는 원인을 고찰하여 소재와 Powder bed fusion (PBF) 공정 설계 관점에서 해결책을 제시하고자 한다. 본 논문은 향후 PBF 방식으로 적층 제조한 MMCs를 개발할 때 설계 및 제조 가이드라인을 제시하여 줄 수 있을 것이다. Metal matrix composites (MMCs) were widely used in various industries, due to the excellent properties: high strength, stiffness, wear resistance, hardness, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, etc. With additive manufacturing (AM) technology rapidly developed, AM MMCs have been actively investigated thanks to the cost- and time-saving manufacturing. However, several issues still need to be addressed before fabricating AM MMCs. Here, several types of MMCs were introduced and MMCs’ design methods to tackle the issues were suggested in a powder bed fusion (PBF) technique. The paper could come up with a guideline for the material and process design of MMCs in the PBF technique.
Nonvolatile Memory Characteristics of Double-Stacked Si Nanocluster Floating Gate Transistor
Kim, Eun-Kyeom,Kim, Kyong-Min,Son, Dae-Ho,Kim, Jeong-Ho,Lee, Kyung-Su,Won, Sung-Hwan,Sok, Jung-Hyun,Hong, Wan-Shick,Park, Kyoung-Wan The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2008 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.8 No.1
We have studied nonvolatile memory properties of MOSFETs with double-stacked Si nanoclusters in the oxide-gate stacks. We formed Si nanoclusters of a uniform size distribution on a 5 nm-thick tunneling oxide layer, followed by a 10 nm-thick intermediate oxide and a second layer of Si nanoclusters by using LPCVD system. We then investigated the memory characteristics of the MOSFET and observed that the charge retention time of a double-stacked Si nanocluster MOSFET was longer than that of a single-layer device. We also found that the double-stacked Si nanocluster MOSFET is suitable for use as a dual-bit memory.
A Study on Coordinated Generation Maintenance Scheduling in Competitive Electricity Markets
Min, Chang-Gi,Kim, Yu-Chang,Kim, Do-Han,Kim, Mun-Kyeom,Park, Jong-Keun The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2011 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.1 No.2
A new approach to coordinated generation maintenance scheduling (GMS) in competitive electricity market, based on game theoretic framework, is presented. The main contribution of this paper can be focused on formulating the problem of ISO and modeling the coordination procedure. In competitive markets, the objective of generation company (genco) is to maximize the profits. The objective of ISO is to ensure reliability by increasing reserve capacity during peak period. The Genco and ISO determine their own GMS according to each objective, and then GMS of Genco is compared to that of ISO with ISO reliability criteria. If they are close enough, the GMS of Genco is determined as final GMS. Otherwise the coordination procedure is repeated until the GMS of Genco satisfies the ISO reliability criteria. Numerical results for two-Genco system are used to demonstrate the applicability of this framework for maintenance scheduling problem.
Characteristics of ZnO Thin Film Transistors Fabricated Using a Microwave Sol-Gel Method
( Kyong Min Kim ),( Eun Kyeom Kim ),( Young Ill Kim ),( Kyoung Wan Park ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2014 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.52 No.2
We synthesized a gel-like phase of zinc oxide (ZnO) by employing a microwave-assisted technique and then used this gel-like phase to fabricate ZnO thin film transistors (TFTs). By utilizing this method, we were able to prepare the ZnO gel-like phase in a relatively short time and obtained polycrystalline ZnO thin films. This microwave-assisted technique also allows the use of low-temperature thermal processes in the fabrication of ZnO-TFTs. The bottom-gate TFTs with a ZnO layer as the active channel exhibited a field effect mobility of 0.6 cm2/V·s, a sub-threshold slope of 9 V/decade, and an on/off current ratio greater than 104. These results point to the possibility of using microwave-assisted techniques for transparent and flexible electronic devices based on ZnO. †(Received July 16, 2013)
( Youlim Kim ),( Myung Goo Lee ),( Yun Su Sim ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Jeong-woong Park ),( Kyung Hoon Min ),( Jae Ha Lee ),( Byung-keun Kim ),( Deog Kyeom Kim ),( Yeon Mok Oh ),( Seung Won Ra ),( Tae-hyung 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.0
Background Respiratory infection is the most common reason for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD). We aimed to investigate the etiology of the respiratory infection and the pathogen distribution in the acute exacerbation state of COPD according to GOLD classification. Methods From a multicenter cross-sectional study, we identified 467 AE-COPD patients and the pathogen profiles of the respiratory infection were collected from them. The pathogen was confirmed by conventional sputum, paired serology tests for atypical bacteria, and viral diagnostic techniques and classified by GOLD grade. Results All 467 COPD patients were classified into GOLD grade: group A (n=63, 13.5%), group B (n=140, 30.0%), group C (n=40, 8.6%), and group D (n=224, 48.0%). In most patients, no clear causative pathogen was identified for acute exacerbation, and 133 cases with confirmed pathogen were caused by a single pathogen of virus or bacteria. The distribution of the causative pathogen was identified to be different. In the cases of viruses, rhinovirus and coronavirus were found in group B, and rhinovirus and influenza A in group D patients. For bacteria, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were identified as major pathogen in group B, and P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae, E. coli and H. influenzae in group D patients. Conclusions This study suggests that the causative pathogen was shown the various distribution when classified according to the GOLD ABCD classification in COPD patients with acute exacerbation.