尹草窓의 生涯와 草窓訣에 關한 硏究

金準泰,尹暢烈 대한한의학원전학회 1992 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.6 No.-

I have studied life of Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里), who applied Un-Ki(運氣) theory to medicine during Suk-Jong(肅宗) to Jeong-Jo(正祖) in Yi-Dynasty and also studied his existing writings named 《Cho-Chang-kyeol》(草窓訣). The referenced original work prints were based on 1980's pring of Chung-Ku oriental medical society and National Central Library and The academy a korean studies possessed print. Studied with these books, I have concluded as follows. 1. Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) courtesy name is Ja-Mi(子美), pen name is Cho-Chang(草窓). He was born in 1705, Suk-Jong(肅宗) 31yrs, and died in 1784, Jeong-Jo(正祖) 3yrs in Yi-Dynasty. He had lineage of third-generationed-doctor and learned medicine from his uncle, Yoon-Woo-Kyo(尹雨敎). His father Yoon-Yi-Kyo(윤이교) gaved him second influence. 2. Confucianal physician in Ming Dynasty You-Bu(劉溥) respected Ju-Ryeom-Kyo(周濂溪), confucianist in Song-Dynasty and You-Bu(劉溥) does not removed grass in front of window (because in chinese, Cho-Chang(草窓) means grass in front of windows), and named himself Cho-Chang(草窓). Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) followed this suit so called himself Cho-Chang(草窓). 3. The main contents of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) was written in 1725, when Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) was 21yrs old and printed in 1736. The other part of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), <Yong-Yak-Pyeon>(用藥篇) was written in 1746. These two parts were not written in the same time. The <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) was written 11years earlier than <Yong-Yak>(用藥). Two parts were combined another day and named 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣). 4. Existing 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) is transcribed printing with the content of "Five elements motion and the six kind of natural factors theory"(五運六氣論). Each edition is generally similar in content, but also has different points each other so naw we hardly finds a complete set of works. 5. 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) is a first technical book which treats of Un-Ki(運氣) theory in korea. 6. The contents of <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) is mechanism of diease according to excess and insuffciency of five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors, and symptoms and priscriptions, includes variated priscriptions. 7. Two parts in <Un-Ki-Yeon-Lon>(運氣衍論) of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), 'Sang-tong'(相通) and 'Kak-Tong'(各通), threats of mechanisim of the disease according to five elements, with the principle of inter-promoting and inter-acting, in the change of ten heavenly stems and five elements motion. 8. In the <Yong-Yak-Pyeon>(用藥篇) of 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣) describes priscription for clinical application according to Un-Ki(運氣) and also records about misuse of medicine. 9. In the 《Cho-Chang-Kyeol》(草窓訣), most of priscription are common using one, which also found in 《Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam》(東醫寶鑑) and there are few of priscriptions by Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里).

표면 거칠기가 난류 유동장에 미치는 효과에 대한 실험적 연구

윤준용 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

유동장의 속도나 난류 분포를 변화시키는 표면 거칠기 효과는 공학적으로 중요한 연구대상중의 하나이다. 현재까지 거칠기가 존재하는 표면위에서의 난류 유동장에 관한 연구자료는 많지 않으며, 그간의 연구자료는 거칠기 요소를 단순화시키거나 일정한 조건의 거칠기에 대해서만 다루었다. Patel, Yoon(1996)등이 거칠기 효과를 충분히 고려할수 있는 난류 모델을 개발하는등 수치 해석에서도 거칠기에 대한 응용이 이루어지고 있지만, 다양한 거칠기 효과를 연구한 자료는 미미하다. 이에 보다 다양한 거칠기 조건과 유동 조건에 기초한 유동장을 실험적으로 해석였다. 원하는 유동장을 생성시키고 다양한 거칠기 조건의 변화를 위해 직사각단면의 덕트에서 실험하였으며, 2차원 유동장의 난류 특성을 파악하기 위해 열선 유속계를 사용하였다. The effect of surface roughness that changes velocity profile or turbulent distribution of flow field is among the important engineering research area. Until now, there are few research works done on turbulent flows over rough surfaces. A little works dealt with simplified or constantly conditioned roughness elements. Even though study of roughness in the numerical analysis like that Patel and Yoon(1996) had developed about the turbulent model applicable to the roughness effect, only few studies of various roughness effect exist. So, the experimental analysis of the flows in more realistic and plausible conditions based on more various roughness types and flow conditions has done. To acquire the good flow conditions and to change the roughness conditions, duct with rectangular cross section was used as experimental apparatus, and hot-wire anemometer was used for the measurements of 2-dimensional turbulent characteristics.

Apoptosis and necroptosis‑inducing effects of arctigenin on nasal septum carcinoma RPMI‑2650 cells in 2D and 3D culture

Yoon‑Jin Lee,Kwan‑Sik Park,Byoung Joon Baek,Kyong‑Ae Lee,Sang‑Han Lee 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

Backgrounds Arctigenin derived from the seeds of Arctium lappa Linnaeus is known as an anticancer drug candidate by targeting various pathways involved in anticancer therapy. Methods Using 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid culture systems in nasal septum carcinoma RPMI-2650 cells, the effects of arctigenin and dexamethasone on cell viability, ROS levels, ATP level, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and necroptosis were examined. Results The combination treatment of both compounds induced strong cytotoxicity, accompanied by increases of sub-G0/ G1 peak, annexin V-PE-positive cells, and ROS levels, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and decrease of cellular ATP content. These changes were observed as simultaneous induction of DNA damage, apoptosis, and necroptosis. A series of changes by arctigenin and dexamethasone were efficiently restored by decreasing ROS levels or supplementing ATP. Treatment of 3D spheroids with arctigenin and dexamethasone decreased cell viability in the spheroids, but it was slightly resistant than cells under 2D conditions. In addition, this phenomenon was accompanied by an increase in mediators for both apoptosis and necroptosis. Conclusion Results of this study suggest that the apoptosis and necroptosis-inducing effects of arctigenin are associated with ATP depletion due to oxidative mitochondrial dysfunction.

알레르기 환자에서 MAST-CLA 검사의 의의

남해선,황규윤,,백병준,정윤영,오천환,조성란,박준수 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

To evaluate usefulness of application of MAST-CLA to indetify allergens, authors conducted MAST-CLA allergen-specific IgE assay and collected allergy related symptoms in 118 allergic patients diagnosed at Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital during October 1998 through January 2000. The results were as followings; 1. The mean (SD) age was 23.1 (±12.17) years old and teenagers accounted for 33.1% of patients. 2. The frequent allergic symptoms were sneezing (59.3%), rhinorrhea (53.4%), nasal stiffness (44.1%), itching sensation (24.6%), cough or sputum (16.1%), and eye symptom (8.5%) in order. 3. Among these subjects, 62.7% of patients revealed at least more than one specific allergen and 70.3% showed elevated total IgE levels by MAST-CLA. The three most frequent specific allergens were Dermatophagoides farinae (47.5%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (45.8%), and house dust (30.5%). 4. While age was not significantly related to positive of both specific allergens and total IgE (P>0.05), sneezing and nasal stiffness were significantly associated with positive of specific allergen and total IgE, respectively (both P<0.05). 5. Total IgE increased with the number of specific allergens, but both specific allergen and total IgE were not significantly related to increases of allergic symptoms (P>0.05). In conclusion, our data suggest that MAST-CLA allergen-specific IgE assay is useful measure for identification of causative allergens in allergic patients, however, it is recommended that more specific allergic antigens should be determined and replaced or added to Korean inhalent panel of MAST-CLA.

Large Scale 2차원 자연지형 위에서 대기유동에 관한 수치적 연구

윤준용,강승규 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1997 工學技術論文集 Vol.6 No.1

The objective of this paper is to develop a computational model for the prediction of the pollutant spread from a complex terrain. The model comprises a two-dimensional, steady state and incompressible flow. This paper is to suggest velocity profile which is very important in the prediction of air pollution. This computational result can apply to predict the spread of pollutants for Sanbon city.

수산화세륨(Ⅲ)으로부터 질산암모늄세륨(Ⅳ)의 제조

윤호성,김철주,이진영,김성돈,김준수,유승준 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.3

본 연구에서는 수산화세륨으로부터 질산세륨 용액 제조 후 질산암모늄 첨가에 의한 질산암모늄세륨 제조시, 출발용액의 산도와 농도 그리고 질산암모늄 첨가량, 반응온도 및 반응시간이 질산암모늄세륨 합성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였으며, XRD, SEM 그리고 TGA 분석을 통하여 결정의 형태 및 구조에 대한 고찰을 수행하였다. 4가의 수산화세륨을 질산에 용해한 질산세륨(Ⅳ)수용액으로부터 질산암모늄 첨가에 의한 질산암모늄세륨 제조시 회수율을 고려한 최적 합성조건은 출발물질의 세륨 농도 70-100g/l, 출발용액의 산도 7 mol/l, 질산암모늄 첨가량 2.5당량, 감압·가열온도 65℃ 및 반응시간 15-30min.이었으며, 제조된 질산암모늄세륨의 결정 화학식은 (NH_4)_2[Ce(NO_3)_6) · ×H_2O(x=6-8)인 것을 알 수 있었다. Synthetic process of ammonium cerium nitrate from cerium hydroxide was presented and influences of concentration and acidity of starting solution, addition quantity of ammonium nitrate, reaction temperature, reaction time on the yield of ammonium cerium nitrate are discussed. The shape and composition of crystal were determined by SEM, thermogravimetry differential thermal, x-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. The optimum synthesizing conditions of ammonium cerium nitrate were discribed as follows; rare earth concentration of starting solution 70-100 g/l. acidity of starting solution 7 mol/l, addition quantity of ammonium nitrate 2-3 equivalent, the condition of rotary evaporation 65℃ and reaction time 15-30 min. It was also known that the chemical formulae of ammonium cerium nitrate was (NH_4)_2[Ce(NO_3)_6] ·×H_2O(x=6-8) from TGA.

프로젝트 초기 단계에서의 분쟁방지를 위한 분쟁요인 추출에 관한 연구 : 턴키공사 사례 중심으로 Focusing on Turn-Key Project

윤준선,권기범,서춘택,백준홍 韓國仲裁學會 2004 중재연구 Vol.14 No.1

Although we try to increase the order of turn key construction for the international competitiveness strengthening, the construction quality advancement and the productivity enhancement of the public sectors, the problems of the domestic turn key systems are causing the hardships of all the participants and many possible disputes. The home turn key constructions have been activated since 1997. A lot of trial and error had been experienced in these days, and the turn key systems have been changed little by little. But the bases are continuously kept because of their reflecting all the participants' opinions. In the inner turn key constructions the problems of uniform types are repeatedly occurred, and, especially, many problems happen up to the stage of early stage owing to the specialties of the turn key construction. So the dispute factors of the Korean turn key constructions were abstracted through the literature searches, the site document examinations, the case studies and the interviews with the experts. When the technicians meeting the interior turn key construction for the first time and working here now are well acquainted with only these factors, many disputes will be prevented.

地域經濟活性化를 위한 農村市場開發에 관한 硏究 : 忠南 禮山地域市場을 中心으로

尹畯相,李武鉉,申尹撤,洪性贊,朴奉圭 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1994 産業開發硏究 Vol.2 No.-

Since the first year economic development plan, imblanced development of national territory during the economic development process has aggravated remarkable disparity between urban and rural areas. For this reason, this study introduced the development of rural market as one of the development strategies of regional economic to correct the imblance and relieve regional disparity. The purpose of this study were to look into the present situation of traditional rural market and to analyze the problems for the rural development in view of the current road situations in the rural areas and status of marketing facilities in market center and to measure the degree of rural area people's satisfaction to the rural market and to suggest the development plan of activating for rural market center. To collect data, the Yesan Gun rural market were selected and a total of 591 residents and 178 merchants were sampled as final subjects of survey. Interview and/or questionnaire method was the main method of data collection. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) The population of Yesan Gun has decreased 2.85 persons per year from in 1984, but the number of vehicles were increased 2.85 times than in 1989. And the parking capacity of Yesan Eup was only 129 vehicles which were below of the total vehicles of Yesan Gun area (14,352). The number of Yesan area markets were 8 markets which consisted of 1 permanent market and 7 periodic markets. But as the economy has been developed, the conditions of rural markets have been changing. That is, the role of periodic market tends to be weakened with the growth of large cities, reinforcement of permanent markets, development of traffic facilities, large production, preferring high quality goods. 3) Generally, the people of Yesan Gun were attached for purchasing the necessaries of life and comodities and farming materials to ① Yesan Eup ② Seoul ③ Chonan Shi ④ Hongsung gun ⑤ Daejeon Shi. 4) The degree of community people's satisfaction to the town market presented 26.6% which meaned higher than dissatisfaction(9.5%). And the degree of people's inconvenience of accessibility to market center by transferring of bus terminal presented 64.2% which meaned higher than average. 5) The degree of people's dissatisfaction of traffic system in Yesan gun area presented followings: the road networks(61.5%), parking facility(68%), bus route(54%). 6) By the survey of merchants of Yesan gun area, on the average, it showed followings: the size of store was 6-10 pyeong(40%), the type of enterprise was retail dealer(70.9%), and purchasing place was wholesale dealer from Seoul(51.8%). 7) And they thought that Yesan town market were too small(70.8%), and the diversifying of goods was not enough(35.5%). 8) The merchants of Yesan area showed that the degree of into venience to traffic system was 72.7% and its to parking facility was 83.3%. And they complained that community administration agency have not tried to activate market(79.1%). Based on the results of this study, the following recommendation were made for activating regional economy and community market. That is, it is to strengthen the economic function in community market so as to suffice the economic and social activities for settlement area as their living space. And it is necessary to improve the interrelationship of the central functions. 1) So, the accessibility between market center and its surrounding areas must be rised. ① the enforcing preferentially to pave the bus terminal and market center to link two place. ② the running of shuttle-bus two place every regular market day. ③ the widening and connecting the road to rise accessibility between market center and its surrounding area. ④ the enforcement of parking facility around market center. ⑤ the constructing marketing centered area as intergrated body of various marketing facilities in the adjacent site is the centered area planned to achieve efficient marketing. 2) The modernization and specialization market center facilities. 3) The strengthening of drawing surrounding area people into Yesan market center. So, the following recommended: ① the development of special products market ② inducing special projects ③ the development tour and leisure course drawing industrial facilities. 4) And it needs to enforce community people's local patriotism and to support community markets by administration agency.

흰쥐에서 방광경부 부분폐쇄의 제거가 방광근의 수축력에 미치는 영향

김준철,윤재영,황태곤,박용현,김광명 大韓泌尿器科學會 1997 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.38 No.12

피나무(Tilia amurensis), 뽕잎피나무(T. taquetii), 일본피나무(T. japonica)의 형질분석을 통한 분류학적 한계

尹準九,張珍成,金輝,張桂羨,李興洙 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 2003 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.23

본 연구는 한국산 피나무속의 3종(T.amurensis, T. insularis, T. taquetii)과 일본피나무(T.japonica)를 대상으로 6개 정량 형질(잎의 길이와 폭, 털의 밀도, 화경의 길이, 열매의 길이와 폭)을 비교 검토하였다. T.amurensis(피나무)와 T. insularis(섬피나무) T. taquetii(뽕잎피나무)는 기존에 잎의 크기와 털의 정도가 주요 형질로 알려져 있지만 본 연구결과 모두 뚜렷한 구분이 없는 연속변이를 보였다. 또한, 일본피나무와 국내 자생 피나무와 비교한 결과 기존에 알려진 화경의 길이에서 차이를 보였는데 제한된 개체를 근간으로 조사한 결과 일본피나무가 다소 긴 것을 확인하였다. 국내 자생 피나무, 섬피나무, 뽕잎피나무의 경우 독립된 종이기보다는 모두 피나무의 지역적 변이체임을 확인함과 동시에 동일종으로 처리하는 것이 타당하다고 생각한다. 그러나, 일본피나무의 경우는 좀 더 많은 개체수를 확보하여 화경의 길이에 대해 보다 자세한 조사가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. The hair density and type of leaf and bract, size of leaf and absence/presence of staminodes are important to recognize many taxa of Tilia. The systematic relationships among T. amurensis, T. insularis, T. taquetii in Korea and T. japonica in Japan were confused and were not clarified yet. Flower and fruit specimens of 121 individuals were sampled to investigate patterns of intraspecific variation and to evaluate the species delimitation among Tilia amurensis, T. taquetii, T. insularis, and T. japonica using six characters. The morphological differentiation among T. amurensis, T. insularis, and T. taquetii was not sufficient to warrant recognition of either specific or varietal status and should be treated as conspecific under T. amurensis. Based on results of limited number of specimens, the morphological discontinuity between T. amurensis and T. japonica was found only in peduncle length. Further study on this reproductive character are required to conduct any taxonomic treatment on these taxa.