황기桃紅湯이 Endotoxin으로 유발된 白鼠의 血栓症에 미치는 영향

田炳薰,李鎭弘,鄭鉉雨,禹元洪,鄭遇悅 대한동의병리학회 1993 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.8 No.-

연구배경 : 최근의 死亡率중에 腦血管系疾患이 차지하고 있는 比率이 대단히 높기 때문에 氣와 血의 이론적 관계인 "氣爲血之帥, 氣行則血行." 의 관점하에서 腦血管系疾患중의 하나인 血栓病을 동의학적 병리론에 의거하여 "瘀血"의 범주에 속할 것으로 사료되기 때문에 補氣之劑인 황기를 君藥으로하고 活血祛瘀之劑인 桃仁과 紅花를 加하여 실시하기로 하였다. 그리하여 본 연구가 임상에서 血栓症治療에 應用할 수 있는지를 考察하고, 작게는 東醫學 發展의 이론적 뒷받침이 되었으면 하는 바램에서 시행하였다. 방법 : 황기도홍탕이 1첩분량(318.75g)을 100ml로 減壓濃縮하여 0.2mg/kg의 endotoxin을 試料投與 1시간 후에 白鼠의 尾靜脈에 注入하고 4시간이 경과되면 urethane 痲醉下에서 心臟採血 하였다. 결과 : 血小板數와 FDP는 對照群에 비하여 增加 또는 減少되었지만 有意性은 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 prothrombin time과 fibrinogen량은 對照群에 비하여 有意性있게 短縮 또는 增加하였다. 결론 : 황기도홍탕이 endotoxin으로 誘發된 白鼠의 血栓症에 미치는 影響은 有意한 것으로 나타났다. 그렇기 때문에 黃?桃紅湯이 腦血管疾患 뿐만 아니라 瘀血性疾患에 임상적으로 응용하면 보다 높은 치료효과를 거두리라 思料된다 This study was performed to investigate the effect of Whangkidohongtang(황기도홍탕) on the intravascular coagulation induced by endotoxin in rats. The intravascular coagulation was induced by injecting endotoxin in the caudal vein of rats. And these rats were treated with extract of Whangkidohongtang(황기도홍탕)1.0ml/200g (GroupⅠ) and Whangkidohongtang(황기도홍탕) 2.0ml/200g (groupⅡ), which were administered orally. Then, the number of blood cells, platelets, concentration of prothrombin time, fibrinogen and FDP(fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products) were measured. The following results were obtained : 1. The number of platelets increased in the GroupⅡcompared with the control group, but it is not significant. 2. The prothrombin time was shortened significantly in the GroupⅡcompared with the control group. 3. The concentration of fibrinogen increased significantly in the trial group compared with the control group. 4. The degree of concentration of FDP decreased significantly in the trial group compared with the control group, but it is not significantly. According to the above results, it is considered that Whangkidohongtang(황기도홍탕) has the significant effects on thrombosis. Therefore, Whangkidohongtang(황기도홍탕) seems to be applicable to the diseases related to thrombosis.

Effects of Pilger Rolling and Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Ag-electroplated 304 Stainless Steel Tubes

Hyun Park,Woo‑Jin Lee,Jae‑Han Son,Han‑Kyun Shin,Sung‑Kyu Hong,Hyo‑Jong Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.8

We introduce a cost-effective method that combines electroplating with metal cold working processes to manufacture compositetubes with robust corrosion resistance. First, a 3-step electroplating process was developed to form an adhesive anduniform Ag coating on the outer wall of a 304 stainless steel tube. The process consisted of a Ni-strike step for removing thepassivation layer of the initial 304 tube, Cu deposition for smoothing the surface by adding a buffer layer, and Ag deposition. To reinforce the interfacial adhesion between the electroplated layers and the 304 tube and increase the area of the Ag coating,a pilger rolling or pilger rolling + heat-treatment process was performed after the Ag electroplating process. Scanningelectron microscopy of the composite tubes after each process indicated that the as-deposited Ag coating changed fromhaving a rough to smooth surface after only pilger rolling and with additional heat treatment. Electron backscatter diffractionanalysis of the microstructures and textures of the tubes revealed that dynamic recrystallization occurred extensively duringpilger rolling, resulting in the formation of a relatively defect-free grain structure without heat treatment. Furthermore,electrochemical polarization curves determined that the Ag-coated composite tubes are superior to the uncoated 304 tubein terms of corrosion resistance under Cl−atmosphere, owing to the formation of a AgCl passivation layer during testing. Surface analysis of the composite tubes suggests that the properties of the AgCl passivation layer are related to the grainsize of the Ag coating and the density of plastic-deformation-induced defects.

에어컨 냉각 팬용 브러쉬레스 DC 전동기의 역기전력 분석에 대한 연구

조정현,김지현,정정원,황흥식,이치우 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2012 공학기술연구지 Vol.18 No.-

Compared to conventional dc motors having the combination of commutators and brushes, a brushless DC (BLDC) motor is one of the highly efficient motors due to its electrical commutation without a brush, and this feature allows the BLDC otor to be more suitable for an application requiring no maintenance due to mechanical wear between a commutator and a brush. Also, the BLDC motor has a few benefits over both a dc motor and an induction motor such as high dynamic response, high efficiency, logn life span, and low noise in wide speed-torque region. This paper investigates the variation of voltage induced in phase windings in a BLDC motor in several cases with respect to stack length, steel grade, and coil material. This study is numerically conducted and it is verified from the theoritical point of view by comparing the result of simulation with that of experimental measurement.

글루콘산 생산을 위한 최적 배양조건

홍성란,이현절,정봉우,김춘영 全北大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

The production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger KCTC 2119 was studied. The Optimal culture conditions, such as initial pH, temperature, inoculum size and medium composition were established. Maximum overall gluconic acid productivity, 0.13g/L · hr was obtained when the cultivation was carried out at 33℃ and initial pH 5.5 for 72 hrs, with medium containing 110g/L glucose, 0.5g/L (NH_4)_2SO_4, 0.2g/L KH_2PO_4, 1.0g/L MgSO_4·7H_2O, and 0.1g/L corn steep liquor. The metabolic parameters such as specific growth rate, cell and gluconic acid yields were estimated for process improvement.

2단 간헐 포기조의 포기/비포기 시간비에 따른 영양염류 제거특성

김홍태,신석우,오상화,권성현 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.7

This study was conducted to remove organics and nutrients using 2 stage intermittent aeration reactor. First reactor, using suspended microbial growth in intermittent aeration instead of anaerobic reactor in the typical BNR process, used minimum carbon source to release P. and it was possible to reduce ammonia loading going to second reactor. In the second reactor, using moving media intermittent aeration, it was effective to reduce nitrate in non-aeration time by attached microorganisms having long retention time. In aeration time, nitrification and P uptake were taken place simultaneously. From the experiment, two major results were as follows. First, the removal of organics was more than 90%, and optimum aeration/non-aeration time ratio for organic removal was corresponded with aeration/non-aeration time ratio for nitrogen removal. Second, in the first reactor, optimum aeration/non-aeration time ratio was 15/75 (min.) because it was necessary to maintain 75 min. of non-aeration time to suppress of impediment of return nitrate and to lead release of phosphate. In the second reactor, optimum aeration/non-aeration time ratio was 45/90 (min.).

古代哲學思想이 東醫病理學에 미친 影響

鄭遇悅,李鎭弘,鄭鉉雨 대한동의병리학회 1997 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.11 No.2

學問은 어느시대를 막론하고 그 胎動當時의 時代的·社會的·政治的·思想的 背景속에서 발전한다. 韓醫學 또한 이러한 背景속에서 발전되었다. 醫學은 환자의 질병을 치료하기 위한 학문으로 인체의 陰陽平衡狀態를 建康이라 정의한다면 疾病이란 인체의 陰陽失調(陰陽偏盛偏衰)라 말할 수 있다. 이러한 疾病을 유발시키는 원인과 그 원인으로 인하여 인체에 나타나는 각종 症狀들에 대 病理機轉을 밝히기 위해서는 韓醫學의 胎動當時의 배경들을 연구할 필요성이 있다하겠다. 그리하여 《黃帝內徑》이 著述되기 前 古代 哲學思想이 韓醫學 理論定立-東醫病理學-에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는가를 고찰하기 위하여 현재 출간되고 있는 韓醫學 서적을 중심으로 고대 서적들을 참고하여 陰陽五行論과 精氣神論의 형성과정을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 古代 哲學思想인 敬天崇祖思想과 陰陽五行思想, 精氣神學思想들이 그 시대의 學術的 思想을 반영하듯 韓醫學에서도 역시 主流를 이루고 있었고, 이를 바탕으로 病因論도 고찰할 수 있었다. 즉, 韓醫學의 認識方法인 由果析因ㆍ類比推理ㆍ以象測臟 및 以表測裡의 方法을 통하여 疾病의 原因과 病理機轉등을 밝혔는데, 이것이 바로 그 時代的ㆍ學術的 背景에 따른 것임을 알 수 있었다. Because a time, society, politics, thought bring about effect learning, formation of oriental medicine is formed this background also, Before《Nae-Kyung》was written to study numerous effect antiquity philosophically on oriental medicine pathology investigated books from antiquity to presently. The result were as follows. 1. Before the Chroicles of Lu witch docters acted. 2. In the Chroicles of Lu, philosophically were "the Uem-Yang-O-Haeng theory", "Jeong-Chi-Shin theory" and "Chen-Yin-Shang-Ueong theory" etc. 3. This theories were effected formation of oriental medicine(the cause of a disease, course of disease, pathologic change, therapy etc)

化學反應蒸着에 의한 CdS 多結晶 薄膜制作 및 그 特性硏究 (Ⅰ)

강현식,남궁윤,최선우,홍광준,최용대 全北大學校 敎育大學院 1986 敎育論叢 Vol.6 No.-

CdS thin film was fabricated by chemical bath deposition method and polycrystallined by the proper heat treatment. The physical properties of the amorphous and polycrystal of CdS thin film were observed and calculated by measuring the X-ray diffraction patterns, optical absorption, transmission and photoconductivity. From the present experiments, we obtained the energy band gap of the CdS polycrystal thin film to be 2.42eV and the In donor impurity level to be 0.025 eV below the conduction band : Another result was to be a_o=4.13Å and c_o=6.75Å for lattice constants of the hexagonal structure. Also, we attempted it to find the possibility of the application to photosensor. To apply cds this film to the photosensor more sufficiently, further experiments are required to accumulate data on such problems.

강원도지역에서 발생한 발진열과 쯔쯔가무시병

민창홍,장우현,강재승,조수익,최문기,조민기,윤창순,김윤원 대한감염학회 1988 감염 Vol.20 No.2

In Korea, there has been an increasing concern on rickettsiosis as one of most prevailing acute febrile illness, since murine typhus and scrub typhus had not been reported for 2 decades until 1986 and thereafter a few studies were reported on these diseases. A microimmunofluorescence test was used to study antibodies to R. typhi and R. tsutsugamushi in urban and rural inhabitants students, and patiants suspected of leptospirosis or rickettsiosis from 1986 to 1987 in Kangwon-do Korea. 43% of inhabitatnts and 17% of students reacted to R. typhi. Only one inhabitant among inhabitants and students reacted to R. tsutsugamushi. Among 169 patients, 43(25%) reacted to R. typhi, 38(22%) to R. tsutsugamushi and 25(15%) to Leptospira interrogans. Sexual rate(male; female) in murine typhus was 1.7:1, that in scrub typhus was 1:2.2 and that in leptospirosis was 1.5;1. The age ditribution of patients with murine typhus was generally even over 20 years old. But 71% of patients with scrub typhus were over 40 years old. Scrub typhus was most prevailing in female over 40 years old. Murine typhus was relatively more prevailing in Choonchun city than rural area as compared with scrub typhus and leptospirosis. Most of scrub typhus occurred in rural area. Most of each disease occurred between September and November (murine typhus; 93%, scrub typhus; 95%, leptospirosis; 84%) with a peak in October. Scrub typhus considerably occurred not only October(58%) but also November(28%). All patients with scrub typhus were immediately diagnosed by antibody when they visited hospital. 53% of patients with murine typhus were diagnosed when they visited hospital within 7 days after onset of illness, and others were done by second sera obtained 8 days after. The patients in whom IgM was seronegative but antibodies of other class were seropsitive by 20 days after onset of illness, were 14% in murine typhus and 26% in scrub typhus. At least those patients were considered to be infected second. Murine typhus and scrub typhus were suggested to be endemic diseases in Kangwon-do as antibodies of inhabitants and characteristics of patients' sera were considered. By serologic finding of patients with scrub typhus in Kangwon-do, Gilliam was 59'% of etiologic strain of scrub typhus, Karp was 41q% and Kato was none. Most scrub typhus occurred in person to be related to agriculture, but murine typhus was not related to job and occurred more in small city than rural area. Rash was scarcely detected in murine typhus and scrub typhus, and eschar was in 50% of scrub typhus only. Serum transaminase elevated in many patients with scrub typhus and murine typhus. Leukocytosis and abnormal finding in chest X-ray were showed in some patients with scrub typhus but were scarcely in murine typhus.

Paint sludge내 활성을 고려한 건조방법에 관한 연구

이순홍,백우진,윤강재,이재현,김화진 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2004 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

각종 도장산업에서 발생하는 paint sludge는 대부분 소각후 매립 또는 건조과정을 거쳐 단순 무기재로서 재활용되어지고 있다. paint sludge의 양은 매년 증가하는 추세이고 이에따라 국내외에서는 paint sludge를 보다 가치가 높은 유기재로서 재활용하는 방안이 연구되어지고 있다. 따라서 재활용공정 중 필수공정인 건조방법을 이전과는 다른 방법등을 도입하여 paint sludge내 활성기를 보존하고 함유수분을 효율적으로 제거하기 위하여 효과적인 연구방법을 찾는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 문헌연구를 통하여 건조온도를 낮추는 효과를 기대할 수 있는 물리적 방법인 감압건조법과 paint sludge에 첨가제를 첨가하여 건조효율을 높일 수 있는 화학적 첨가제를 첨가한 방법을 건조방법에 적용하여 실험하였다. 또한 화학적 첨가제 첨가 후 전처리로서 수분산시킨후 감압여과하는 공정을 추가하여 실험하였다. 감압건조법을 이용하여 활성기 잔존을 위한 최적의 조건을 온도별, 압력별 건조효율 비교실험을 통하여 80℃, 60mmHg로 결정한 후 각 첨가제별 건조효율을 비교하였다. 4가지 첨가제 중 bentonite가 24시간 건조 후 함수율 2.38%로 가장 높은 효율을 나타냈었다. 또한 전처리를 행한 경우 magnesium chloride, sodium hydrogen carbonate 및 bentonite는 paint sludge 입자내 수분을 흡습하여 여과시 시간을 길게 진행하여도 기존의 함수율보다 낮은 함수율을 얻었다. Calcium oxide경우 감압여과 30분 처리 후 감압건조를 실시한 결과 첨가량이 증가할수록 높은 효율을 나타내었으며 첨가량 5%일때를 제외하고 10%, 20%, 30%일때 모두 4시간안에 5%이하의 함수율을 얻을 수 있어 감압건조만으로 이루어진 공정에 비해 절반정도의 시간을 단축할 수 있었다. 첨가제량에 따른 경제성과 재활용시 영향을 미칠 가능성을 고려하여 첨가제량은 10%정도가 적절한 것으로 판단된다. Paint sludge내 활성을 고려한 건조방법에 관한 연구 활성기의 손실여부는 FT-IR spectrum을 사용하여 -COOH, -OH 및 -NH_(2)기가 건조후 paint sludge powder내에 존재하고 있음을 확인하였다. 활성기의 존재로 인하여 paint sludge의 물성을 유지한 고기능성 재료로의 재활용이 가능할 것으로 예상되며 실제 공정에 적용할 경우 좀 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것이라 사료된다. Most of the paint sludge that is derived in the paint industry is buried after incineration. Only a few amount of them recycled as an inert inorganic filler in the fine powder form by the process of being dried or after incineration. The purpose of this study is to find out the effective method that can dehydrate and preserve active radical in efficiency. We made the experiment on the method of decompression drying which can lower the temperature of drying as a physical method, the method of a chemical addition which can rise the efficiency of drying. In the study, bentonite was the most excellent in the dehydrating efficiency to show the final water content of 4.5% in 10 hours, and sodium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium chloride, calcium oxide, raw paint sludge followed bentonite in order to of efficiency, when we decided 60mmHg, 80℃ as the best suited condition for the survival of active radical. We measured the loss of active radical by using FT-IR spectrum and confirmed the existence of -COOH, -OH and NH_(2) radicals in paint sludge.

전립선비대증 환자에서 Beta-Sitosterol의 임상효과

이홍우,조용현,윤문수 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.12