All-carbon-based cathode for a true high-energy-density Li-O₂ battery

Lim, Hee-Dae,Yun, Young Soo,Cho, Se Youn,Park, Kyu-Young,Song, Min Yeong,Jin, Hyoung-Joon,Kang, Kisuk Elsevier 2017 Carbon Vol.114 No.-

<P>Li-O-2 batteries have a high theoretical energy density; however, their current cathode system based on a heavy metal framework strikingly diminishes their real energy density. Herein, we report the fabrication of all-carbon-based cathodes composed of conventional active carbon and a carbon mesh (CM) framework produced from waste silk fabric by simple pyrolysis. CM frameworks show a high electrical conductivity of similar to 150 S cm(-1), good tensile strength of 34.1 +/- 5.2 MPa, and a Young's modulus of 4.03 +/- 0.7 GPa, as well as a well-ventilated ordered macroporous structure. These all-carbon-based cathodes exhibit stable cycling and high energy densities of similar to 2600 Wh kg(-1) based on total electrode weight, which are 4-15 times higher than those of conventional air cathodes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

忠武 造船工業의 立地變動

林永大 新羅大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.38 No.1

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of location and locational dynamics of shipbuilding industry in Choongmoo city. Korea, and to examine whether or not the results of preceding studies on the location and locational dynamics of shipbuilding industry in the other areas, are applicable to explain the location and locational dynamics of the industry in Choongmoo city. In addition, it is to supply informations for the locational policy of the shipbuilding industry by government. For attaining these purpose, four hypotheses on the location and locational dynamics of shipbuilding industry were established. They were based on the results of the preceding studies on the location and locational dynamics of the industry in the other areas. The hypotheses were examined in terms of hard data and soft data. Hard data were for the analysis of spatial distribution dynamics. Hard data were about the names of firms and their owners, addresses, the number of employees and the types of products which were recorded in Firms Directories. Soft data were the results of the interviews with the owners given. The interviews have been planned to be done with the owners of all shipbuilding firms(44 firms) located in Choongmoo city, and were actually done with the owners of 30 firms among them. The major findings were as follows: 1. The main factor leading the outward spatial variations of shipbuilding industry to a specific direction, is government policy. 2. The spatial variations of industry are the results of both the decrease of industry in inner city and the increase in outer city. 3. The main factors of locational decision of firms are owners' hometown, agglomeration, market, land and government policy. 4. The impacts of locational factors are different in the level of locational selections: in regional selection, owners' hometown, agglomeration, market and land are especially important; in site selection, land, agglomeration, market and government policy are especailly important. 5. The outward relocations of firms result from mainly on firm policy, government policy and pollution. 6. The spatial extents of the relocations are limited within short distance due to the availability of land and necessity of close contacts with relevant firms and customers. Examining four hypotheses established in this study on the basis of above facts, all hypotheses were proveded positive but two(hypothesis 1 and 3) were partially positive. This means that the characteristics of location and locational dynamics of shipbuilding industry in Choongmoo city are not so different from the case of shipbuilding industry in the other areas. Therefore, the results of preceding studies on the location and locational dynamics of hipbuilding industry in the other areas are applicable to the location and locational dynamics of hipbuilding industry in Choongmoo city.

L-THIA/NPS to Assess the Impacts of Urbanization on Estimated Runoff and NPS Pollution

임경재,비니드엥겔,김영석,최증대,김기성 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2003 環境硏究 Vol.20 No.-

The land use changes from non-urban areas to urban areas lead to the increased impervious areas, consequently increased direct runoff and higher peak runoff. Urban areas have also been recognized as significant sources of Nonpoint Source (NPS) pollution, while agricultural activities have been known as the primary sources of NPS pollution. Many features of the L-THIA/NPS GIS, L-THIA/NPS WWW system have been enhanced to provide easy-to-use system. The L-THIA model was applied to the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed in Indiana to evaluate the accuracy of the model. The L-THIA/NPS GIS estimated yearly direct runoff values match the direct runoff separated from U.S. Geological Survey stream flow data reasonably. The R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe values are 0.67 and 0.60, respectively. The L-THIA estimated runoff volume and total nitrogen loading for each land use classification in the LEC watershed were computed. The estimated runoff volume and total nitrogen loading in the LEC watershed increased by 180% and 270% for the 20 years. Urbanized areas - "Commercial", "High Density Residential", and "Low Density Residential" of the LEC watershed made up around 68% of the 1991 total land areas, however contributed more than 92% of average annual runoff and 86% of total nitrogen loading. Therefore, it is essential to consider the impacts of land use change on hydrology and water quality in land use planning of urbanizing watershed.

다짐함수비 變化에 따른 필댐의 擧動分析

임희대,김태곤,이영섭,고근식 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.2

Compaction water content is a key variable which controls fundamental properties of compacted clay (permeability, deformation and strength). There are three conditions in compaction water content (i.e. dry of optimum, optimum and wet of optimum). Actually, soil mass by compaction is unsaturated condition before seepage therefore, soil suction is the key which is able to explain properties of compacted clay. This paper used results from compacted Pittsburg sandy clay tested under UU test condition from Duncan and Seed in order to determine hyperbolic parameters and simulated behavior of Soyanggang dam as a example. As the results of analysis, dry of optimum presents higher strength and smaller displacement. Wet of optimum is sensitive to water content. Both dry and wet of optimum, any hydraulic fracturing potential does not appear. But dry of optimum is close to hydraulic fracturing.

갑상선암 예측에 있어 초음파적 변수 분석

임현정,최영식,박요한,오경승,이강대 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Background: The introduction of high resolution sonography has made it possible to detect nodules in the thyroid gland. However, there has been no reliable sonographic sign for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid conditions. The aim of present study was to evaluate ultrasonographic (US) parameters in predicting thyroid cancer. Methods: One hundred fifty three patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Kosin Medical Center from January, 2000 to April, 2002 were included in the study. All patients were checked high resolutional US before surgery. Of the 153 patients 89 were malignant tumors and 64 benign. Malignant US parameters were defined as calcification, irregular margin, more taller than wide, and fat line obliteration. Calcification pattern was classified with single, punctated, and amorphous calcification. The US characteristics to predict malignancy were evaluated by means of multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: All of the malignant sonographic parameters such as calcification, 53 (89.8%) were thyroid carcinoma. The incidence rate of malignancy was 55.9% in solitary nodules and 65.7% in multiple nodules (p=0.303). Even though nodule size was less than 1.5㎝, the incidence of malignant tumor was 69.5% (p=0.04). Of 53 malignant nodules with calcification, the incidence of single, punctated, and amorphous calcification pattern was 6 (11.3%), 22 (41.5%), 25(47.2%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of sonographic parameters were 76.4%, 87.5%, 89.5%, 72.7% and 81.0%, respectively. Upon the correlation of US-guided FNA cytology with pathologic diagnosis, the sensitivity of ultrasound-guided FNA cytology in differentiating benign and malignant nodule was 85.9%, the specificity 100% and overall diagnostic accuracy was 91.2%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US parameters associated to follicular neoplasm, all were 75.0%. Conclusion : All the malignant US parameters including calcification, irregular margin, and more tall than wide showed high level of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Of these parameter, calcification and irregular margin were more significants. The more presence of calcifications with punctated and amorphous pattern could suggest the higher possibility of malignancy. However, further study is needed for clinical application of malignant US parameters in the thyroid tumors.

Identification of Novel Endo-β-1,4-glucanase Isoforms fromBursaphelenchus Species (Nemtoda: Aphelenchoididae)

Dae-Weon Lee,Il Sung Moon,강재순,Hyun Jung Choe,최재영,제연호,이시혁,Hye Rim Han,Kook-Jin Lim6,Young Ho Koh 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.2

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus has been recognized as a causal pathogen of pine wilt disease (PWD). In order to identify relevant molecular biomarkers, we selected a variable region of endo-β-1,4-glucanase (β14-gcn) which was cloned from the cDNA of B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus. We then identified three novel β14-gcn isoforms: Bm-β14-gcn and Bm-β14-gcni from B. mucronatus, and Bx-β14-gcn from B. xylophilus. Bm-β14-gcn and Bx-β14-gcn were found to be identical, whereas Bm-β14-gcni was unique to B. mucronatus. These isoforms are Bursaphelenchus-specific and may be employed as molecular markers for the diagnosis of PWD. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that these β14-gcns from Bursaphelenchus species were associated most closely with fungal β14-gcns.

釜山의 工業空間에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ) : 1962∼1976年間의 工業空間變化를 中心으로 Mainly on the Spatial Variation of Industry in 1962-1976

林永大 新羅大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

In this study, an attempt is made to clarify the distributional patterns of Busan industry and their changes in 1962∼1976. For this purpose, the employee number of 18 groups of industries by dong(Fig. 1) in Busan was used as the basic data. Distribution of the industries was examined through the method of Principal-Components Analysis. The results are as follows: Busan had shown a heavier concentration of industrial activities than any other region in Korea and shown the structural changes of its industry in 1962∼1976. Thus Busan not only had the same characteristics of industrial structure as that of Korea in which textile-apparel-leather, fabricated metal-machinery, chemicals-petroleum and food-beverages are important, but had the characteristics of specialization in such industries as chemicals-petroleum, lumber-furniture and primary metal which had the locational characteristics oriented to port. Spatial variation of Busan industry in 1962∼1976 had oriented to the northestern and northwestern urban fringes like that of city development in Busan. As the result, while the industrial spaces which were localized in the C.B.D. and sub-C.B.D. in 1962 were expanded into the urban fringes, especially into the northeastern and northwestern parts, the formation of large industrial cores and belts were brought by the combination of cores and by the expanasion of industrial spaces around industrial cores. And the continuous agglomeration of a particular industry in a particular area increased the number of areas specializing in a particular industry. Thus the specialized areas were only 3 regions (Nampo, Seomyeon and Beomil region) in 1962 and all of them were localized in C.B.D. and sub-C.B.D. But in 1976, these specialized areas increased to 7 regions(Yongho, Suyeong, Sasang and Dongrae region in addition to 3 regions in 1962) and four of them were located in northeastern (Yongho and Suyeong region) and northwestern(Sasang and Dongrae region) urban fringes. Finally, this spatial variation changed the distributional pattern of Busan industry with 6 dimensions in 1962(food, beverages, textile, apparel, rubber, primary metals, machinery, transportation equipment; stone-clay-glass; paper, printing-publishing; petroleum-coal; furniture-fixtures; lumber-wood, chemicals, electrical machinery) to the pattern with 3 dimensions in 1976(food, beverages, texiles, apparel, paper, printing-publishing, leather, rubber, chemicals, petroleum-coal products, fabricated metal products, machinery, electrical machinery, transprtation equipment; lumber and wood, furnitures; stone-clay-glass products, primary metals) and more distinct similarities or linkages among industries within each dimension were found in the distributional pattern in 1976 than in 1962 as a result. Among the characteristics in the spatial variation of Busan industry in 1962∼1976, the fact that spatial variation of Busan industry oriented to the same direction of city development proves the characteristics in the spatial variation of urban industry which takes the same direction as that of city development. However, it is noticeable that the spatial variation of Busan industry directed to the northeastern and northwestern parts as the result of geographical conditions in Busan, and that this spatial variation was brought by the increase of industry in urban fringe and by the relative decrease of it in intra-urban areas caused by such main processes as birth and death of firms.

Wetting에 의한 필댐 상류측 shell의 거동특성

임희대,백장열,이영섭 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.2

The primary objective of this paper is to see the behavior characteristics of rockfill dam due to wetting. There are many factors which affect the dam failure. One of them is the influence of reservoir filling. Differential movements in dam and foundation develop during reservoir filling, they induced cracking and consequent erosion, and sometimes caused dam failure. One of the major factors contributing to the development of differential movements during reservoir filling is the compression due to wetting which occurs in a wide variety of different types of soils including rockfill. To perform the numerical analysis of dam behavior adequately, the large-scaled triaxial test is needed to consider the effect of wetting on dry and wet rockfill material. But, As the large-scaled triaxial test is high capital cost and not available apparatus for a number of other experiment, it is not applied many case in the country. In this paper, the data of Oroville dam which performed the large-scaled triaxial test is referenced to find out stress-strain curve and hyperbolic parameters on wetting for modeled dam which is not performed the large-scaled triaxial test. So, effect of wetting on modeled dam can be considered for numerical analysis of dam behavior. As a result of numerical analysis, they estimate that horizontal and vertical displacement are increased with the rate of increasing wetting, and shear stress too. Because compression and shear strength is decreased with proceeding wetting. And results of analysis show that load transfer is not affect significantly by the wetting.

신경베체트병에 의한 신경인성방광 : 증례보고

이길용,임건한,소영석,노준,김철성,장대수 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.2

The co-existence of mouth and genital ulceration with iritis was first defined as a syndrome by Behcet. It is now known to be a chronic and relapsing systemic disease, which involves many other systems. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction due to Behcet's disease, however, is extremely rare, and only a limited number of cases have been reported in the international literature. Voiding disfunction in Behcet's disease can be due to neurological or direct bladder involvement and can be related to bladder and sphmctehc components in both phases of micturition. We report on a 35-year old patient with a neuropathic bladder secondary to Behcet's disease.