십이지장 결핵 2예의 내시경적 고찰

장린,박충기,민영일,장영운,우정택,방익수,최학림,장주희 대한소화기내시경학회 1985 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.5 No.1

Today, the duodenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. Final diagnosis of duodenal tuberculosis is difficult due to inconsistent symptoms and nonspecific duodenal lesions. We found 2 cases of duodenal tuberculosis by gastrascopy. In gastroscopic findings, there were undetermined ulcers and irregular nodular mucosal changes.

OFDM 시스템의 PAPR 저감을 위한 심벌 그룹핑 SLM 기법

최익녕,이현재,오창헌 한국기술교육대학교 2004 論文集 Vol.10 No.2

본 논문은 OFDM 시스템에서 PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio) 문제를 효과적으로 저감시키기 위하여 기존 SLM (selective mapping) 기법과는 달리 심벌 그룹핑 후 그룹별로 같은 스크램블 코드를 이용하는 새로운 방법을 제안하고 성능을 분석하였다. 기존의 SLM 기법은 IFFT단에 들어가는 OFDM 심벌을 여러 개의 스크램블 코드에 의해 랜덤화 시켜 PAPR 중 작은 값을 선택하여 전송한다. 그러므로 SLM 기법은 스크램블 코드만큼 부가 정보를 전송함으로 대역의 손실이 발생한다. 그러나 제안된 심벌 그룹핑 SLM 기법은 부반송파들을 M 개로 그룹화 하여 동일한 스크램블 코드를 사용함으로써 그룹화한 OFDM 심벌의 개수만큼 부가정보 데이터를 줄일 수 있고, SLM 기법에서 사용한 숫자만큼 스크램블 코드를 사용한다면 기존의 SLM 기법보다 PAPR 성능을 더 개선할수 있다. In this paper, we propose and analyze a new scheme which uses the same scramble codes to each group after symbol grouping to reduce the PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio) problem in OFDM system. The conventional SLM scheme randomizes OFDM symbols entered into IFFT block by several scramble codes and then transmits the lowest one among PAPRs. Therefore, the SLM scheme results the loss of bandwidth because of transmitting additional information as many as scramble codes. The proposed scheme can reduce the additional information as many as the number of grouped OFDM symbols by using same scramble codes after M grouping of sub-carriers. It can also improve PAPR performance more than conventional SLM scheme when we use scramble codes as same as those numbers of SLM scheme.

교통안전표지의 표준화

최창흡,박노익,박종근 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 論文集 Vol.49 No.1

Basic figures and colors of traffic safety symbols are designed with reference to the meaning of their colors and figures. For warning signs. we retained the current standard of yellow background on triangle. Regulatory signs are divided into prohibition sign and restriction sign. Both use red circle on white background on a round plate as the basic figure. However, restriction sign has oblique red line as a supplement to the basic figure. Guide signs use blue background in a rectangle with white hand. Supplemental signs use white background on a rectangle with black band. Pavement markings use solid lines and dotted lines. Solid lines indicate no trespassing across the other lines. Dotted lines allow crossing over when it is safe enough. Combination of solid line and dotted line should be interpreted as follows : if the lane is adjacent to dotted line with solid line, then the driver must follow the dotted line regulation and vice versa. No stopping and parking is allowed on the pavement markings, The color of lane line should he yellow if it means two way traffic, white if the traffic is in the same direction. Bus only lane use blue and white lines, locating blue line on the bus only lane. This paper also presents solutions to the problems inherent to the current safety symbols.

굴패각 혼용 콘크리트의 역학적 특성에 관한 연구

최익창,손지호 木浦海洋大學校 2005 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

연안지역 굴양식장에서 발생하는 굴패각을 대량으로 처리하기 위하여, 콘크리트의 잔골재 대체재료로 재활용하기 위한 방법을 개발하는 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 분쇄한 굴패각의 대체율에 따른 굳지 않은 콘크리트의 특성 및 경화한 콘크리트의 역학적 특성을 정량적으로 검토하였다. 실험결과에 따르면 대체율이 증가할수록 작업성은 저하된다. 그리고 굴패각의 혼입은 콘크리트의 압축강도 및 휨강도를 저하시키는 요인으로 작용하지는 않는다. An experimental study was carried out to investigate recycling of an oyster shell, which is disposed in open-dumped way at coastal oyster factory area. For this purpose, the characteristics of fresh concrete and hardened concrete was quantitatively investigated in terms of blending rate of the crushed oyster shell. Test results show that workability of concrete decreases with increase the blending rate of the crushed oyster shell. And it was found that blending of an oyster shell caused not to reduce the compressive strength and flexural strength.

AFRP Sheets로 보강된 철근 콘크리트 보 및 슬래브의 휨 거동에 관한 연구

최익창 木浦海洋大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The reinforced concrete beams and slabs with epoxy-bonded AFRP sheets were experimentally inverstigated. Experimental data on strength, stiffness, sreel strain, deflection and mode of failure of strengthened beams and slabs were otained, and comparisons between the different flexural reinforcing schemes reinforced concrete beams and slabs without AFRP sheets were made. The results generally indicate that the flexural strength, ductile behavior of strengthened beams and slabs increased.

강원도지역에서 발생한 발진열과 쯔쯔가무시병

민창홍,장우현,강재승,조수익,최문기,조민기,윤창순,김윤원 대한감염학회 1988 감염 Vol.20 No.2

In Korea, there has been an increasing concern on rickettsiosis as one of most prevailing acute febrile illness, since murine typhus and scrub typhus had not been reported for 2 decades until 1986 and thereafter a few studies were reported on these diseases. A microimmunofluorescence test was used to study antibodies to R. typhi and R. tsutsugamushi in urban and rural inhabitants students, and patiants suspected of leptospirosis or rickettsiosis from 1986 to 1987 in Kangwon-do Korea. 43% of inhabitatnts and 17% of students reacted to R. typhi. Only one inhabitant among inhabitants and students reacted to R. tsutsugamushi. Among 169 patients, 43(25%) reacted to R. typhi, 38(22%) to R. tsutsugamushi and 25(15%) to Leptospira interrogans. Sexual rate(male; female) in murine typhus was 1.7:1, that in scrub typhus was 1:2.2 and that in leptospirosis was 1.5;1. The age ditribution of patients with murine typhus was generally even over 20 years old. But 71% of patients with scrub typhus were over 40 years old. Scrub typhus was most prevailing in female over 40 years old. Murine typhus was relatively more prevailing in Choonchun city than rural area as compared with scrub typhus and leptospirosis. Most of scrub typhus occurred in rural area. Most of each disease occurred between September and November (murine typhus; 93%, scrub typhus; 95%, leptospirosis; 84%) with a peak in October. Scrub typhus considerably occurred not only October(58%) but also November(28%). All patients with scrub typhus were immediately diagnosed by antibody when they visited hospital. 53% of patients with murine typhus were diagnosed when they visited hospital within 7 days after onset of illness, and others were done by second sera obtained 8 days after. The patients in whom IgM was seronegative but antibodies of other class were seropsitive by 20 days after onset of illness, were 14% in murine typhus and 26% in scrub typhus. At least those patients were considered to be infected second. Murine typhus and scrub typhus were suggested to be endemic diseases in Kangwon-do as antibodies of inhabitants and characteristics of patients' sera were considered. By serologic finding of patients with scrub typhus in Kangwon-do, Gilliam was 59'% of etiologic strain of scrub typhus, Karp was 41q% and Kato was none. Most scrub typhus occurred in person to be related to agriculture, but murine typhus was not related to job and occurred more in small city than rural area. Rash was scarcely detected in murine typhus and scrub typhus, and eschar was in 50% of scrub typhus only. Serum transaminase elevated in many patients with scrub typhus and murine typhus. Leukocytosis and abnormal finding in chest X-ray were showed in some patients with scrub typhus but were scarcely in murine typhus.

마취중 체온변화에 관한 연구

손수창,이정은,김익수,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1985 충남의대잡지 Vol.12 No.2

To study the temperature change and the degree of heat loss during general anesthesia, skin temperature, tympanic temperature and rectal temperature were measured in 21 patients. Mean skin temperature was calculated from four probes situated on the lateral aspect of the mid-calf, the ventral surface of the mid-thigh, the nipple and the lateral aspect of the upper arm, using the formula of Ramanathan, and the heat loss can be calculated by Burton's formula. the result are as follows. 1. Mean skin temperature increased higher than control value at 20 minute, not significantly. thereafter remained high. 2. Tympanic temperature decreased significantly at 20 minute (p<0.005), esophageal temperature decreased at 60minute, and rectal temperature decreased at 90 minute significantly (p<0.05). 3. There was continuous loss of total body heat during general anesthesia. 4. In the recovery room, the aural temperature increased progressively.

마우스 복강 대식세포의 Prostaglandin 합성에 미치는 Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide의 영향

문창현,김지영,최소연,박정미,어수익,이수환 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1996 아주의학 Vol.1 No.1

Production of inflammatory mediators by the host in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is generally believed to be responsible for the pathogenesis of septic shock. One of the mediators associated with septic shock sequelae are arachidonic acid metabolites, including prostanoids and leukolrienes. Prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) is a rate-limiting enzyme in prostanoid synthesis of which there were very recently reported two different isotypes. Their activities and expressions are known to be regulated by different mechanisms. Also, differences in response to stimulators have been shown for the different cell types. Even in the macrophage populations, there have been reported diverse profiles of prostanoid synthesis. These discrepancies might be due to the differences in the underlying regulation mechanisms, but presently, little information is available regarding these. Thus, in order to get insights into these discrepancies, firstly, we compared the characteristics of LPS-induced prostanoid production in alveolar macrophages and mouse peritoneal macrophages and secondly, we examined whether variations of glucose concentration affect LPS-induced prostanoid synthesis and PGHS-2 activity in both cell types. Overall responses to LPS were qualitatively similar between both cell types, and LPS-induced TXB2 production was attenuated in high glucose media.

횡구속강관으로 보강된 교각의 해석적 연구

박종현,최익창,박홍용 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - Recently the occurrence of earthquakes has been increasing all over the world. Even in Korea the number of the occurrence has been rising. A bridge built before induction of an aseismatic design would damage human's lives and property if there were an earthquakes. Therefore, urgently, aseimatic retrofit should be executed to improve aseismatic capacity of existing piers. The purpose of this project is to suggest the most suitable design condition, which is through Finite Element Method and that is established by evaluation of strength and ductility of a restraining steel pipe whose height, thickness, and expansive pressure are very important variable factors when applying Expansive Concrete -Filled Cross-Restraining Steel Pipe Reinforce Method to real structure.

중이강 내시경을 사용한 외림프 누공의 진단

장철호,최창익 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.4