대전시 도시숲의 식생 및 토양특성에 관한 연구

김동일 ( Dong Il Kim ),박관수 ( Gwan Soo Park ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),김현숙 ( Hyoun Sook Kim ),이항구 ( Hang Goo Lee ),박범환 ( Beom Hwan Park ),이상진 ( Sang Jin Lee ),강길남 ( Kil Nam Kang ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study was conducted to suggest appropriate methods for management of urban forest after investigating the present condition and problems of urban forests by analyzing vegetation and soil properties in urban forests in the Daejeon. On the basis of our research, Pinus rigida dominate Gyejoksan and Bomunsan. Pinus densiflora dominate Wolpyeong park and Quercus acutissima dominate Namsun park. On the basis of our result of analysis of soil chemical properties, all investigated areas have low pHs, available phosphates and exchangeable cations. They indicate that the soil of those areas have been acidifying progressively. Soil hardness measurements were conducted to know the conditions of trampled soils and the results of them show that soil hardness in Namsun park was higher than the others. This indicates that human interference affect the health of the urban forest.

택견의 무술성과 놀이성

박범남,김상철 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1997 武道硏究所誌 Vol.8 No.2

The significance of Taekyon practice can be found as a martial art and a play. Since Taekyon has kept its distinctive pattern within the public culture under the circumstantial background of Korea, it is experiencing difficulties in finding its place between the aspects of the martial art and the aspects of play, that is to say, its value position at the present time of the dominantly pervaded cognitional scheme of the foreign martial arts. Accordingly, seen from the foreign martial art's point of view, a question can arise: Is Taekyon a martial art or play at all? Taekyon is generally recognized as a martial art because the qualificational evaluators for Intangible Cultural Property percieved Taekyon's martial aspects only and reconstructed the actually founded techniques of Taekyon with the foreign scheme of the martial art. On the contrary, more scholars with attainments of the martial art asserts that Taekyon is a kind of folk game in regard of its competitional aspects. However, the fact both of them missed is that Taekyon in its substance has not been slanted during the development but possesses facets of the martial art and the play simultaneously. The playsome properties of Taekyon can reach out of the rule of competition to be reinstated to the martial art and the martial feature can directly turn to play with a given rule. The both-sightedness is not unique to Taekyon but common to most of the martial art items that are enrolled in the boundary of competitional games. The martial arts had its traces of man-killing technique to be modernized but during the process, a new direction has been pursuited while succeeding their nature. Since the purpose changed, measures also altered. Accordingly, in seeing or defining a martial art, we have to admit the change of value accured from understanding modern martial with traditional point of view. The changes in disciplinary purposes subject to the shifts of time bear out different values and when the change is appropriately accepted and adapted to the substance of the martial advancedly, the distinctiveness of Taekyon as a traditional martial art will be fully developed and succeeded.

국내 의료기관의 항생제 사용 실태와 규제 시스템 조사

방지환,송경호,박완범,김성한,조재현,김홍빈,김남중,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

목적 : 이전 연구들에 따르면 아직까지 국내에서 불필요한 항생제 사용은 무시할 수 없는 수준이며, 특히, 수술환자들에 대한 예방적 항생제 투여가 문제로 지적되고 있다. 많은 병원에서 불필요한 항생제 처방을 제한하려는 노력을 하고 있지만 구체적인 현황에 대한 자료는 적은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구자 등은 국내 의료기관의 항생제 규제 시스템의 현황과 수술시 예방적 항생제 사용의 적정성을 알아보고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 전임 감염내과 전문의가 근무하는 의료기관 55곳에 대해 설문조사를 시행하였다. 설문의 내용은 적정한 항생제 사용을 유도하기 위한 정책 및 규제 프로그램, 실제 각 의료기관의 예방적 항생제 사용 현황 등으로 이루어져 있다. 결과 : 55개의 의료기관에 보낸 설문 중 44개가 회수되었다. 회신한 의료기관에서 항생제 처방 관리는 제한항생제 시스템을 가장 많이 이용하고 있었고(95.5%), 항생제에 대한 교육(79.5%), 전산시스템에서 관리(59.1%), 감염내과에 의뢰(54.5%), 항생제 사용 실적 검토(52.3%) 등의 순이었다. 대개의 병원에서 glycopeptides (100.0%), carbapenems (93.0%), quinupristin/dalfopristin 또는 linezolid(93.0%), 4세대 cephalosporin (74.4%), caspofungin 또는 voriconazole (62.8%), liposomal amphotericin B (60.5%) 등을 제한항생제로 분류하여 관리하고 있었다. 모든 의료기관에서 위절제술 및 유방절제술시에 불필요하게 예방적 항생제를 사용하고 있었다. 슬관절치환술의 경우 2세대 cephalosporin을 예방적으로 사용하는 경우가 가장 많았으며(30.2%), 관상동맥우회술의 경우 3세대 cephalosporin을 예방적으로 사용하는 경우가 가장 많았다(47.2%). 예방적 항생제의 투여 기간을 살펴보면 위절제술시 70.5%에서 4일을 초과하여 사용하고 있었고, 유방절제술시에는 63.6%에서, 슬관절치환술시에는 81.8%에서, 관동맥우회술시에는 81.1%에서 4일을 초과하여 장기간 예방적 항생제를 투여하고 있었다. 한편, 예방적 항생제 투여시 aminoglycoside계 항생제를 병용하는 경우도 많았다. 결론 : 아직까지 국내 의료기관에서 항생제 오남용을 막기 위한 노력이 더 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 특히 수술시 예방적 항생제의 올바른 투여에 많은 관심이 필요하다. Background : Previous studies in Korea showed that unnecessary antibiotic use could not be neglected, especially in prophylactic use. Currently many hospitals employ diverse antibiotic stewardship programs, but there are few studies on surveillance of such programs. So, we planned this study to evaluate current status of antimicrobial stewardship and adequacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. Materials and Methods : We sent questionnaires about policy on antibiotic usage, control program for adequate antibiotic prescription, and actual status of prophylactic antibiotic usage to 55 infectious disease physicians in each hospital. Results : Of 55 contacted infectious diseases clinicians, 44 answered the questionnaire. Majority of hospitals employed restricted antimicrobial system (95.5%), education (79.5%), control by order communicating system (59.1%), consult to infectious disease physicians (59.1%), and review of cumulative antimicrobial usage (52.3%) to prevent inadequate antibiotic use. Glycopeptides were designated as a restricted antimicrobial agent in 100.0% of hospitals; carbapenems, 93.0%; quinupristin/ dalfopristin or linezolid, 93.0%; the 4th generation cephalosporins, 74.4%; caspofungin or voriconazole, 62.8%; liposomal amphotericin B, 60.5%, and so on. Unnecessary perioperative prophylactic antimicrobial agents were prescribed in gastrectomy and mastectomy in all the hospitals. The second generation cephalosporins and the third generation cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed prophylactic antimicrobial agents in total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) respectively. In 70.5% of institutes they use prophylactic antimicrobial agents more than four days in gastrectomy; 63.6% in mastectomy; 81.8% in TKRA; 81.1% in CABG. Unnecessary combination of aminoglycosides with other antimicrobial agents for prophylactic use was another common problem. Conclusion : This study shows that more effort is required to diminish antimicrobial misuse or overuse, especially in prophylactic use for surgical patients.

골수구성 백혈병 환자에게 발생한 결핵성 림프절염

이창섭,송진수,최평균,조재현,방지환,박경화,박완범,김홍빈,김남중,윤성수,박선양,김병국,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

혈액질환 가운데 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 알려진 것은 호지킨 림프종을 포함한 림프증식성질환 그리고 모양세포성 백혈병 등이 있다. 또한 동종 골수이식을 받은 환자에서도 결핵은 증가한다고 알려져있다. Kaplan 등은 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 보고하였다. 그러나 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵의 발생이 증가하는 이유에 대해서는 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 저자들이 2년 동안 후향적으로 조사한 180명의 성인 골수구성 백혈병 환자들 가운데 결핵이 발생한 환자는 4명이었고, 발생 부위는 모두 림프절이었다. 결핵은 골수구성 백혈병의 특정 아형에만 국한되어 발생하지 않았지만, 50%에서 FAB 분류에 의한 M4였다. 림프절이 종대된 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 특히, 결핵의 유병율이 높은 나라에서는 결핵성 림프절염도 감별진단에 포함시켜야 한다. During the neutropenic phase, leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy are prone to bacterial and, fungal infections; occasionally mycobacterial, viral and protozoal organisms may also cause infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was reported very rarely in these patients. This report describes four patients with M. tuberculosis infection identified from 185 adult patients who were diagnosed myelogenous leukemia between January 2003, and December 2004. There was no patient with M. tuberculosis infection from 44 lymphoid leukemia and 11 acute biphenotypic leukemia patients. Sites of infection were all lymph nodes. Three among four patients were presented with lymphadenopathy at initial diagnosis of leukemia, and the other one presented with lymphadenopathy after induction chemotherapy. There was no patient presented with lymphadenopathy during the neutropenic phase. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was presented in a patient with three acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB class 2 M4, 1 M2) and a chronic myelogenous leukemia, accelerated phase. An acute myelogenous leukemia patient had a leukemic cell and tubercle bacilli in the same lymph node. Tuberculosis should also be included as a differential diagnosis in myelogenous leukemia patient with lymphadenopathy, especially in the countries in which the disease is endemic.

Changes in Anxiety Level and Personal Protective Equipment Use Among Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19

Park Do Hyeon,Lee Eunyoung,Jung Jongtak,Kang Chang Kyung,Song Kyoung-Ho,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Park Wan Beom,Bang Ji Hwan,Kim Eu Suk,Kim Hong Bin,Park Sang-Won,Kim Nam Joong,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.16

Background: The relationship between changes in anxiety levels and personal protective equipment (PPE) use is yet to be evaluated. The present study assessed this relationship among healthcare workers (HCWs) involved in the care of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: An online survey was conducted in a municipal hospital with 195 nationally designated negative pressure isolation units in Korea. Anxiety level was measured using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and changes in anxiety levels were assessed based on the time when COVID-19 vaccine was introduced in March 2021 in Korea. Monthly PPE usage between June 2020 and May 2021 was investigated. Results: The mean SAS score (33.25 ± 5.97) was within normal range and was lower than those reported in previous studies conducted before COVID-19 vaccination became available. Among the 93 HCWs who participated, 64 (68.8%) answered that their fear of contracting COVID-19 decreased after vaccination. The number of coveralls used per patient decreased from 33.6 to 0. However, a demand for more PPE than necessary was observed in situations where HCWs were exposed to body fluids and secretions (n = 38, 40.9%). Excessive demand for PPE was not related to age, working experience, or SAS score. Conclusion: Anxiety in HCWs exposed to COVID-19 was lower than it was during the early period of the pandemic, and the period before vaccination was introduced. The number of coveralls used per patient also decreased although an excessive demand for PPE was observed.

Free Amino Acids, Collagen Solubility, and Meat Quality in Pork (Longissimus Muscle of Yorkshire) as a Function of Chiller Temperature and Aging

Beom-Young Park,Kyoung-Mi Park,Jin-Hyung Kim,Soo-Hyun Cho,Nam-Kuk Kim,Min-Jin Song,Chang-Soo Lee,In-Kyung Cho,Ho-Sung Choe,Kyeong-Seon Ryu,In-Ho Hwang 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.1

This study was conducted to identify the effect of chilling temperature (-3 and 6℃) and aging (1- and 7-day) on objective meat quality, collagen solubility, and free amino acids in pork (longissimus muscle of Yorkshire). Warner-Bratzler (WB)-shear force indicated that variation in chilling temperature had no detectable effect on meat tenderness and tenderization during the 7-day aging period. Among the 13 detected free amino acids, only 3 amino acids (histidine, valine, leucine) were significantly affected by the temperature treatment (p<0.05). Collagen solubility was significantly increased at 6℃ treatment (p<0.05). There was a significant linear relationship (r=0.67, p<0.05) between changes in free amino acids and WB-shear force during the 7-day aging period. These results confirmed that chilling conditions had significantly affected collagen solubility, and meat tenderization occurred in direct proportion to an increase in free amino acids.

Effectiveness of increasing the frequency of posaconazole syrup administration to achieve optimal plasma concentrations in patients with haematological malignancy

Park, Wan Beom,Cho, Joo-Youn,Park, Sang-In,Kim, Eun Jung,Yoon, Seonghae,Yoon, Seo Hyun,Lee, Jeong-Ok,Koh, Youngil,Song, Kyoung-Ho,Choe, Pyoeng Gyun,Yu, Kyung-Sang,Kim, Eu suk,Bang, Su Mi,Kim, Nam Joon Elsevier 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Vol.48 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Few data are available on whether adjusting the dose of posaconazole syrup is effective in patients receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy. The aim of this prospective study was to analyse the impact of increasing the frequency of posaconazole administration on optimal plasma concentrations in adult patients with haematological malignancy. A total of 133 adult patients receiving chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome who received posaconazole syrup 200 mg three times daily for fungal prophylaxis were enrolled in this study. Drug trough levels were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In 20.2% of patients (23/114) the steady-state concentration of posaconazole was suboptimal (<500 ng/mL) on Day 8. In these patients, the frequency of posaconazole administration was increased to 200 mg four times daily. On Day 15, the median posaconazole concentration was significantly increased from 368 ng/mL [interquartile range (IQR), 247–403 ng/mL] to 548 ng/mL (IQR, 424–887 ng/mL) (<I>P</I> = 0.0003). The median increase in posaconazole concentration was 251 ng/mL (IQR, 93–517 ng/mL). Among the patients with initially suboptimal levels, 79% achieved the optimal level unless the steady-state level was <200 ng/mL. This study shows that increasing the administration frequency of posaconazole syrup is effective for achieving optimal levels in patients with haematological malignancy undergoing chemotherapy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Increasing the frequency of posaconazole syrup is effective for adjusting drug levels. </LI> <LI> Optimal drug levels are not achieved when steady-state level is <200 ng/mL. </LI> <LI> In only 5.3% (6/114), drug levels remained suboptimal despite dose adjustment. </LI> </UL> </P>

Stable and high emission current from carbon nanotube paste with spin on glass

Park, Jae-Hong,Moon, Jin-San,Han, Jae-Hee,Berdinsky, Alexander S.,Yoo, Ji-Beom,Park, Chong-Yun,Nam, Joong-Woo,Park, Jonghwan,Lee, Chun Gyoo,Choe, Deok Hyeon American Vacuum Society 2005 JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B - Vol.23 No.2

Effects of Various Physicochemical Treatments on Volatiles and Sensory Characteristics of Irradiated Beef Bulgogi

Park, Jin-Gyu,Park, Jae-Nam,Han, In-Jun,Song, Beom-Seok,Kim, Jae-Hun,Yoon, Yo-Han,Byun, Myung-Woo,Park, Kyung-Sook,Lee, Ju-Woon Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Off-flavor and lipid oxidation are possible defects of irradiated bulgogi. This study compared the effects of several physicochemical treatments on microbial safety, volatiles, lipid oxidation, and sensory properties of irradiated beef bulgogi. Samples were separately irradiated with 20 kGy after each treatment such as packaging (aerobic and vacuum), antioxidants (vitamin C + ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (0.0 and 1.0%, w/w)), charcoal teabags (0 and 0.5%), or different temperatures (room temperature, -20, and -70$^{\circ}C$). No bacterial growth was observed (p<0.05) after irradiation of more than 20 kGy during storage at $35^{\circ}C$. Volatiles created by irradiating bulgogi were toluene, heptane, and 1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)benzene. Irradiation offflavor, lipid oxidation, and deterioration of sensory quality induced by irradiation were effectively reduced (p<0.05) by all physico-chemical treatments tested.

Simple approach for the fabrication of carbon nanotube field emitter using conducting paste

Park, Jae Hong,Choi, Jong Hyung,Moon, Jin-San,Kushinov, D.G.,Yoo, Ji-Beom,Park, Chong Yun,Nam, Joong-Woo,Lee, Chun Kyu,Park, Jong Hwan,Choe, D.H Elsevier 2005 Carbon Vol.43 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A conducting layer using carbon nanotube (CNT) paste was prepared by mixing multi-walled CNT (MWNT), organic vehicles and spin on glass (SOG). The effect of SOG on the properties of the CNT paste was evaluated and compared to that of CNT paste with a glass frit. CNT powders were coated on the conducting CNT film either by sprinkling CNT powders onto the overall conducting layer area or by dropping a solution containing well dispersed CNTs. CNTs were strongly fixed by the formation of silica after heat treatment. The samples showed good field emission characteristics with turn-on electric fields of approximately 1.6∼2.2V/μm. SOG was found to be an efficient inorganic binder for CNTs in the CNT paste.</P>