Effects of Combination Treatment of Intravesical Resiniferatoxin Instillation and Hydrodistention in Patients with Refractory Painful Bladder Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study

함병국,배재현,김재헌,오미미,이정구 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2012 International Neurourology Journal Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC) is a disabling disease of the urinary bladder, and its etiology and treatment are not yet established. Current medications used in the treatment of PBS/IC have shown limited efficacy. This prospective study investigated the efficacy of intravesical resiniferatoxin (RTX) in PBS/IC refractory to medical treatment. Methods: Patients with proven PBS/IC refractory to traditional medical treatment were enrolled. By randomized trial, a total of 18 consecutive patients were divided into two groups: treatment with hydrodistention and intravesical RTX (group 1) or treatment with hydrodistension only (group 2). We assessed bladder pain by use of a visual analogue pain scale, the maximal urine flow rate, post-void residual urine volume , and a voiding diary before and 3 months after treatment. Results: The median age of the 18 patients was 55.8±6.9 years, and the median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 3.6±1.6 years. Frequency, functional bladder capacity, and score on a 5-point pain scale were significantly improved at 3-month after treatment in both groups. Intravesical RTX instillation plus hydrodistention, compared with hydrodistention only, did not have a significant effect on the voiding symptoms or uroflowmetry of the patients but significantly improved scores on the pain scale. Conclusions: Intravesical RTX instillation plus hydrodistention was effective in relieving pain but was not effective in improving lower urinary tract symptoms. Further larger studies are needed to clarify the efficacy of combination treatment of intravesical RTX instillation and hydrodistention.

결핵성 림프절염 및 척추결핵과 동반된 비뇨생식기 결핵

함병국,노태일,편종현,신수환,심지성,배재현 대한요로생식기감염학회 2012 Urogenital Tract Infection Vol.7 No.2

When the infection occurs in other parts of the body it is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. About 15% of tuberculosis cases are extrapulmonary. Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most commonly occurring form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and skeletal tuberculosis most often involves the spine, followed by tuberculous arthritis in weight-bearing joints and extraspinal tuberculous osteomyelitis. Genitourinary tuberculosis contributes to 10-20% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A 59 year old woman was admitted with lower back pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. A CT scan showed focal enhancing wall thickening in the left proximal ureter with left hydronephrosis and multiple enlarged lymph nodes. The Radiologic and pathologic diagnosis revealed genitourinary tuberculosis with the other extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

The Impact of Renal Tumor Size on the Efficacy of Laparoscopic Renal Cryoablation

함병국,강성구,최훈,고영휘,강석호,천준 대한비뇨의학회 2010 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.51 No.3

Purpose: We evaluated the impact of renal tumor size on the oncologic and surgical efficacy of laparoscopic renal cryosurgery (LRC) according to our intermediate-term experience in Korea. Materials and Methods: From June 2005 to October 2008, we enrolled 37 patients who underwent LRC for 40 renal tumors. Patients were stratified into four groups according to renal tumor size. Patients who presented with a maximum tumor diameter (MTD) of at least 1 cm but less than 2 cm were assigned to Group 1, those with an MTD equal to or greater than 2 but less than 3 cm were assigned to Group 2, those with an MTD equal to or greater than 3 but less than 4 cm were assigned to Group 3, and those with an MTD equal to or greater than 4 cm were assigned to Group 4. Oncologic and clinical outcomes in each group were compared. Results: The four groups showed no statistically significant differences in preoperative variables, including age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, baseline renal function and hemoglobin, and length of hospital stay. Regarding surgical aspects, however, operation time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative complications were significantly increased in patients with larger tumors. Three patients in Group 3 required postoperative transfusions, and 1 patient in Group 4 required conversion to open renal cryosurgery. During the mean follow-up period of 31.6 months, radiologic evidence of tumor recurrence was found in only 2 patients in Group 4. Conclusions: In this series, LRC for renal tumors smaller than 3 cm was conducted safely without radiologic evidence of tumor recurrence during intermediate-term follow-up. For tumors larger than 3 cm, however, the transfusion rate increased, and for renal tumors larger than 4 cm, the tumor recurrence rate increased significantly. Purpose: We evaluated the impact of renal tumor size on the oncologic and surgical efficacy of laparoscopic renal cryosurgery (LRC) according to our intermediate-term experience in Korea. Materials and Methods: From June 2005 to October 2008, we enrolled 37 patients who underwent LRC for 40 renal tumors. Patients were stratified into four groups according to renal tumor size. Patients who presented with a maximum tumor diameter (MTD) of at least 1 cm but less than 2 cm were assigned to Group 1, those with an MTD equal to or greater than 2 but less than 3 cm were assigned to Group 2, those with an MTD equal to or greater than 3 but less than 4 cm were assigned to Group 3, and those with an MTD equal to or greater than 4 cm were assigned to Group 4. Oncologic and clinical outcomes in each group were compared. Results: The four groups showed no statistically significant differences in preoperative variables, including age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, baseline renal function and hemoglobin, and length of hospital stay. Regarding surgical aspects, however, operation time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative complications were significantly increased in patients with larger tumors. Three patients in Group 3 required postoperative transfusions, and 1 patient in Group 4 required conversion to open renal cryosurgery. During the mean follow-up period of 31.6 months, radiologic evidence of tumor recurrence was found in only 2 patients in Group 4. Conclusions: In this series, LRC for renal tumors smaller than 3 cm was conducted safely without radiologic evidence of tumor recurrence during intermediate-term follow-up. For tumors larger than 3 cm, however, the transfusion rate increased, and for renal tumors larger than 4 cm, the tumor recurrence rate increased significantly.

페이로니병의 치료에서 Potassium Aminobenzoate의 초기 경험

함병국,문두건,박종진,노태일,김상우,박태용,안순태,오미미 대한남성과학회 2011 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the effect and improvement of potassium aminobenzoate (500 mg Peyron capsule) in oral therapy for Peyronie’s disease. Materials and Methods: From February 2011 to September 2011, 31 patients with Peyronie’s disease received potassium aminobezoate (500 mg Peyron capsules) and were divided into two groups. Group 1 (N=10) received potassium aminobezoate (500 mg Peyron capsule) 3 g four times daily without previous treatment of Peyronie’s disease, while group 2 (N=21) received the same drug with previous treatment of Peyronie’s disease (10 mg Tamoxifen+300 mg L-carnitine two times daily). Outcomes were assessed by subjective symptom change, pain relief, resolutions of the plaque, and curvature. Results: After 3 months, there were no significant improvements in clinical outcomes of either group and among all the patients, 23 stopped taking potassium aminobezoate (23/31, 74%). The reasons for ceasing the therapy were gastrointestinal trouble (8/23, 35%), too many doses to take (7/23, 30%), ineffectiveness (6/23, 26%), and high price (2/23, 9%). Conclusions: Athough the etiology of Peyronie’s disease has not been elucidated, potassium aminobenzoate in therapy of Peyronie’s disease has been used. The use of this medication has the limitations of gastrointestinal trouble, ineffectiveness, too many doses, and high price. Further evaluations of the effect and appropriate dosing of potassium aminobenzoate are needed.

An Arabidopsis Homologue of Human Seven-in-Absentia-interacting Protein Is Involved in Pathogen Resistance

김윤성,함병국,백경희,박충모,주남해 한국분자세포생물학회 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.3

Clinical Features of Mumps Orchitis in Vaccinated Postpubertal Males: A Single-Center Series of 62 Patients

태범식,함병국,김재헌,박재영,배재현 대한비뇨의학회 2012 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.53 No.12

Purpose: Although the measles-mumps-rubella vaccination covers most children against mumps in Korea, the development of mumps has been reported. However, the clinical manifestations of mumps orchitis in postpubertal vaccinated patients have never been investigated. Herein we report the clinical features of mumps orchitis in postpubertal vaccinated patients. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 62 postpubertal males who developed acute mumps orchitis from 2005 to 2010. The clinical manifestations such as the incubation period, febrile duration, and the mean duration of orchitis were retrospectively investigated. The laboratory and sonographic findings were also reviewed and compared with the features of previously reported cases of unvaccinated postpubertal mumps orchitis. Results: The mean age of the 62 patients was 17.56 years (range, 15 to 29 years). All patients were serologically confirmed with acute mumps infection (positive immunoglobulin [Ig] M and negative or positive IgG). The mean incubation period was 5.39 days (range, 0 to 23 days), with a febrile duration of 1.8 days (range, 0.5 to 3 days),and a mean duration of orchitis of 4.96 days (range, 0 to 17 days). Sonography revealed unilateral orchitis in 58 patients (93.6%) and bilateral orchitis in only 6 (6.4%). Conclusions: In our study, mumps orchitis in postpubertal vaccinated patients showed a relatively shorter febrile duration. In addition, less scrotal swelling and a lower incidence of bilaterality were found upon physical examination and ultrasonography. In the future, additional long-term follow-up is needed to determine the features of mumps orchitis in postpubertal vaccinated males, and an additional booster vaccination should be considered.

Correlation between Serum Total Testosterone and the AMS and IIEF Questionnaires in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction with Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome

강재일,함병국,오미미,김제종,문두건 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.6

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between serum total testosterone levels and scores on the Aging Male’s Symptom (AMS) scale and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) in men with erectile dysfunction with testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS). Materials and Methods: From January 2005 to July 2008, 134 patients who complained of sexual dysfunction such as erectile dysfunction or decreased libido as the main symptoms of TDS with serum total testosterone levels less than 3.5 ng/ml were evaluated by independent t-test and linear regression analysis, respectively. Patients with treated hypogonadism within 6 months, with a history of taking a PDE5 inhibitor or an antidepressant for a depressive disorder, or who had metabolic syndrome were excluded from this study. Results: The AMS scale and its 3 subdomain scores were not significantly correlated with the total testosterone level. By contrast, the total IIEF score and the score of each IIEF domain except sexual desire showed a weakly significantly positive correlation with serum total testosterone. Conclusions: In TDS patients with erectile dysfunction, there was a low relationship between serum total testosterone levels and the AMS scale and a weakly positive correlation between total testosterone levels and all IIEF domains except sexual desire. There was a low relationship between the AMS scale, the sexual desire domain score of the IIEF, and total testosterone. We should understand these limitations when evaluating patients with erectile dysfunction with TDS. New scales should be developed for the evaluation of erectile dysfunction in these patients. Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between serum total testosterone levels and scores on the Aging Male’s Symptom (AMS) scale and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) in men with erectile dysfunction with testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS). Materials and Methods: From January 2005 to July 2008, 134 patients who complained of sexual dysfunction such as erectile dysfunction or decreased libido as the main symptoms of TDS with serum total testosterone levels less than 3.5 ng/ml were evaluated by independent t-test and linear regression analysis, respectively. Patients with treated hypogonadism within 6 months, with a history of taking a PDE5 inhibitor or an antidepressant for a depressive disorder, or who had metabolic syndrome were excluded from this study. Results: The AMS scale and its 3 subdomain scores were not significantly correlated with the total testosterone level. By contrast, the total IIEF score and the score of each IIEF domain except sexual desire showed a weakly significantly positive correlation with serum total testosterone. Conclusions: In TDS patients with erectile dysfunction, there was a low relationship between serum total testosterone levels and the AMS scale and a weakly positive correlation between total testosterone levels and all IIEF domains except sexual desire. There was a low relationship between the AMS scale, the sexual desire domain score of the IIEF, and total testosterone. We should understand these limitations when evaluating patients with erectile dysfunction with TDS. New scales should be developed for the evaluation of erectile dysfunction in these patients.

Effect of Testosterone Replacement Treatment in Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

정승민,함병국,박민구,오미미,윤덕기,김제종,문두건 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.8

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) in testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) patients with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the data of 200 men who were diagnosed with TDS and were undergoing TRT between August 2006 and August 2009. The 200 patients were divided into two groups (group 1: 71 patients with metabolic syndrome, group 2: 129 patients without metabolic syndrome) depending on metabolic syndrome, which was diagnosed according to the NCEP III criteria for Asians. Age, BMI (body mass index), waist circumference, serologic tests, AMS (the Aging Males' Symptoms scale), and IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) were measured. Results: In group 1, waist circumference and fasting glucose were significantly decreased; hemoglobin and total testosterone were increased; and the somatovegetative scale score of the AMS, the total AMS score, the erectile function score of the IIEF, the overall satisfaction score of the IIEF, and the total IIEF score were significantly improved after TRT. On the other hand, in group 2, waist circumference, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL, and fasting glucose were significantly decreased; hemoglobin and total testosterone were increased; and the 2 subscale scores of the AMS (psychologic and somatovegetative), the total AMS score, all subscale scores of the IIEF, and the total IIEF score were significantly improved after TRT. Conclusions: Overall, the patients who had TDS with metabolic syndrome showed less improvement in AMS, IIEF, and serum variables. Therefore, the correction of metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, should be considered during TRT. Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) in testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) patients with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the data of 200 men who were diagnosed with TDS and were undergoing TRT between August 2006 and August 2009. The 200 patients were divided into two groups (group 1: 71 patients with metabolic syndrome, group 2: 129 patients without metabolic syndrome) depending on metabolic syndrome, which was diagnosed according to the NCEP III criteria for Asians. Age, BMI (body mass index), waist circumference, serologic tests, AMS (the Aging Males' Symptoms scale), and IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) were measured. Results: In group 1, waist circumference and fasting glucose were significantly decreased; hemoglobin and total testosterone were increased; and the somatovegetative scale score of the AMS, the total AMS score, the erectile function score of the IIEF, the overall satisfaction score of the IIEF, and the total IIEF score were significantly improved after TRT. On the other hand, in group 2, waist circumference, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL, and fasting glucose were significantly decreased; hemoglobin and total testosterone were increased; and the 2 subscale scores of the AMS (psychologic and somatovegetative), the total AMS score, all subscale scores of the IIEF, and the total IIEF score were significantly improved after TRT. Conclusions: Overall, the patients who had TDS with metabolic syndrome showed less improvement in AMS, IIEF, and serum variables. Therefore, the correction of metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, should be considered during TRT.

벼줄무늬잎마름병 바이러스(RSV)에 대한 애멸구 매개충의 생물적 특성 및 RT-PCR을 이용한 검정법

이민호,박진우,함병국,김기정,김홍선,엄기백 한국응용곤충학회 2004 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.1

Retraction Note: Nicotiana tabacum Tsip1-Interacting Ferredoxin 1 Affects Biotic and Abiotic Stress Resistance

허성운,이인주,함병국,백경희 한국분자세포생물학회 2013 Molecules and cells Vol.35 No.2

Tsip1, a Zn finger protein that was isolated as a direct interactor with tobacco stress-induced 1 (Tsi1), plays an important role in both biotic and abiotic stress signaling. To further understand Tsip1 function, we searched for more Tsip1-interacting proteins by yeast two-hybrid screening using a tobacco cDNA library. Screening identified a new Tsip1-interacting protein, Nicotiana tabacum Tsip1-interacting ferredoxin 1 (NtTfd1), and binding specificity was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. The four repeats of a cysteine-rich motif (CXXCXGXG) of Tsip1 proved important for binding to NtTfd1. Virus-induced gene silencing of NtTfd1, Tsip1, and NtTfd1/Tsip1 rendered plants more susceptible to salinity stress compared with TRV2 control plants. NtTfd1- and Tsip1-silenced tobacco plants were more susceptible to infection by Cucumber mosaic virus compared with control plants. These results suggest that NtTfd1 might be involved in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in chloroplasts by interaction with Tsip1.