일본 학술논문 서론의 문말표현 사용 양상‒서론의 구성요소별 특징을 중심으로‒

임정아 한국일본근대학회 2022 일본근대학연구 Vol.- No.75

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics, usage patterns, and features of sentence-ending expressions in different components of the introduction of Japanese articles. 100 articles, which recently submitted to the journal “Studies in Japanese Language” published by the Japanese Linguistic Society of Japan, are targeted for analysis. The classification of the components of the introduction was based on JeongA Lim(2020) and reclassified them into eight major components according to the contents of the introduction. After the classification, It is considered what the characteristic of the types of sentence-ending expressions used in each component, as well as the usage patterns and tendencies of each type of sentence-ending expression are. Main results of the analysis are as follows. ‘nonたseries’ was used more often than “たseries” in Japanese introductions, and The imperfect form of the verb were used most frequently among the detail categories. In the case of components that had the character of announcing the content of the body of the paper(presentation of the purpose of the research, explanation of the research method, and presentation of the structure of the paper), the majority used The imperfect form of the verb. It was also found that other elements of the same auxiliary verb were used differently depending on the constituent. For example, for ‘presentation of the research theme’, ‘れる・られる’ was used most frequently, for ‘the opinion of the author of the paper’, ‘The negative form of the verb + not’, for ‘presentation of the purpose of the research’, ‘たい’, and for ‘the significance of the paper’ , ‘う(だろう・よう)’was used most frequently. These results show that there are differences in the usage patterns and vocabulary of sentence-ending expressions depending on the content and function of the sentence. 본 연구는 일본 논문 서론의 구성요소별 문말 표현의 특징 및 사용 양상 및 특징에 대해 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 분석 대상으로는 일본어 학회가 발행하고 있는 학술지 ‘日本語の研究’에서 최근 투고된 100편의 논문을 추출하고, 분석 대상으로 하였다. 서론의 구성요소의 분류는 임정아(2020)을 참고하여 서론을 내용에 따라 크게 8가지 구성요소로 분류하였다. 분류 후, 각 구성요소에 어떠한 문말 표현이 사용되는지, 문말 표현의 종류와 각 문말 표현의 사용 양상 및 경향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 분석 결과, 일본 서론에는 た계열보단 비た계열이 많이 사용되었으며, 세부 분류 중에서는 동사의 종지형이 가장 많이 사용되었다. 또한, 논문의 본문 내용을 예고하는 성격을 가진 구성요소(연구 목적 제시, 연구 방법 설명, 논문 구성 제시)의 경우, 과반수가 동사의 종지형을 사용하고 있었다. 그 밖에도 같은 조동사여도 구성요소에 따라 사용 양상이 달라지는데, ‘연구 주제 제시’는 ‘れる・られる’가, ‘논문 필자의 의견’은 ‘동사의 미연형+ない’가, ‘연구 목적 제시’는 ‘たい’, ‘논문의 의의’는 ‘う(だろう, よう)가 가장 많이 사용되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 문장의 내용과 기능에 따라 문말 표현의 사용 양상과 어휘에 차이가 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다.

日本学術論文の序論に見られる文末表現 - 意味機能の観点から -

임정아 일본어문학회 2022 일본어문학 Vol.96 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to classify sentence ending found in the introductions of Japanese academic articles according to their semantic functions, and to clarify the usage aspects and morphological characteristics of each classification of sentence endings. 100 articles, which recently submitted to the journal “Studies in Japanese Language” published by the Japanese Linguistic Society of Japan, are targeted for analysis. The classification by semantic function was based on Maynard and Izumiko(1997). Main results of the analysis are as follows : The expressions used at the end of sentences were classified into seven major categories. As a result, Sentence endings conveying events are most commonly used in Japanese introductions. and the use of “teiru” and “dearu” stood out. In addition, there were differences in the use of “da” and “dearu” depending on the sentence endings. When asserting the author’s opinion in the article, the use of spontaneous verbs such as “omowareru” and “kanngaerareru” and conjugated passive verbs tended to make the author’s own opinion more objective and justified. Through these results, it was confirmed that the tendency of the form and words of sentence endings changes. 本研究は日本の論文の序論に見られる文末表現を意味機能の観点で分類し、分類ごとの使用様相及び形態の特徴について明らかにすることを目標とする。分析対象としては日本語学会が発行している学術誌「日本語の研究」から最近投稿された100本の論文を抽出し、分析対象とした。意味機能による分類は泉子․メイナ-ド(1997)を参考にし、文末に用いられる表現を大きく7つに分類枠を作って分類した。その後、各分類でどのような文末形式が使用されたか、主にどのような内容に用いられるのか、その傾向について考察を行った。 分析の結果、日本の序論には事象を伝達する文末表現が最も多く使われ、その中でもパーフェクト相の「ている」と「である」の使用が目立って表れた。また、文末表現によって「だ」と「である」の使用様相が違うなど、違いが見られた。論文の筆者の意見を伝える際は「思われる」や「考えられる」のような自発動詞や使役受動動詞を用いることで筆者自身の意見をより客観化し、正當化する傾向が見られた。

White Fluorescence from Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Wrapping Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles

임정아 한국고분자학회 2014 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.10

Split-Second Nanostructure Control of Functional Nanocomposites via Intensely Pulsed White-Light for Highly Efficient Production of Flexible Energy Devices

임정아,송용원,홍재민,최원국 한국고분자학회 2014 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.4

독거노인에 대한 원예치료프로그램 선호도 조사

임정아,박유진,이경민,제의숙 인간식물환경학회 2024 인간식물환경학회 학술대회 Vol.2024 No.6

부모양육태도가 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향 - 공격성과 충동성의 매개효과 -

임정아,김명식 한국디지털정책학회 2018 디지털융복합연구 Vol.16 No.3

다문화사회와 밀(J. S. Mill)의 여성주의 : 『여성의 종속』을 중심으로

임정아 한국동서철학회 2012 동서철학연구 Vol.66 No.-

오랜 기간 동안 단일민족국가였던 우리나라 역시 자본과 노동의 자유로운 이동을 통해 다인종, 다문화사회로 변해가고 있다. 문화적 다원주의라는 문제는 이론의 문제가 아니라 현실의 문제로 우리에게 주어진다. 다른 한편 다문화주의가 가정하고 있는 민족이나 집단 문화의 고유성과 권리 주장은 여성주의와 충돌을 일으킨다. 연구자는 특히 여성의 문제에 대한 관점이 중요하다고 생각한다. 왜냐하면 소수집단의 권리 보장을 주장하는 다문화주의가 그 안에서 또 다른 소외 집단을 만들 수 있는 현실을 대표하는 것이 바로 가부장적 다문화집단에서 여성(혹은 어린아이)이 겪는 문제이기 때문이다. 한국적 다문화주의를 고민하는 김비환의 글은 자유주의적 입장과 공화주의적 입장을 비교 검토하여 참여의 원리에 근거하고 사회통합에 유리한 공화주의적 시민권의 적용을 한국적 다문화의 대안으로 주장한다. 그러나 그는 다문화사회에서 주어진 문제에 대한 상황 분석을 통해 근본적으로 해결해야 할 과제를 제시하지 못하고, 그에 대한 대안을 주체의 관점에서 제시하지도 못한다. 연구자는 밀의 『여성의 종속』이 밀 당시의 사회에서 여성이 처한 문제에 대한 지적과 대안이 되는 것뿐 아니라, 현재 우리 사회에도 적용 가능한 관점을 제시해준다고 생각한다. 이것은 단지 불공정한 법에 의해 자행되는 성적 혹은 소수 집단에 대한 자율권 침해만이 아니라 그러한 불공정한 처우에 관한 모든 상황에 적용가능하기 때문이다. 따라서 연구자는 밀의『여성의 종속』을 중심으로 그가 여성 해방을 주장하기 위하여 사용한 "독재"와 "국가" 유비 논증에 초점을 두어 두 가지 주장을 할 것이다. 첫째, 밀의 ‘독재’와 다문화사회는 피지배자가 자율성을 빼앗겼다는 점에서 유사하기 때문에, 피지배자의 ‘자율성’ 개발은 중요한 과제가 된다는 것이다. 둘째, 자율성을 개발하는 과정에서, 즉 자율적으로 이성을 사용하는 과정에서 소수와 다수 사이의 ‘상호성’을 통한 우정과 책임이 길러질 것이고 이것은 현 다문화사회가 갖는 문제를 해결하는 대안이 된다는 것이다. This paper aims to seek for a answer to the problem of Korean multiculturalism through evaluating a claim argued by Biwhan Kim, and to show that Mill's feminism in The Subjection of Women could be the answer of the problem. After introducing theories on multicuturalism Kim suggested that republican citizenship could be the answer for Korean multicultural society even though Korea has different culture from westem society which premises autonomy, because republican citizenship grounds on political participation and has benefits on social integration. His diagnosis of deficiency of autonomy in Korea drives him to fail to suggest an successful answer. When Mill argues for women's liberation in The Subjection of Women, he uses the analogy between despotism and republic for justifying the necessity of autonomy and suggesting ideal of republic as a form of friendship. Being deprived one's autonomy, the mionority in multicultural society could seek for the solution in Mill's feminism which consists of autonomy and friendship. By focusing attention on analogy of despotism and republic, I develop two arguments. Firstly, with identifying the similarities between the govemed people in despotism and minority in multicultural society in the light of being deprived one's autonomy, I claim that it should be the answer to the people who live in despotism or despotic mulicuturalism that autonomy should be developed. Secondly, I argue that in the course of developing one's autonomy as if one lives in a republic, friendship between a wife and a husband, of majority and minority would be built, equality would be formed, and a responsibility which people have as a member of a republic would be distributed by interaction each other through using one's reason and autonomy.

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in Korea: Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcome

임정아,이순태,정근화,김소연,신정원,문장섭,변정익,김태준,신용원,이건주,김영수,박경일,이상건,주건 대한신경과학회 2014 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.10 No.2

Background and Purpose Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitisis the most common type of autoimmune synaptic encephalitis and it often responds to treatment. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Korea. Methods Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with encephalitis of undetermined cause were screened for anti-NMDAR antibodies using a cell-basedindirect immunofluorescence assay. The patients came from 41 university hospitals. Results Of the 721 patients screened, 40 were identified with anti-NMDAR antibodies andclinical details of 32 patients were obtained (median age, 41.5 years; 15 females). Twenty-twopatients (68.8%) presented with psychiatric symptoms, 16 (50%) with seizures, 13 (40.6%)with movement disorders, 15 (46.9%) with dysautonomia, 11 (34.4%) with memory disturbance, and 11 (34.4%) with speech disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and CSF examinations yielded nonspecific findings. Tumor information was onlyavailable for 22 patients: 5 patients had tumors, and 2 of these patients had ovarian teratomas. Twenty-two patients received immunotherapy and/or surgery, and therapeutic responses wereanalyzed in 21 patients, of which 14 (66.7%) achieved favorable functional outcomes (score onthe modified Rankin Scale of 0–2). Conclusions This study investigated the clinical characteristics of adult anti-NMDAR encephalitis in Korea. Currently, elderly patients who do not have tumors are commonly diagnosed with this condition. Understanding the detailed clinical characteristics of this disease willimprove the early detection of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in patients both young and old.

항-N-methyl-D-aspartate수용체 항체 양성인 엡스타인-바바이러스뇌간뇌염

임정아,변정익,이순태,정근화,김영수,김정민,이상건,주건 대한신경과학회 2013 대한신경과학회지 Vol.31 No.3

The neurological manifestations caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) occur only rarely in association with its primary infection or reactivation. The mechanism by which EBV produces neurological disease is unknown. This article describes two cases of polymerase-chain-reaction-proven EBV brainstem encephalitis. The sera of both patients contained autoantibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), suggesting the presence of a secondary immunological mechanism. Prospective studies are needed to reveal whether the subgroup of patients with EBV encephalitis and anti-NMDAR antibodies have different clinical presentations and would benefit from immunotherapy.

이중맹검을 위한 Sham Acupuncture에 대한 임상연구

임정아,서정철,이은용,이향숙,문형철,최선미,황우준,조남근,김성철,Lim, Jeong-A,Seo, Jung-Chul,Lee, Eun-Yong,Lee, Hyang-Sook,Moon, Hyung-Cheol,Choi, Sun-Mi,Hwang, Woo-Joon,Cho, Nam-Geun,Kim, Sung-Chul 대한침구의학회 2006 대한침구의학회지 Vol.23 No.5

Background and Purpose : Though there were many clinical studies of acupuncture effects they didn't have appropriate control group. So we didn't say it was true acupuncture effect, though subjects in clinical study improved. To investigate the possibility of sham acupuncture application, we examined how well subjects distinguished real acupuncture from sham acupuncture. Methods : We investigate the possibility of sham acupuncture application as the following 3 kinds of methods. 1. The public (n=60) and Oriental Medicine Doctors (n=20) looked at the appearance of acupuncture and then were treated with randomly allocated acupuncture and judged it as real or sham. 2. The public (n=60) and Oriental Medicine doctors (n=20) were treated with randomly allocated acupuncture, then they looked at the appearance of acupuncture and judged it as real or sham. 3. The public (n=60) were treated with randomly allocated acupuncture (right-real-left-sham), (right-sham-left-real), (left-real-right-sham), (left-sham-right-real), then they judged it as real or sham. Results : 1. When the public (n=60) looked at the acupuncture appearance, the correct judgement ratio was 63.3%. After they were treated with acupuncture, the correct judgement ratio was 50.0%. 2. When Oriental Medicine doctors (n=20) looked at the acupuncture appearance, the correct judgement ratio was 25.0%. After they were treated with acupuncture, the correct judgement ratio was 45.0%. 3. When the public (n=60) were treated with acupuncture, the correct judgement ratio was 50.0%. After they looked at the acupuncture appearance, the correct judgement ratio was 63.3%. 4. When Oriental Medicine doctors (n=20) were treated with acupuncture, the correct judgement ratio was 65.5%. After they looked at the acupuncture appearance, the correct judgement ratio was 65.0%. 5. After the public (n=60) were treated with randomly allocated sham or real acupuncture as (right-real-left-sham), (right-sham-left-real), (left-real-right-sham), or (left-sham-right-real). the correct judgement ratio was 66.7% in looking at the acupuncture appearance group, and in not looking at 60.0%. Conclusion : These results indicated that Kim Sham Acupuncture could apply to the double blind clinical study of acupuncture effect. And more continuous studies are needed on Sham Acupuncture apparatus.