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초등학생의 1000m 달리기-걷기 평가방법에 관한 연구
박철호,박은경,고봉민,우상헌,안민호,차유림 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2002 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-
This research aims to develop a new evuluation method of endurance for elementary school students. The norm of the event of 1,000m running-walking was examined and reviewed. As a result, a new highly-valid norm for the present 1,000m running-walking was made. Among the 5th and 6th graders, 2,144 pupils were chosen. The subjects were given 1,000m running-walking and step test. The new norm led to the following results: 1. The frequency distribution of PEI according to Cajori's 5-stage evaluation method turned out to be normal for both 5th and 6th graders. In conclusion, this new norm of 1,000m running-walking is believed to provide more valid and credible scores for elementary school students. The 1,000m running-walking records and the PEI will be used as the basic data for foretelling one's endurance.
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박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-
Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.
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Trauma : Recommendations to Prevent and Manage Snowboarder Injuries in the FIS Snowboard World Cup
( Kyoung Wan Ko ),( Tae Hoon Kim ),( Kyoung Chul Cha ),( Yong Sung Cha ),( Kyung Hye Park ),( Kyung Hoon Sun ),( Hyun Kim ),( Sung Oh Hwang ),( Kang Hyun Lee ) 대한응급의학회 2016 대한응급의학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Purpose: Snowboarding accidents may cause severe injury due to the advanced skills required of Olympic athletes and the faster speed compared to many other sports. The aim of this study was to describe environmental characteristics of snowboarding injuries and to determine the level of medical support using injury analysis. Methods: A descriptive epidemiology study was conducted with collection of data from the Federation Internationale de Ski (FIS) Snowboard Competition from January 14 to 24 in 2009. Data from the Competition Operation Committee records, medical records and competition regulations were selected for analysis. Results: In this study, 31/524 competitors reported injuries, predominantly sprains and contusions (21 cases), including eight fractures. Analysis of the physical distribution of these injuries indicated ten injuries of an upper extremity (32%), seven of a lower extremity (23%), six in the head/neck region (19%), and five spinal injuries (16%). The majority (23/31) of these injuries occurred during the snowboard cross (SBX) events. Environmental factors including the course visibility and slope conditions impacted the frequency of injury during the competition. In addition, the arrival times of medical teams were longer for the SBX events (260±92 sec) than for the Parallel Giant Slalom (202±54 sec) and other snowboarding events (<60 sec). Conclusion: The frequency and severity of injuries were highest in the SBX competition. For injury prevention, we recommend increased focus on safety on the SBX course, consideration of weather and other environmental conditions, and a rapid emergency medical support response for injury management.
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( Ho Chul Kwon ),( Kang Hyun Lee ),( Oh Hyun Kim ),( Hyun Kim ),( Sung Oh Hwang ),( Kyoung Chul Cha ),( Yong Sung Cha ),( Tae Hoon Kim ),( Dong Keon Lee ),( Jin Go ) 대한응급의학회 2014 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2
The aim is to evaluated the cost effectiveness of a medical personnel (doctor and nurse) staffed helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) in severe trauma patients at level I trauma center. This retrospective cohort study was conducted among severely injured patients transferred from rural hospitals and 119 rescue teams to an emergency department of a level I trauma center. We analyzed trauma patients (ISS≥16) who was tranferred by HEMS and GEMS July 2013 to April 2014. A quality-adjusted estimates of in-hospital mortality were derived using logistic regression and the mortality reduction needed to make helicopter transport cost less than $10,000 per adjusted life-year gained compared with ground emergency medical services (GEMS). We identified 183 patients; of these, we excluded 44 patients who were transported from downtown or nearby area. There were 34 (24.5%) patients tranported by HEMS and 105 (75.5%) patients tranported by GEMS. The HEMS showed to be more costly about $5,000 but more effective at reducing in hospital mortality about 13%. Overall health care costs were reduced by reducing the length of hospital stay and the hospital mortality. The improved mortality reduction associated with HEMS led to be less cost per life year saved in severe trauma patients. The HEMS showed the cost benefit of HEMS in severe trauma patients through the mortality reduction.
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Stiffness Modeling of a Soft Finger
Cha, Hyo-Jeong,Koh, Kyoung Chul,Yi, Byung-Ju 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 Transaction on control, automation and systems eng Vol.12 No.1
This paper presents the design and stiffness modeling of a new 3 DOF soft finger mechanism using a spring as a backbone. The mechanism consists of a spring and 3 cylinders, which behave like joints. To control each joint, wires of different length are penetrated into the cylinders which have small holes in their cross-sectional areas, and each joint can be controlled by pulling each wire. Also, the stiffness modeling is conducted to measure the softness of the finger mechanism as well as to estimate the actuator size. First, the forward kinematics is solved by using the geometry of mechanism, and length of wires and Jacobian are obtained. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed mechanism, the position control, the flexibility and safety, and the stiffness model are verified through experimental work.
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전경선 ( Kyoung Sun Jeon ),차철욱 ( Chul Wook Cha ) 중국사학회 2016 中國史硏究 Vol.100 No.-
This study attempts to grasp fully the facets of female mobilization in Manchukuo during Sino-Japanese War. It was impossible to conduct a war without women cooperation in a total war, which became the modality of wars after World War I. With the outbreak of Sino-Japanese War in July 1937, Manchukuo, which had been an ally of Japan, entered into a state of war, and thus became desperate for women`s collaboration for the war. In order to elicit women`s enthusiastic cooperation for national policies during wartime, Manchukou launched indoctrination and reformation campaigns for women and demanded them to become good wives and wise mothers equipped with womanly virtues. Futhermore, the state not only emphasized women`s responsibility as good wives and wise mothers to their family but also expanded it to the larger society and country. More importantly, the state formed a female interest group called Manchukuo National Defense Women`s Association to systematically mobilize women under government control. The mission of this group can be summarized largely into three categories: protecting the family, supporting war from the rear, and acting in harmony with the people. This group played a central role in mobilizing Manchukuo women. In particular, the role of this group became more important with wartime government-run champaigns, such as consumption control movement, savings campaign, and life improvement champaign, of which women and families were seen as the core. Women`s cooperation were indispensable in that family were seen as the core of wartime government-run campaigns in Manchukuo during the Sino-Japanese War. Responsibility and duty of a housewife, the supervisor of a family, were all the more emphasized in campaigns like consumption control movement and savings campaign. Also, under the wartime national policy to increase war supplies and agricultural produce, the government wanted to take full advantage of women labor as a way to solve lack of labor force. However, it is doubtful whether the female general public were successfully mobilized for the aforementioned wartime government-run campaigns according to the government`s intention. In a situation where it was difficult to even induct women into women association, there must have been considerable limitations to mobilizing women for government-run campaigns.
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생쥐 위장관의 Interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구
김영철,차경훈,신무경,임건한,김주영,안병수,김장만,양경철,박도영,오재욱,장인엽 조선대학교 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.1
Background and Objectives : Interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC) are the pacemakers in gastrointestinal tract that modulates gastrointestinal motiliey and these cells also transmit neural input from enteric nerves to smooth muscles. Recent work on tissues from patients with motility disorders that suggest that loss or defect in ICC could be related to pathophysiology in human and animal models. Immunolabelling of ICC in intestinal wall is recently developed by using specific marker, anti-c-kit antibody. Immunohistochemistry was done for ICC network in attempt to provide a morphological basis for the mechanism regulating gastrointestinal motility Methods : Cryosection was done, and whole-mount preparations of mouse stomach, gastrointestinal tract were immunolabelled using the anti-c-Kit. Immunolabelled ICC networks were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results : According to three dimensional reconstruction study, we found that the c-Kit-positive celluar networks were widely distributed in the gastrointestinal muscle (1) circular muscle layer(IC-IM), (2) myenteric plexus(IC-MY), (3) deep muscular plexus(IC-DMP) in ileum, (4) submucosal plexus(IC-SMP) and longitudinal muscle layer(IC-LM) in colon. Conclusion : The characteristic profiles of ICC celluar networks provide a morphological basis upon the mechanism regulating gastrointestinal motility. Additional studies for the enteric nerves-ICC interaction are need to evaluate the detailed roles of Icc in gastrointestinal tract.
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