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이수진,이길주,이동언 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.5
Contemporary architecture as a text holds two attitudes corresponding to structuralism and post-structuralism. The former is the text of structuralism explained as its internal relations, in other words its structure. This attitude underlines internal structural analysis of its text that intercepts all the relations to its receptionists. The latter is the text of post-structuralism that emphasizes its receptionists and its contexts. What this attitude retains is the fact that an interpretation of an architectural text is an instance of event. Because the event is characterized by openings, possibilities and indeterminacies, its meaning is temporal and sliding. Therefore, this paper proposes the architectural text as the dialectic of both attitudes in terms of Paul Ricoeur's interpretation theory, "the live metaphor". The text as "the live metaphor" implies the "threefold mimesis" that indicates prefiguration(mimesisⅠ), configuration(mimesisⅡ), refiguration(mimesisⅢ). Therefore, this paper attempts to interpret an architectural texts as "the threefold mimesis" to suggest a positive direction for contemporary architecture to pursue.
Lee, Jung Il,Park, Hyun Joo,Lee, Jin Woo,Kim, Young Soo,Jeong, Seok,Lee, Don Haeng,Kim, Hyung Gil,Shin, Yong Woon,Kwon, Kye Sook Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Liver international Vol.29 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P>Background</P><P>Elevated pretreatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) over two times the upper limit of normal reference range has been accepted as a marker for predicting HBeAg loss and an indicator for initiating antiviral therapy. Recently, several opinions argued that in patients aged over 40 years, the treatment should be started if they have elevated serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA without elevated ALT. However, initiating treatment in these patients might be argued against by the concept that the rate of HBeAg loss depends on the pretreatment ALT.</P><P>Aim</P><P>This study was conducted to investigate the usefulness of pretreatment ALT in predicting HBeAg loss in patients aged over 40 years under lamivudine treatment.</P><P>Methods</P><P>We retrospectively analyzed 820 HBeAg-positive patients treated with lamivudine. The patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at or after initiating the lamivudine treatment and patients with evident liver cirrhosis were excluded. Three hundred fifty-five patients met the criteria and were divided into two groups: ≤40 years of age (Group 1) and >40 years of age (Group 2).</P><P>Results</P><P>Analysis using the Kaplan–Meier method and the log rank test showed that the cumulative rate of HBeAg loss was not different in the two groups. Multivariate modelling indicated that an elevated pretreatment ALT level was a predictor of HBeAg loss in Group 1 (<I>P</I><0.05), whereas it failed to act as a predictor in Group 2.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>Antiviral therapy might not need to be deferred until the ALT level increases in order to enhance the chance of HbeAg loss in HBV DNA-(+) patients aged over 40 years.</P>
Measurement of Hepatic Functional Reserve by Functional Liver Imaging
이진우 ( Lee Jin U ),조혜진 ( Jo Hye Jin ),김정은 ( Kim Jeong Eun ),이정일 ( Lee Jeong Il ),정석 ( Jeong Seog ),권계숙 ( Kwon Gye Sug ),이돈행 ( Lee Don Haeng ),김범수 ( Kim Beom Su ),김형길 ( Kim Hyeong Gil ),신용운 ( Sin Yong U 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2003 No.-
<Purpose> To evaluate the feasibility of functional liver imaging (FLI) as a new method for measuring hepatic functional reserve (HFR). <Materials and Methods> Twenty-two patients with cirrhotic liver with various functional impairments (Child-Pugh [CP] c
간동맥색전술로 치료한 고칼슘혈증을 동반한 경화성 간세포암 1예
이돈(Don Lee),김인한(In Han Kim),김선후(Seon Hu Kim),이진우(Jin Woo Lee),최원(Won Choi),이돈행(Don Haeng Lee),김범수(Pum Soo Kim),김형길(Hyung Gil Kim),김영수(Young Soo Kim) 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.59 No.1
The sclerosing hepatocellular carcinoma is a histopathologically unusual subtype of primary hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by intense fibrous stroma in which the tubular neoplastic structures are embedded. It has been reported that hypercalcemia is much more frequently associated up to 69% in this subtype than in other subtypes of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. As we know, uncontrolled hypercalcemia may result in fatal outcome, and it was reported that hypercalcemia associated with hepatocellular carcinoma could be controlled with the resection of the tumor when it was possible. We report a case of sclerosing hepatocellular carcinoma with hypercalcemia in which the hypercalcemia was controlled with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).(Korean J Med 59:104-108, 2000)
( Hyun Jung Lee ),( Young Joo Jin ),( Jin Woo Lee ),( Hyun Jung Chung ),( Byung Wook Bang ),( Seok Jeong ),( Kye Sook Kwon ),( Don Haeng Lee ),( Hyung Gil Kim ),( Yong Woon Shin ),( Young Soo Kim ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Patients with liver cirrhosis frequently undergo secondary prophylactic endoscopic band ligation (EVL), and these patients can suffer from EVL with non-sleep endoscopy. Given the impaired metabolism of drugs administered for sedation in cirrhotic patients, we investigated the safety of sleep endoscopy for secondary prophylactic EVL in those patients who had a previous history of variceal bleeding Methods: A total of 59 cases with secondary prophylactic EVL that were performed at our institution between August, 2010 and April, 2013 were consecutively recruited. We compared the frequency of hepatic encephalopathy (HEP) between patients with sleep endoscopy and non-sleep endoscopy. Midazolam was intravenously injected for conscious sedation, and flumazenil was always used as antidote after sleep endoscopy. Results: The median patient`s age was 55 years (range, 29-89 years). The most common causes of liver cirrhosis were hepatitis B virus infection (44.1%) and alcohol (42.4%). Of the 59 cases, 39 (66.1%), 13 (22.0%), and 7 (11.9%) had Child-Tur- Turcotte- Pugh class A, B, and C, respectively. Sleep endoscopy was performed in 52 (88.1%) of the 59 cases [CTP class A (n=35, 67.3%), B (n=13, 25.0%), and C (n=4, 7.7%), respectively], and the remaining 7 (11.9%) underwent non-sleep endoscopy. Median dosage of midazolam was 5 mg (range, 2-10 mg). None of the patients had experienced HEP after sleep endoscopy for secondary prophylactic EVL, and this result was same to those with non-sleep endoscopy. Conclusions: Our data showed that intravenous midazolam may be used safely in cirrhotic patients, even in those with CTP class C undergoing secondary prophylactic EVL for conscious sedation, but large scaled prospective randomized studies should be performed to confirm our results.
( Jin Woo Lee ),( Don Haeng Lee ),( Jung Il Lee ),( Seok Jeong ),( Kye Sook Kwon ),( Hyung Gil Kim ),( Yong Woon Shin ),( Young Soo Kim ),( Mi Sook Choi ),( Si Young Song ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2010 Gut and Liver Vol.4 No.1
Background/Aims: Bacterial infection is accepted as a precipitating factor in cholesterol gallstone formation, and recent studies have revealed the presence of Helicobacter species in the hepatobiliary system. We utilized the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to establish the presence of bacterial DNA, including from Helicobacter species, in gallstones, bile juice, and gallbladder mucosa from patients with gallstones. Methods: At cholecystectomy, 58 gallstones, 48 bile samples, and 46 gallbladder mucosa specimens were obtained and subjected to nested PCR using specific 16S rRNA primers of H. pylori and other bacteria. Bacterial species were identified by DNA sequencing analysis. Bacterial 16S rRNA was detected in 25 out of 36 mixed-cholesterol gallstones, 1 out of 10 pure-cholesterol gallstones, and 9 out of 12 pigmented stones. Furthermore, 16S rDNA sequencing identified Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, and Helicobacter species. Results: Helicobacter DNA was detected in 4 out of 58 gallstones, 6 out of 48 bile samples, and 5 out of 46 gallbladder specimens. Direct sequencing of Helicobacter amplicons confirmed strains of H. pylori in all four gallstones, five out of six bile samples, and three out of five gallbladder specimens. Almost all mixed-cholesterol gallstones appear to harbor bacterial DNA, predominantly E. coli. Conclusions: H. pylori was also found in the biliary system, suggesting that these bacteria are of etiological importance in gallstone formation. (Gut Liver 2010;4:60-67)
간외담관암과 이형성 조직에서 p53 , K - ras , Ki - 67 발현의 임상적 의의
김영수,이은상,김영배,이건영,김진영,이진우,신용운,권계숙,이돈행,김범수,김형길,신석환,조현근 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.2
Background/Aims: We examined the expression of p53, K-ras, and Ki-67 in extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) carcinoma, dysplasia, hyperplasia, and normal tissues. Then, their clinical significance was determined. We also investigated if dysplasia and hyperplasia are the precancerous lesion in EHBD carcinoma. Methods: Specimens of 23 patients with surgically resected EHBD carcinoma were classified into normal, hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma. Then, they were immunostained to examine the expression of p53, K-ras, and Ki-67 antibody. Results: p53 was detected in 46.7% of dysplasia and 66.7% of carcinoma but not in hyperplasia. K-ras was positive in 46.7% of dysplasia and 55.6% of carcinoma but not in hyperplasia. Ki-67 was positive in 18.1% of hyperplasia, 73.3% of dysplasia, and all the carcinoma. None of them was detected in normal tissue. There was no significant correlation between p53 immunoreactivity and gender, histological grade, stage of EHBD carcinoma, and survival. K-ras and Ki-67 immunoreactivity was not associated with gender, age, histological grade, stage of EHBD carcinoma, and survival. Conclusions: These data suggest that p53 and K-ras mutations may have a role in the carcinogenesis of EHBD carcinoma and that dysplasia may be a precancerous lesion of EHBD carcinoma. Ki-67 may be useful in differentiation of carcinoma from dysplasia. There is no prognostic relationship significantly between p53, K-ras, Ki-67 expression, and the clinicopathologic parameters.