소아와 성인의 HBV 관련 신병증에서 HBV pre-S/S DNA 돌연변이의 분석

박영홍,박기호,정우영 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.5

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the mutations of HBV pre-S/S gene in HBV-associated nephropathy patients and to compare the patterns of mutations between child and adult patient, which may suggest the relationship of HBV with these diseases. Method: Seventeen fresh frozen or paraffin-embedded renal tissue samples were obtained from child or adult patients with HBsAg-positive and nephropathy. HBV pre-S/S regions were amplified with PCR and subjected to direct sequencing. Mutations were analyzed at pre-S1, pre-S2 and S gene regions and the difference of pattern was evaluated between adult and child. Results: Seventeen PCR products were direct-sequenced, of which twelve(70.6%) had the mutations at pre-S1 region. Point mutations were detected from all of 12 cases(100.0%) and resulted in amino acid substitutions as Q8OP(CAG->CCG) and L112I(CTA→ATA). Deletion mutations were detected in 2 patients(16.7%) of which one had 27 bp(3149-3175) deletion and the other 2 deletions including l5 bp(2847-2861) and 60 bp(3143-3202) deletions. The mutations at pre-S2 region were detected in 11 cases(64.7%) of which 10(90.9%) had point mutations. Amino acid substitution of T37I due to the point mutation from ACT to ATT was found in 4 cases. Deletion mutations were detected in 3 cases(27.3%) of which one had 66 bp(3203-3213,1-55) deletion which was continuous with the pre-S1 deletion. The other two had 48 bp(nt8-55) and 60 bp(nt3208-3213, 1-54) deletions, respectively. The mutations at S gene were found from all of 17 cases and are exclusively the point mutations but not the deletion mutation. At 'a' determinant(aa124-147), three amino acid substitutions including Ⅰ126N, T131A and G145R were detected. Most of mutations with high frequency and/or amino acid substitution were detected from children, including at Q8OP at pre-S1, T37l at pre-S2 and T131A at S gene. Conclusion: We could find the various mutations including point mutations and deletion mutations at HBV pre-S/S gene in kidney tissue from patients with HBV-associated nephropathy. The comparison of the mutation between the child and adult patients showed the significant difference of mutation pattern.

가야산 국립공원일대의 식생 및 식물상 연구 : 단지봉 지역을 중심으로 Especially on the Danji-bong Area

박광우,권영한,최경,오승환,김동갑,김주환 한국환경생물학회 2005 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.23 No.1

본 조사지역인 가야산국립공원은 지리학적으로는 북위 35?5′00″~35?9′30″, 동경 128?2′30″~128?09′30″에 위치하고, 행적구역상으로는 경상남도의 합천군과 거창군, 경상북도의 성주군, 고령군에 걸쳐 있으며, 총면적은 57.81 km꼬?이른다. 가야산은 우리나라 기후지역상 온대남부에 위치하고, 식물구계학적으로는 남부아구에, 식생구계학상으로는 냉온대에 속하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 전체면적의 약 82.5%가 해발 600m 이상이며, 1,000m이상이 약 10.3%에 해당된다. 가야산의 해인사-극락골-토신골 지역은 잘 보존된 소나무림이 우점하고 있고, 부분적으로 노각나무가 산생하는 것이 관찰되었으며, 해인사-진대밭골-두리봉 지역은 계곡에는 소나무와 졸참나무가 고지대에는 신갈나무 등이 부분적으로 군락을 형성하고 있었다. 또한 남산제일봉과 북사면은 각각 등산로와 임도가 형성되어 있어 소나무와 졸참나무, 신갈나무 등이 혼재된 양상을 나타내었고, 백운동계곡 주변은 다른 사면과 달리 식생의 발달정도가 소나무와 관목위주로 매우 단순했다. 특기할만한 점은 상왕봉 주변에서 흰참꽃, 설앵초, 네귀쓴풀, 백리향, 솔나리, 구름송이풀 등의 희귀 또는 고산성 식물들이 분포하는 것이 확인되었다. 가야산국립공원지역에 분포하는 양치식물 이상의 관속식물을 대상으로 조사한 결과 91과 268속 373종 1아종 75변종 12품종 4잡종으로 총 465분류군이 조사 확인되었으며, 이는 우리나라 관속식물 4,071 분류군의 11.4%에 해당되었다. 한국특산식물은 11과 15속 15분류군으로 조사지역내 분포하는 465분류군중 약 3.2%이며. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 17과 21속 25분류군으로 이는 가야산 소산식물 465분류군의 5.4%이었고, 조사지역에 분포하는 귀화식물은 5과 7속 7분류군으로 우리 나라전체 귀화식물종 177종류의 4%이다. 또한 가야산 단지봉(1,028.5m)에서 새로 발견된 산간습지 (forested wetland)와 자란초 자생 군락지에 대해 식생 및 층위별 종조성을 토대로 현존 식생 구조를 분석하였다. This study aims to investigate the flora of Mt. Gaya National Park, especially focused on the forested wetland vegetation of Danji-bong area. The flora of Mt. Gaya was investigated from April in 2003 to October in 2004. Vascular plants of this area consist of total 465 taxa, 4 hybrids, 12 forma, 75 varieties, 1 subspecies, 373 species, 268 genera, 91 families. It corresponds to 11.4% of totally 4,071 taxa appeared in Korea. Korean endemic plants were composed 11 families, 15 genera, 14 species, 1 variety and totaling 15 taxa. And also actual vegetation structures were analyzed the newly founded forested wetland and natural population Ajuga spectabilis on the Danji- bong area using the vegetation and the species composition by tree layer.

수도관의 생물막 형성에 미치는 잔류염소와 파이프 재질의 영향

박세근,박재우,성권식,최성찬,김영관 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

This laboratory study examined the impact of free chlorine residual and pipe material on the formation of biofilm in drinking water distribution pipe surfaces. Result of heterotrophic plate counts(HPC) of the biofilm in the tap water- supplied reactor averaged 2.17×105CFU/cm2 on PVC and 2.43×105CFU/cm2 on STS 316, respectively. HPCs on the surface exposed to the tap water containing 0.2mg/L of free chlorinne residual averaged 4.24×104CFU/cm2 on PVC and 6.54×104CFU/cm2 on STS 316, respectively Average of HPC/Total direct counts in the tap water-supplied reactor ranged from 1.08%(PVC) to 1.26%(STS 316) and from 0.38%(PVC) to 0.65%(STS 316) in the reactor supplemented with disinfectant, resfectively. No correlation was observed between disinfectant addition and biofilm density. With regard to the biofilm formation, little difference existed between PVC and STS 316. Yellow and red pigmented bacteria were the dominant expressions in bulk fluid, whereas non-pigmented bacteria were found dominant in the biofilm. Pink/red pigmented bacteria were found to be facultative anaerobic, while yellow pigmented bacteria and non-pigmented bacteria were found to be obligate aerobic.

유산소 리듬 운동프로그램이 노인의 혈압, 심박수 및 생활만족도에 미치는 효과

우선혜,김효정,박영숙 대한보건협회 2001 대한보건연구 Vol.27 No.3

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of aerobic rhythmical exercise program on blood pressure, pulse and the life satisfaction of the elderly. This quai-experimental study was designed as a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest study. The subjects were 36 subjects(experimental group: 19 subjects, control group: 17 subjects), aged between 65 and 73 years who have normal cognition, sensory function and cerebellum function. Aerobic rhythmical exercise program was developed on the basis of aerobic exercise, Korean tradititional dance and music by the author. The blood pressure, pulse rate and life satisfaction were measured prior to and following the experimental treatment. Data were analyzed with x^2-test, t-test, mean, standard deviation, percentage of change and ANCOVA test using SAS program. The results were as follows. 1. There was no significant difference of systolic blood pressure between experimental and control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=1.39, P=0.247). 2. The diastolic blood pressure of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=2.96, p<0.1). 3. There was no significant difference of resting heart rate between experimental and control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=0.07, P=0.793). 4. The life satisfaction of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=9.94, p<0.01). On the basis of the above findings, aerobic rhythmical exercise program is effective in reducing diastolic blood pressure and promoting life satisfaction of the elderly. Thus, this program can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention for the elderly.

태권도경기시 상대산소섭취량에 관한 연구

박철호,김우규,윤영학 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1998 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of VO₂max in Taekwondo competition. Subjects as a T group were seven well-trained Taekwondo players. Control group was composed of seven healthy male students who taking Taekwondo club in D university. With K4b²telemetry, VO₂max was determined for each subject by administering as treadmill exercise test(5% slope, start speed: 120m/min, increased 20m/min each 2min). Data were analyzed by ANOVA with post hoc-test The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for the study The study has shown that covering all round in the Taekwondo competition, the Taekwondo player group was over 81% VO₂max 55.88%, 71~80% VO₂max 17.20%, below 70%, VO₂max 26.92%, and the control group was over 81% VO₂max 47.35%, 71~80% VO₂max 14.55%, below 70% VO₂max 38.10%. Putting the above-mentioned together, we can assume that in the Taekwondo competition, energy recruitment is anaerobic 55% or so, aerobic 45%. To develop performance of Taekwondo, it is fit that training have to be composed of 60% over 81% VO₂max at least. In the future, I think that it will be necessary to find how to classify the ratio of ATP-PC system which was brought about in the Teakwondo competition, that of lactate system and aerobic on the metabolism.

이장재와 이장면적의 차이에 따른 인장결합강도의 변화

박종덕,이용우,온영석,이광원 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to extimate the changes of tensile bond strength according to the difference in lining materials and lining area. Seventy non-carious extracted human molars were used in the present study. and they were randomly assigned into 2 experimental groups according to the difference in lining materials. Each experimental group was subdivided into 3 groups according to the difference in lining area. Circular cavities were prepared on the dentin surface to a diameter of 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm and the prepared cavities were filled with Fuji Ⅱ LC(Glass Ionomer Cement : GIC) or Dycal. Dentin specimens without circular cavity were used as control group. The primer and bonding agent of All-Bond 2 and composite resin(Z-100, 3M Dental Products, U. S. A.) were applied to the exposed dentin surface with or without lining. Tensile bond strengths for the experimental specimens were then measured. To examine the interface between dentin and liner & between liner and composite resin, two specimens from each group were fabricated and observed under the SEM. The results were as follows. 1. Tensile bond strength for the specimens lined with GIC was higher than that for specimens lined with Dycal. However, therer was no significant diffenence between two groups(p>0.05). 2. Tensile bond strength for the specimens lined with GIC in a diameter of 1.5mm(GIC-1.5mm lining group) was statistically higher than that for the GIC-2.0mm lining group(p<0.05). 3. Tensile bond strength for the specimens lined with Dycal in a diameter of 2.5mm(Dycal-2.5mm lining group)was statistically lower than that for Dycal-1.5mm lining group and Dycal-2.0mm lining group(p<0.05). 4. It was possible to observe the good adhesion of the resin composite to the GIC and the presence of a fissure between GIC and dentin all along the interface, Interfacial gaps of 7.2-72.2㎛ between GIC and dentin were observed. The interfacial gap between GIC and dentin at the cavity base was greater. However. the gap was gradually decreased toward the occlusal portion. 5. It was possible to observe the poor adhesion of the resin composite to the Dycal. The detachment of Dycal was occurred all along the composite resin-Dycal interface, and the gaps of 2.0-30.1㎛ were formed. In all the specimens. polymerization shrinkage of resin composite caused the detachment of Dycal from the body of Dycal. AT a Dycal-dentin interface, it was possible to observe the good adhesion, but poor adhesion with interfacial gap of 2.9-26.8㎛ were formed. In all the specimens. polymerization shrinkage of resin composite caused the detachment of Dycal from the body of Dycal. At a Dycal-dentin interface, it was possible to observe the good adhesion, but poor adhesion with interfacial gap of 2.9-26.8㎛ was observed partially.

GC-ECD를 이용한 유기염소계 및 Pyrethroid계 농약 동시 분석법

김우성,이선화,김재이,정지윤,이명자,박영채,이영자,정성욱,이봉헌,박흥재 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Pesticides were extracted from samples with 70% acetone and methylene chloride in order, and then cleaned up via open-column chromatography apparatus packed with florisil, and finally analyzed simultaneously the organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides using GC(ECD). An ultra-2 fused silica capillary column was used to separate and identify the products. The resolution between the last isomeric peak of cypermethrin(59.987min) and the first isomeric peak of flucythrinate(60.043min) was not satisfactory. The last isomeric peak of fenvalerate(62.344min) and the first isomeric peak of fluvalinate(62.397min) were overlapped. Recoveries of soybean sample for the most pesticides were 73.3% to 102.4%. Detection limits were between 0.004 and 0.063 ㎍/㎎ when this method was used.

황 첨착 활성탄에 의한 구리제거

김영환,박정훈,김정섭,유현철,이봉섭,곽명화,우성훈,박승조 東亞大學校 環境問題硏究所 2005 硏究報告 Vol.27 No.1

This study was carried out to remove copper ion in case of activated carbon impregnated sulphur(ACS) dose and different pH using activated carbon impregnated sulphur that prepared from activated carbon at sulphur dioxide atmosphere. Removal copper ion concentration was increased as increasing the ACS dose when copper ion concentration was 10 mg/L. Optimum dose of ACS 13.3 g ACS/L and maximum removal efficiency was 93%. The results obtained from adsorption experiment in the condition of ACS optimum dose when the pH was 3, 4, 5 respectively was pH 5 was excellent.

Calcium phosphate 결정 성장 최적화를 위한 Ti 표면의 BaTiO_3 박막 형성에 관한 연구

조진우,양홍서,박영준,황규석,송종은,이용렬 전남대학교 치과대학 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.2

This study was purposed to establish an optimized manufacturing process for a negatively charged ferroelectric thin flim on titanium substrate in order to develop a new implant system having the mechanical strength and bone forming ability. Ferroelectric materials show an alignment of positive and negative charges by poling treatment. Based on this property, this study was performed with the assumption that the Ca^2+ ions would be easily attracted on negatively charged surface and the attracted cation might behave as nuclei for bone-like crystal grownth in biological solutions. In order to have an osteoinducibility by the ferroelectric thin film coating, continuous and flawless crystalline thin film should be formed with ferroelectricity, and finally should be adequately poling treated. In this study, BaTiO_3 (BTO) was selected as a ferroelectric material. Before thin film coating process, most favorable poling condition was investiged with the evaluation of the difference in calcium phosphate (Ca-P) formation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the parameters to form an optimum thin film were studied. Dense bulk BTO disks were fabricate using cold isostatic pressing(CIP) and sintered in air at 1300℃ for 2 hours. Sintered BTO disk was polished, and he crystallinity, microstructure, and ferroelectric characteristics were evaluated using an X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and an Impedance analyzer. To find the optimum poling condition for the calcium phosphate crystal formation, sintered bulk BTO specimens were treated with either of following poling conditions; 1) room temperature poling treatment [ polarizing field (Ep) = 25kV/cm, at 25℃ for 2 hours], 2) under Tc medium-temperaturepoling treatment (Ep=20kV/cm, from 85˚C to 25˚C for 2 hour), and 3) above Tc high-temperature poling were immesed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 30 days, and the formation of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) layer n the surface was evaluated. The crystallinity, microstructure, and ferroelectric characteristic of BTO thin film were evaluated withthe variation of final heat treatment. It was performed after establishing the starting substance-solvent mixing ratio, coating times, and pre-heating temperature optimal to form continuous and flawless BTO thin film adequate for having ferroelectricity. Perparation of BTO thin film was made by dipping-pyrolysis technique using metal naphthenates as starting substances. BTO thin films was spin-coated on Ti substrate by dipping-pyrolysis technique using sol obtained by mixing Ba-naphthenate and Ti-naphthenate as starting substances. Pre-firing temperature of BTO thin film was performed at 450℃ because organic-solvent ws completely volatilized without any crystal growth, and the final heat treatment was performed at 600, 700 or 800℃, respectively. The results are as follows; 1. BTO disk sintered at 1300℃ for 2 hours showed average grain size of about 1㎛ and the relative dielectric constant at 1㎑ was abut 3000∼3500. 2. After immersing the sintered bulk BTO poled at respective conditions in SBF for 30 days, Ca-P layers were present on the negatively charged surfaces. In contrary, positively charged Bto surface did not show any noticeable charge of the surface microstructure after SBF immersion. 3. In he case of poling condition 1 and 2 treated with below Tc, Ca/P ratio showed a relatively low value of 1,.2∼1.5. While, in the case of poling condition 3 treated with above Tc, Ca/P ratio was 1.5∼1.67, which is similar to that of biological apatite. This phenomenon demonstrates that poling the BTO above the temperature of Tc is preferable for the Ca-P formation. 4. For thin film BTO coastin, the starting substance was prepared by an equimolar mixing of the Ba and Ti-naphthenate. Dilution of the starting substance with toluene was most appropriate at sol : toluene ratio of 5.2:4.8 Too thin sol produced porosity in film, and too thick sol resulted cracks in the film. By repeating the coating and pre-firing procedure 15 times, homogeneous film of 0.5㎛ thickness could be fabricated, and perfomed well during the poling treatment without breakdown. 5. The heat-treatmen of the BTO thin film at 700℃ produced a homogeneous crystalline structure without heterogeneous TiO2 formation. The BTO thin film heat-treated at 600℃ showed non-crystallinity and no ferroelectricity. Treatment at 800℃ produced heterogeneous TiO2 phase in the film, which is unfavorabe for having ferroelectricity by the distortion of the perovskite structure. The relative dielectic constant at 1 ㎑ was 152 and 112 by heat-treatment at 700 and 800℃, respectively. In summary, these results demonstrated that poling the ferroelectric B_aT_iO_3 surface negatively is effective for the formation of Ca-P layer in simulated body fluids. Poling condition at a temperature cooling from above Tc down to room temperature is most effective. By optimizing the method of BTO thin film coating on metal substrate for the formation of Ca-P layer, the data of this study might be applied for the manufacture of new bioactive implant system.

기관골 신생증 1예

오영상,이은우,정종혁,문승원,김수현,김동한,양혁승,박정환,박경옥,강성수,이영직 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.2

Tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica is a rare disorder of unknown cause characterized by the projection of numerous bony or cartilaginous submucosal nodules into the tracheobronchial lumen with sparing of the posterior membranous portion of tracheobronchial tree. In the past, most of the cases were diagnosed as secondary finding at autopsy. Nowaday, the key component of the evaluation is flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy, which typically demonstrates irregular spicules of subrnucosal bone and cartilage projecting into the tracheobronchial lumen and causing various degrees of airway obstruction. A 45 years old man was visited Sunchon St. Carollo hospital due to discomfort on throat. We saw several nodules just below vocal cord via laryngoscope. The computed tomography revealed multiple small calcified nqdules on trachea and both main bronchi. Pathologic finding of bronchoscopic biopsy showed abnormal proliferation of bony and cartilagious nodules in the tracheal submucosa. These fingdings were consistent with tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica. We report here on a case of tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica with review of literature.