Auxin signaling is involved in iron deficiency-induced photosynthetic inhibition and shoot growth defect in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Kaidong Liu,Runqing Yue,Changchun Yuan,Jinxiang Liu,Lei Zhang,Tao Sun,Yanjun Yang,Shuanggui Tie,Chenjia Shen 한국식물학회 2015 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.58 No.6

Iron deficiency is one of the most serious nutrient limiting factors that affect rice plant growth and photosynthesis. Several phytohormones, including auxin, participate in iron uptake and homeostasis. However, how auxin signaling is involved in iron deficiency-induced inhibition of shoot growth and photosynthetic efficiency is largely unknown. The Nipponbare (NIP) seedlings displayed typical chlorotic symptoms, biomass reduction and photosynthesis depression when subjected to iron deficiency. We measured the soluble Fe content in the shoots under different conditions. The soluble Fe content in the shoots under Fe deficiency was increased by 1-naphthoxyaceticacids (1-NOA) treatment and was decreased by 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) treatment. Blocking (1-NOA treatment) or enhancement (NAA treatment) of auxin signaling also affects photosynthetic parameters under Fe deficiency conditions. Furthermore, rice microarray data (GSE17245 and GSE39429) were used to analyze the relationship between iron deficiency responses and auxin signaling in shoots. Most iron deficiency response gene expression levels in the shoots increased under exogenous auxin treatment, and most auxin early response gene expression levels responded to iron deficiency. It suggested that there is a crosstalk between iron deficiency signaling and auxin signaling. Our results indicated that iron deciencyinduced growth inhibition and photosynthesis depression were mediated by systemic auxin signaling.

A Study of Radio Voice Signal Based on the Time Delay Estimation

Xinrui Liu,Jinxiang Chen,Xianbo He,Wei Li,Gangyuan Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.9

The wave of voice signal is narrow and unstable. Besides, it has a non-continuity in time domain and an inconsistent decline of the radio channel, especially the short wave channel, which makes estimating the time delay of the radio’s voice signal very difficult. To solve such problems, the authors creatively combine the voice activity detection with the short-segment processing technology. Meanwhile, by using Weighted Least Squares Phase Fitting method to work out the time delay, we conduct a research in the time delay estimation of radio’s voice signal. The laboratory finding finally shows that this method is far better than the typical Generalized Correlation Method for estimation of time delay.

A Pitch Smoothing Method for Mandarin Tone Recognition

Qian Liu,Jinxiang Wang,Mingjiang Wang,Panpan Jiang,Xirui Yang,Jiayuan Xu 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.4

An Improved Tone Model for SVM Based Tone Recognition

Qian Liu,Jinxiang Wang,Mingjiang Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.10

Tonal information is important for Chinese Mandarin speech recognition and understanding. Tone information is carried on the shape of fundamental frequencies. When constructing a tone recognition system based on support vector machine, the fundamental frequencies should be normalized by curve fitting method. The fitting coefficients are input data of support vector machine, but it cannot precisely represent the shape of fundamental frequencies. An improved tone model is proposed, which added some other information of fundamental frequencies, such as the maximum and minimum value, the position of maximum and minimum values, the fundamental frequency values of first and last point. The experimental result shows that the proposed model is more accurate with the shape of fundamental frequencies and the accuracy rate of tone recognition is increased by using the improved tone model.

A Feature Parameter Modification Algorithm for Voice Activity Detection Based on Support Vector Machine

Qian Liu,Jinxiang Wang,Mingjiang Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.6

A feature parameter modification algorithm is proposed to increase the accuracy of voice activity detection that based on support vector machine and energy acceleration parameters. The three energy acceleration parameters should have the equal importance for voice activity detection, in that all the three parameters can suitably characterize the classification features of speech and non-speech frames. For the three energy acceleration parameters, its minimum values vary a little; but its maximum values are greatly different. When radial basis function is chosen as the kernel function for voice activity detection, the coordinate values in Hilbert space is dominative determined by the energy values over a sub-region spectrum, the other two parameters only have a few contributions to it. The proposed algorithm extends the three energy acceleration parameters into the nearby or same order of magnitude. It make the three energy acceleration parameters at the same importance level in the calculation of coordinate values in Hilbert space, and can finally increase the accuracy of voice activity detection. The experimental results show that this algorithm can increase the accuracy of voice activity detection in the absence of noise and noise conditions.

Effect of compound coupling agent treatment on mechanical property and water absorption of hollow glass microspheres/epoxy composite

Zhaolin Zhu,Yin Liu,Guiyang Xian,Yan Wang,Chongmei Wu,Xiaobo Peng,Jinxiang Wang,Lingbing Kong 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.8

Hollow glass microspheres (HGMs), as a reinforcing material to prepare lightweight high-performance composites, have excellent mechanical properties. However, the composites prepared by simply mixing hollow glass microspheres with polymer resin have poor performance. In this study, compound coupling agent-modified HGM/EP composites were prepared by casting process with two silane coupling agents as compound coupling agents. Scanning electron microscopy and infrared (IR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the treated HGM. Meanwhile density, water absorption behavior, and mechanical properties of the modified HGM-filled epoxy composites were examined. It is found that the compound coupling agent could effectively improve the interfacial bonding between HGM and the matrix resin. A new chemical bond was formed between HGM and EP, which was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Compared with their untreated counterparts, the composites treated with the complex coupling agent exhibited excellent mechanical properties, along with lower density and lower water absorption.

^(64)Zn and ^(67)Zn (n,α) Reactions in the MeV Neutron Energy Region

Guohui Zhang,Jiaguo Zhang,Hao Wu,Jiaming Liu,Jinxiang Chen,Yuri Gledenov,Milana Sedysheva,Gonchigdorj Khuukhenkhuu,Pavel Szalanski 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Nuclear reactions of ^(64)Zn(n,α)^(61)Ni and ^(67)Zn(n,α)^(64)Ni are important because they are gas pro-duction reactions and zinc is a reactor constituent element with a signicant fraction. But the cross section data of these reactions are scanty because the residual nuclei ^(61)Ni and ^(64)Ni are stable and the commonly used activation method is not feasible. In the present work, differential cross sections and angleintegrated cross sections were measured for the ^(64)Zn(n,α)^(61)Ni reaction at neutron energies of 2.5, 4.0, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0 MeV and cross sections of the ^(67)Zn(n,α)^(64)Ni reaction were measured at 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 MeV. A twin gridded ionization chamber was employed as alpha particle detector. Experiments were performed at the 4.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator of Peking University. Monoenergetic neutrons of 2.5 MeV were produced through the T(p, n)^3He reaction with a solid Ti-T target, and those of other energies were produced through the D(d, n)^3He reaction with a deuterium gas target. Absolute neutron fluxes were determined through the ^(238)U(n, f) reaction and a BF^3 long counter was used as the neutron flux monitor. Present results are compared with other measurements and evaluations.

Identification of Endogenous Genes for Normalizing Titer Variation of Citrus Tristeza Virus in Aphids at Different Post-acquisition Feeding Times

Hongsu Wang,Qi Chen,Luqin Liu,Yan Zhou,Huanhuan Wang,Zhongan Li,Jinxiang Liu 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.4

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is efficiently transmitted in a semi-persistent manner by the brown citrus aphid (Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy)). Currently, the most sensitive method for detecting plant viruses in insect vectors is reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In this study, the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) gene and acidic p0 ribosomal protein (RPAP0) gene were confirmed to be suitable reference genes for RT-qPCR normalization in viruliferous T. citricida aphids using the geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper tools. Then the relative CTV titer in aphids (T. citricida) at different post-acquisition feeding times on healthy plants was quantified by RT-qPCR using EF-1α and RPAP0 as reference genes. The relative CTV titer retained in the aphids gradually decreased with increasing feeding time. During the first 0.5 h of feeding time on healthy plants, the remaining CTV titer in aphids showed about 80% rapid loss for the highly transmissible isolate CT11A and 40% loss for the poorly transmissible isolate CTLJ. The relative CTV titer in aphids during more than 12 h post-acquisition times for CT11A was significantly lower than at the other feeding times, which is similar to the trend found for CTLJ. To our knowledge, this is the first report about the relative titer variation of CTV remaining in T. citricida at different post-acquisition feeding times on healthy plants.

Investigation of (n,α) Reaction for Rare-earth Elements in the MeV Neutron Energy Region

Y. Gledenov,M. Sedysheva,Guohui Zhang,Jiaguo Zhang,Hao Wu,Jiaming Liu,Jinxiang Chen,P. Koehler,G. Khuukhenkhuu,P. Szalanski 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Cross sections and forward/backward ratios in the laboratory reference system were measured for ^(143)Nd(n,α)^(140)Ce at 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 MeV, ^(147)Sm(n,α)^(144)Nd at 5.0 and 6.0 MeV, and ^(149)Sm(n,α)^(146)Nd at 6.0 MeV. A twin gridded ionization chamber and large-area back-to-back ^(143)Nd^2O^3 and ^(147,149)Sm^2O^3 samples were employed. Experiments were performed at the 4.5 MV Van de Graaff of Peking University, China. Fast neutrons were produced through the D(d, n)^3He reaction by using a deuterium gas target. A small ^(238)U fission chamber was employed for absolute neutron flux determination and a BF_3 long counter was used as neutron flux monitor. Present experimental data are compared with previous measurements, evaluations, and model calculations.

Ginseng berry polysaccharides on infl ammation-associated colon cancer: inhibiting T-cell differentiation, promoting apoptosis, and enhancing the effects of 5-fl uorouracil

Chong-Zhi Wang,Lifei Hou,Jin-Yi Wan,Haiqiang Yao,Jinbin Yuan,Jinxiang Zeng,Chan Woong Park,Su Hwan Kim,Dae Bang Seo,Kwang-Soon Shin,Chun-Feng Zhang,Lina Chen,Qi-Hui Zhang,Zhi Liu,Clara Sava-Segal,Chun 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: Ginseng is a commonly used herbal medicine in treating various medical conditions. Chronic gut inflammation is a recognized factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). In thisproject, Asian ginseng berry polysaccharide preparations were used to assess their effects on CRC andrelated immune regulation mechanisms. Methods: Ginseng berry polysaccharide extract (GBPE) and purified ginseng berry polysaccharideportion (GBPP) were used to evaluate their activities on human HCT-116 and HT-29 CRC cell proliferation. Interleukin-8 secretion analysis was performed on HT-29 cells. Naive CD4 cell isolation and T-helper celldifferentiation were performed and determined using flow cytometry for Th1 and Treg in addition to cellcycle and apoptotic investigation. Results: GBPE and GBPP significantly inhibited interleukin-8 secretion and cancer cell proliferation,inhibited CD4þIFN-gþ cell (Th1) differentiation, and decreased CD4þFoxP3þ cell (Treg) differentiation. Compared to the GBPE, GBPP showed more potent antiinflammatory activities on the malignant cells. This is consistent with the observation that GBPP can also inhibit Th1-cell differentiation better, suggestingthat it has an important role in antiinflammation, whereas Treg cells hinder the body’s immuneresponse against malignancies. Supported by cell cycle and apoptosis data, GBPE and GBPP, at variousdegrees, remarkably enhanced the anticancer activities of 5-fluorouracil. Conclusion: Data from this project suggested that Asian ginseng berry potentially has clinical utility inmanaging enteric inflammation and suppressing CRC through immunomodulation mechanisms.