정신과 입원환자의 서비스 만족척도의 개발

김철권,이지연,송영선,김규호,김경률,김제원,이동기,최병무 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.3

목적 본 연구의 목적은 국내 정신의료기관(정신병원, 종합병원 정신과)에서 간편하게 사용할 수 있는 신뢰도와 타당도가 검증된 입원환자의 서비스 만족척도를 개발하기 위한 것이다. 방법 여러 단계를 거쳐 국내 실정에 맞는 문항을 개발하였고,정신병원, 종합병원, 대학병원 정신과 병동에서 퇴원하는 348명의 환자들을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 조사하였다. 요인분석 결과 5개의 요인이 추출되었으며 전체 변량의 63.04%를 설명하였다. 내적 일관성에 대한 신뢰도 계수 (Crohnbach's α)는 0.95로 상당히 높은 수준이었고, 수정된 개별문항-총점 상관계수는 0.50부터 0.72까지의 범위에 속하였다. 요인분석을 통해 추출된 서비스 만족척도의 각 하위척도 점수와 서비스 만족척도에 첨부된 각 영역에 대해 전반적인 만족도를 묻는 세 개의 문항 점수 간의 상관성 역시 유의하게 높았다. 결과 진단명에 따른 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수에서는 불안/신체형/강박장애 환자군과 기분장애 환자군이 각각 정신분열병 및 기타 정신병 환자군과 알코올중독 장애 환자군에 비하여 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였으며, 입원형태에 있어서는 자발적 입원군이 강제 입원군에 비하여 전체 만족점수가 유의하게 높았다. 그러나 성별, 월수입, 학력, 직업, 종교, 결혼상태 등의 변수에서는 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수에서 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았으며, 마찬가지로 연령, 입원일수, 입원횟수, 첫 발병나이, 유병기간 등의 임상적 변수에서도 서비스 만족척도의 전체 점수와 유의한 관계를 보이지 않았다. 서비스 만족척도의 전체점수에서 대학병원 환자군이 정신병원 환자군과 종합병원 환자군에 비하여 각각 유의하게 높았다. 결론 결론적으로 국내 정신의료기관에 입원한 환자들의 서비스 만족을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 개발된 본 척도는 높은 수준의 신뢰도와 타당도를 보였으며, 또 국내 정신의료 환경에 맞는 요인구조를 보였다. 따라서 정신의료 서비스에 대한 정신과 환자의 만족도에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정에서 본 척도의 개발은 향후 국내 정신의료의 질과 치료결과를 높이는 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Objectives : To develop and test the validity and reliability of a brief self-completed questionnaire (Service Satisfaction Scale : SSS) for routinely assessing the quality of service in psychiatric ward inpatients. Methods : A 30-item multidimensional questionnaire was developed by several steps of face validity and content validity. The questionnaire was administered to inpatients (n=348) discharged from psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals, and University hospitals. Construct validity was supported by performing principal component analysis. Reliability was estimated by calculating internal consistency of Cronbach's alpha. Results : Factor analysis yielded five factors comprising staff attitude, treatment quality, ward environment, access/cost, and ward rule, which account for 63.04% of the common variance. The internal consistency of the scale was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.95). The concurrent validity was supported by the significant correlation of each of five factors with item that measured overall satisfaction of SSS. Patients with neurosis (anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder) and mood disorders were significantly satisfied than those with psychosis and alcoholic disorders. Patients who admitted voluntarily were more significantly satisfied than those who admitted involuntarily. Sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, monthly income, education level, employment status and religion were not significantly different at the total scores of SSS. Similarly, clinical characteristics such as age of onset, duration of illness, lengths of hospital stay and number of previous hospitalization did not associate significantly with the total scores of SSS. Patients discharged from university hospitals were significantly more satisfied than those of the general and psychiatric hospitals. Conclusion : SSS performed well in the validity and reliability, indicating that it can be a useful tool for measuring Satisfaction of psychiatric inpatients in Korea.

신축학교 실내공기질이 초등학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향

김태섭,김선주,박시영,전만중,김규태,김창윤,정종학,백성옥,사공준 대한산업의학회 2007 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.19 No.1

목적: 신축초등학교와 대조학교를 선정하여 교실 내 포름알데히드와 TVOCs를 측정하고 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 이용하여 실내공기 오염물질이 학생들의 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 방법: 신축초등학교 5학년 71명을 실내공기 오염물질 노출군으로 하고, 개교한지 12년째인 대구시의 일개 초등학교 5학년 2학급 63명을 대조군으로 하여 실내공기 오염물질농도 측정 및 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 실시하였다. 결과: 신축학교에서 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시 포름알데히드 농도는 34.6 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에는 27.3 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1교시 80.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시 127.1 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교에서는 2학급 각각 1교시에 12.6 ㎍/㎥, 7.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 19.8 ㎍/㎥, 25.2 ㎍/㎥였다. TVOCs의 경우 신축학교의 의도적으로 창문을 개방한 학급에서 1교시에 농도는 487.2 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 428.2 ㎍/㎥, 창문을 개방하지 않은 학급에서 1 교시에 농도는 1,283.5 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 1,715.4 ㎍/㎥, 대조학교의 경우 2학급에서 각각 1교시에 농도는 240.9 ㎍/㎥, 150.8 ㎍/㎥, 4교시에 농도는 371.9 ㎍/㎥, 448.0 ㎍/㎥였다. 부호숫자 짝짓기의 평균반응시간은 대조학급이 1교시에 2,585 msec에서 4교시에 2,459 msec으로 감소한 반면 신축학교의 창문을 의도적으로 개방한 학급은 2,343 msec에서 2,510 msec으로, 평소대로 수업한 학급은 2,340 msec에서 2,563 msec으로 반응시간이 각각 167 msec, 223 msec 증가하였다. 1교시의 부호숫자 짝짓기 의 반응시간을 100%로 했을 때 창문을 의도적으로 개방 한 학급은 4교시에 5.9% 증가하였고(p<0.01), 평소대로 수업한 학급은8.3% 증가하였다(p<0.01). 반면에 대조학급은 4교시에 5.0% 감소하였다(p<0.01). 결론: 향후 학교의 실내공기질의 안전성 평가는 샘플링 된 공기의 오염수준의 측정뿐만 아니라 학생들의 건강영향도 함께 고려되는 것이 바람직할 것이다. Objectives: Most studies on the indoor air quality of newly built schools have focused only on the number of schools exceeding a standard or on subjective symptoms, such as sneezing, irritated eyes and an irritated nose. However, there has been no report on how poor indoor air quality affects children's academic performance. This study evaluated the effects of indoor air quality on the neurobehavioral performance of elementary school children. Methods: This study measured the indoor air pollutants and compared children's performance, using a computerized neurobehavioral test, between a newly built and a 12-year-old school. In addition, a questionnaire was administered regarding the indoor air quality related symptoms of children in a newly built and a 12-year-old school. Results: In the newly built school, the formaldehyde levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with an open window were 34.6 and 27.3 μg/㎥, respectively. The levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed were 80.2 and 127.1 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the formaldehyde levels in 1^(st) and 4^(th) class with open and closed window were 12.6 and 7.5 μg/㎥, and 19.8 and 25.2 μg/㎥, respectively. With respect to total volatile organic compounds, the levels in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window open in the newly built school were 87.2 and 428.2 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes with the window closed, the total volatile organic compounds were 1,283.5 and 1,715.4 μg/㎥, respectively. In the 12-year-old school, the total volatile organic compounds were 240.9 and 150.8 μg/㎥, and 371.9 and 448.0 μg/㎥ in the 1^(st) and 4^(th) classes, respectively. In the case of a newly built school, the performance of the students in the neurobehavioral test in the 4^(th) class with the window closed was 8.3% lower than for those in the 1^(st) class with the window closed, but was only 5.9% lower when the windows were open. There was a statistical significant difference in the total numbers of symptoms between the two schools. Conclusions: These results suggest a proper evaluation of the indoor air quality within schools is required into both the level of contamination and the health effects of these contaminants toward children.

위절제술 환자의 표준진료지침 개발 및 적용 효과

김은희,김철규,이순교,김순덕,이혜옥,권정순,이경미,이민미,심순미,유용만,신종식,강은희,이상일,김병식,오성태,육정환,박수길 한국의료QA학회 2003 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background : Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Korea. surgical operation is one of the major treatment modalities for gastric cancer patients. Therefore, gastrectomy is one of the most common procedures in General Surgery. There were variation in length of hospital stay and medical treatment for gastrectomy between three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. Clinical pathways have received considerable attention as a tool for recucing the medical practice variation, increasing the efficiency of care process, and improving the quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a clinical pathway for gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. Methods : The clinical pathway for gastrectomy was developed and implemented by a multidisciplinary group in Asan Medical Center. A computerized clinical pathway program was developed and revised after a pilot test. A total of 145 patients underwent gastrectomy by three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. We compared the length of hospital stay, patient satisfaction, and unplanned readmission rate between the pre-pathway group(n=67) and the post-pathway group(n=78). We also investigated the degree of satisfaction among the physicians and nurses who were main end-users of the clinical pathway. Results : The clinical pathway was applied to all target patients. The average length of hospital stay was shortened from 12.7days to 10.6days(p<0.01). The degree of patient satisfaction with the care process changed from 90.3% to 89.2% after the implementation of the clinical pathway, but the difference was of satistically significant(p=0.761). Unplanned readmission rate was 2.9% in the pre-pathway group. More than 90% of physicians and nurses answered that the clinical pathway had been a useful tool in their medical practice. Conclusions : The findings of the study demonstrated that implementation of the clinical pathway for gastrectomy produced substantial reduction in the length of hospital stay while improving the quality of patient outcomes. The computerized clinical pathway program can be used as one of the powerful patient management tools for reducing the practice variations and increasing the efficiency of care process in Korea hospital settings.

항갑상선제로 치료한 그레이브스병 환자의 관해예측인자

남일송,윤여일,김선규,김용현,이주영,목지오,윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: Most cases of Graves' disease have been treated by antithyroid drugs in Korea. The major drawbacks of antithyroid drugs are the relative high rate of relapse and the inconvinience of long term therapy. Measurement of TBII and TRH stimulation test have been considered as the most reliable tests predicting relapse, but the predictive power is not high enough to use in clinical situation. This study was performed to find good prognostic indicators in Graves' disease patients after the discontinuation of antithyroid drug therapy. Subjects and methods : We restrospectively evaluated 96 patients with Graves' disease who showed normal TRH test at the end of antithyroid drug therapy and were followed for more than one year. Serum T3, T4, T3/T4 ratio, TBII, Anti-TPO Ab and TGAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Two to three months after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, serum TSH and free T3 responses to TRH were examined. These parameters were compared between the relapse group and the remission group. Results : Among the 96 patients, 22 patients(22.9%) relapsed(Group Ⅱ) and 74 patients(77.1%) remained in remmision(Group Ⅰ). No significant difference was observed between the relapse and the remission group in clinical parameters, serum T3, T4, TSH, T3/T4 ratio, TBⅡ and Anti-TPO Ab determined before and after treatment. Serum TSH and free T3 levels measured after TRH stimulation were also similar in both groups. Serum TGAb levels determined at the end of treatment were significantly higher in the remission group(p<0.05). Relapse following the discontinuation of therapy occured within 24 months in 72.7% of the relapsed cases. After 24 months, relapse rate was reduced significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that high serum TGAb levels could be a favorable prognostic indicator for the long term remission of Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs, and may suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is combined with Graves' disease in those patients.

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 체내 총항산화능 측정의 의의

윤여일,윤석기,김선규,김용현,남일송,차건영,황의원,김영선 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: The diabetic patients are at significantly increased risk of developing vascular disease. It's etiology may involve oxidative damage by free radiacals and protection againse such damage can be offered by antioxidants. We investigated that oxidative stress as assessed by measurement of total antioxidant status may play a role in development of diabetes mellitus. Method: We measured total antioxiant status using merchandised kit, glycated hemeglobin(HbA1c) in 46 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 healthy matched control subjects. Result: The total antioxidant status(TAS) was 2.10(±0.04) mmol/L in uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, 2.60(±0.03) in controlled type 2 DM patients and 2.70(±0.16) in healthy control subjects. TAS was significantly lower(P<0.05) in uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, but no significant association between in controlled type 2 DM patients and healthy control subjects. The TAS was 2.00(±0.17) mmol/L in complicated type 2 DM patients and 2.10(±0.29) uncomplicated type 2 DM patients. There was no significant associations between complicated type 2 DM patients and uncomplicated type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is associated with reduced TAS in type 2 DM patients. TAS was thought indirect index that predict glycemic control of type 2 DM patients.

南北韓 國史敎科書에 登場하는 國王, 王族의 人物 比較

김인식,김선규 한국교육과정학회 2000 교육과정연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 남북한의 중등학교 국사 교과서에 등장하는 인물 중 국왕·왕족에 대하여 양적인 측면에서는 각 교과서별·시대별 분포와 설명이 있는 인물의 수 및 비율을, 질적인 측면에서는 공통으로 등장하는 인물에 관한 서술을 비교하는 것이었는데, 비교 대상 교과서는 남한의 중학교 및 고등학교 <국사>교과서와 북한의 고등중학교 국사교과서인 <조선력사>였다. 먼저 남북한 국사 교과서에 등장하는 전체 등장 인물의 수 및 비율을 각 교과서별·시대별·유형별로 분류하였다. 이어 남북한 국사교과서에 등장하는 국왕·왕족의 수 및 비율을 각 교과서별·시대별로 양적으로 분석하고, 각 인물의 양적인 비교를 보완하기 위하여 단순 등장 인물과 설명이 있는 인물의 등장 횟수 및 비율도 산출하였다. 아울러 이들 국왕·왕족이 남북한 국사교과서에 공통 및 어느 한쪽에만 등장하는 인물로 분류하여 각 시대별로 나누어 제시하였다. 다음으로 남북한 공통 등장 인물에 대한 질적인 비교는 인물의 '활동 분야·역할'의 측면, 서술 방식·비중'의 측면, 그리고 '인물 평가'의 측면으로 나누어 고찰하되 주로 각 측면별로 남북한이 상이하거나 부분적으로 일치하는 인물의 서술을 중심으로 논의 하였다. 비교의 결과 남북한 국사 교과서의 등장 인물을 양적으로 분석하면 인물의 수는 남한의 <국사>가, 설명이 있는 등장 인물은 북한의 <조선력사>가 더 많았으며, 남북한 공통 등장 인물보다 어느 한쪽에만 등장하는 인물의 수가 더 많았다. 이들 국왕·왕족을 질적으로 비교하면 인물의 '활동 분야·역할'과 같은 사실적 진술보다는, 인물의 '서술 방식·비중' 및 '인물 평가'의 측면에서 상이하거나 부분적으로 일치하는 노력이 요청된다. 하지만 남북한의 국사 교과서에는 이질적인 측면뿐만 아니라 유사하거나 동질적인 부분도 많은 만큼 공통적인 점은 더욱 심화·확대시키고, 차이점에 대해서는 이질성 극복을 위한 보다 적극적인 대처가 필요하다고 본다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the historical characters appearing in national history textbooks of South and North Korea, and to compare their similarities and differences in terms of quantitative dimension and qualitative dimension, In order to achieve these goals, this study overviewed the existing curricular structure and history education of South and north Korea, and analyzed the following three history textbooks ; <Junghak Kooksa> which is the history textbook for middle schools of South Korea, <Kogyo Kooksa> , which is the history textbook for high schools of South Korea, <Josun Ryuksa> which is the history textbook for secondary education of North Korea. As the quantitative approach, this study counted the frequency of all characters appearing in the textbooks, and divided them into a group of commonly appearing characters and a group of characters appearing in one part among three textbooks. Then, the frequency and the rate of all characters' appearance were calculated separatedly and compared with each other. As a result, some quantitative differences were founded in total counts of appearing characters in three textbooks. In total frequency of characters appearing in textbook, the history textbook of South Korea (<Junghak Kooksa> : 393, <Kogyo Koodsa> : 512) contained much more characters than North Korea's (<Josun ryuksa> : 348). And, commonly appearing characters in three comparative textbooks were 133, which amounted to only 18% of total numbers of appearing characters(735). It means that there are lots of differences between south Korea and north Korea in the number of appearing characters. And, as the qualitative approach, this study tried to analyze and discuss the similarities and difference of commonly appearing characters in three textbooks in terms of a character's activity area and role, description and weight of him/her, and historical evaluation of him/her as a whole. As a result, much more similarity was found in character's activity area and role any other aspects. On the other hand, in the aspect of description and weight of a character, difference between three textbooks was much more than similarity, and partially accordant characters were the most in historical evaluation of characters. Nowadays waking to the unification of South and North is faster and faster. So when we compare and study south and north Korean history education and characters in textbooks, we need to study more about 'how same' than 'how different'. Since appearing characters in textbook were deeply connected with their historical background and situation, how to describe a character would greatly influence on the historical interpretation. Therefore, in order to identify the reality of a character, we need a careful analysis on the historical viewpoint of textbook writers. It exceeds. however, the task and the focus of this study. In other word, based on the results of this study, a much more in-depth analysis on types of characters, modes of explaining them, and socio-cultural context should be continued in the future.

Bisthmus 제재와 항생제의 복합 투여가 Helicobactor pylori 박멸과 재발에 미치는 영향

김선주,황성규,박상흠,이문호 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.4

위점막내에 존재하는 Helicobacter pylori는 소화성 궤양의 발생과 재발에 중요한 인자로 인식되고 있으며, bisthmus, metronidazole, amoxicillin을 포함하는 3제 병합요법을 시행하면 H. pylori균의 박멸에 유효하고 소화성 궤양 재발 빈도를 낮출 수 있다고 한다. 그러나 3제 병합요법은 부작용 발생율이 높아 치료 실패의 주원인이 되고 있다. 이에 저자등은 H. pylori 양성인 소화성 궤양환자에서 H₂ 길항제 투여와 함께 3제 병합요법을 시행하였고, 또한 비교적 약제 부작용이 많은 metronidazole을 제외한 이제 병합 요법을 시행하여 H₂ 길항제 단독 투여한 대조군과 6개월간 추적하여 균의 박멸및 재발 여부를 비교 관찰하였다. 대조군은 Nizatidine을 8주간 투여하였으며 치료 1군은 nizatidine(150mg 하루 2회 복용)을 8주간 투여하고 첫 2주간은 TDB(240mg 하루 2회 복용), amoxicilline(500mg 하루 4회 복용) 투여하였다. 치료 2군은 nizatidine(150mg 하루 2회 복용)을 8주간 투여하고 첫 2주간은 TDB(240mg 하루 2회 복용)과 amoxicilline(500mg 하루 4회복용) metronidazole (250mg thrice a day)을 투여하였다. 치료 8주후 치료 1군은 53%에서, 치료 2군은 100%에서 균이 음전되었으나 대조군은 1예도 음전되지 않았다. 치료 2군의 13%에서 약물에 의한 부작용이 관찰되었다. 치료 6개월 추적 검사시 대조군은 모두 H. pylori 감염이 지속되었으며 치료 1군에서는 63%에서 재발하였으며, 치료 2군에서는 15%에서 재발하였다. 대조군에서는 소화성 궤양(위궤양 1명, 십이지장 궤양 4명)이 5명에서 재발하였으나 치료군에서는 재발이 없었다. H. pylori박멸된 환자에서의 항 H.pylori 항체(IgG)가는 치료 6개월에 치료전의 40%로 감소한 반면, 대조군의 항체가는 변화가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 H₂ 길항제(nizatidine)을 metronidazole 750mg/day, TDB 480mg/day, amoxicillin 2.0gm/day를 2주간 투여하면 약제에 의한 합병증이 비교적 적고, Helicobacter pylori 박멸과 재발 방지에 효과적이며 혈청 H. pylori 항체(IgG)의 추적 검사는 항 H. pylori 치료후 균박멸의 추적검사에 유용함을 알 수 있었다. It has recently been recognized that Helicobacter pylori is a important factor in the development and the recurrence of peptic ulcer diseases. Several studies has been shown that the eradication of Helicobacter pylori is associated with considerable reduction in the the rate of recurrence of peptic ulcer. Triple therapy including bisthmus, amoxicillin, metronidazole is known to be useful in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, but relatively frequent side effects are a major problem. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical course and the efficacy of triple therapy with H₂ blocker and bisthmus plus amoxicillin therpy with H₂ blocker in the eradication and the recurrence of Helicobacter pylori at 8 weeks and 6 months of treatment. Forty five patients with peptic ulcer disease with a positive urease test of the gastric mucosa were enrolled and assigned to receive H₂ blocker (nizatidine 150mg twice a day) for 8 weeks(control group), tripottasium dicitrato bismuthate 240mg twice a day and amoxicillin 500mg four times a day for 2 weeks, nizatidine for 8 weeks (treatment group Ⅰ), tripottasium dicitrato bismuthate 240mg twice a day and amoxicillin 500mg four times a day, metronidazole 250mg thrice a day for 2 weeks, nizatidine for 8 weeks(treatment group Ⅱ). H. pylori was eradicated in 53% of treatment group Ⅰ, 100% of treatment group Ⅱ, none of control group after 8 weeks of treatment. Helicobacter pylori infection is recurred in 63% of of treatment group Ⅰ and 15% of treatment group Ⅱ. Side effects were recorded in 3 patients(2 patients on treatment group Ⅱ, 1 patient on treatment group Ⅰ), but it were minor side effects. No patients on treatment groups recurred peptic ulcer disease, while 5 patients on control group. Anti-H. pylori antibody IgG remained constant in bacteria positive control group, but in patients in whom H. pylori had been eradicated serum antibody titers fell significantly at 6 months of treatment. In conclusion, triple therapy including a low dose metronidazole with nizatidine is effective on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and reduced the rate of side effects. Bisthmus and amoxicillin with nizatidine is not effective on the eradication and the recurrence of Helicobactor pylori infection. Serologic tests for H. pylori are reliable means of monitoring success of eradication of H. pylori.

임신중 알코올 섭취에 의한 기형 유발기전에 관한 연구

김소희,김순선,이규식,손경희,곽승준,채수영,안상미,허만욱,박귀례 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

임신중에 만성적으로 음주한 산모의 태아는 중추신경계 손상으로 인한 특징적인 이상증상인 소두증 정신발육장애 등 태아 알코을 증후군(fetal alcoho3 syndrome, F,LSB이 나타나는 것으로 알려져 있으냐 분자생물학적 측면에서의 유발기전은 명확하게 밝혀져 있지 않다. 든 연구예서는 in vitro 단기 발생독성시험법 중 하나인 전배자배양댑을 사용하여 랫드 배자의 )1관 발생기에 알코을 및 알코올의 주 군사 체인 아세트알데히드를 처리하여 기형 유발 여부를 관찰하였다. 또한 이들 물질의 기형 유발 기전을 규명하고자 microarray 깡법으로 발현이 변화되는 유전자를 검색하였으며, 알코을 처리로 발현이 변후 되는 유전자의 정확한 확인을 위하여 northern blot analysis 실시 중이다. 임신 9.5일의 랫드 배자에 0.1, 0.5, 1.0% 에란올을 처리하였을 때 성장부진, 뒤틀리거나 꼬렬라진 꼬리, open caudal neura tube, open neural tube, 불완전찬 반전, 불규칙적이고 비정상적인 체절과 짧은 꼬리 등의 이상이 나티났다. 임신 9.5일의 랫드 배자에 Sr10-4, 8.3×10-4, 2.SxIO-3% 아세트알데히드를 처리시 래antois caudal neura3 tube의 발달저해, somite 수 감소, 꺽인 꼬리 등의 이상이 나타났다. Control과 에탄을 처리한 배자로부터 total RNA를 추출하고 poll· A--RNA를 분리한 후, reverse transcriptase를 사용하여 C?3 혹은 Cl·5 형광염료로 tag된 nucleotide로 표지된 probe를 만들어 등량을 시판중인 'toxicotogy chip'의 틴991개의 CDNA 형태의 유전자와 hybr겨iaation시켰다. 에탄을 처리에 의해 'serum deprivation response' gene등의 발현이 유도되었으며, 'rat transcription factor MaflmRNA'등의 발현은 저해되었다. It is reported that alcohol drinking by pregnant mothers often leads to abnormal fetal development including fetal alcohol syndrome(FAS) in both humans and experimental animals. The FAS is characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, distinct craniofacial dysmorphology, and central nervous system dysfunctions such as mental retardation. However, molecular mechanisms for FAS is not completely elucidated as yet. In this study, developmental toxicity of ethanol and its metabolite, acetaldehyde were evaluated using whole embryo culture. In addition genes inducing FAS were investigated by the technique of cDNA microarray. Embryos treated with ethanol showed growth retardation, abnormal tail torsion, open neural tube, open caudal neural tube and abnormal somite at concentrations of 0.1∼0.5%. Also embryos treated with acetaldehyde showed growth retardation including allantois, open caudal neural tube, reduction number of somite and abnormal tail torsion at concertrations of 5×10^(-4)∼2.5×10^(-3)%. RNAs from embryos of control and ethanol treatment were reverse transcribed into cDNA tagged with Cy3 or Cy5 and hybridized with cDNA probe of rat in 'toxicology chip'. Ethanol 0.5% treatment resulted in alteration in expression of several genes including 'serum deprivation response', 'Cide-b' and 'check point suppressor 1'. Northern blot analysis is conducted for identification of genes related to FAS.

빌트인 모터를 이용한 2축 제어 미세 가공기 개발

김건희,김효식,양순철,이상용,국명호,이선규,김윤중,홍권희 한국공작기계학회 2007 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

This paper describes development of low cost precision machine that has combined the Build-in Motor with a vacuum chuck. This study mainly aims to find out a cutting condition for maintaining optimum surface condition and to examine cutting characteristics of the precision machine that is equipped by diamond bites. The cutting materials is Al alloy. Several experiments were carried out to find out the main factors that affect the surface roughness such as principal axis RPM(rotation per minute), feeding speed, and cutting depth. As a result, we obtain The optimum cutting condition of the developed precision machine.

초기재령에 있어서 고강도콘크리트의 내동해성 평가에 관한 실험적 연구

김무한,이상수,박선규,최성우,주지현,심재형 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.15 No.1

Recently, the structure are more higher and larger, so that the application of high-strength concrete is increased. And as the development of construction skills, it is possible to place during the winter. Concrete work during winter is indispensable to shorten time of completion and cut costs. When Concrete work during winter is placed, it has anxiety that concrete freeze at low temperature. As repetition of concrete's freezing cause reduction of durability, it is necessary for mixing to pay attention to Air contents and W/C ratios. Accordingly, in this study, we estimate the Frost Resistance by Air contents and W/C ratios, and development of strength after Early-Frost Damage in the High-Strength Concrete during the cold weather. In this study, it could be confirmed that factors which were Air contents, W/C ratios and early curing period, affected on the Frost Resistance.