http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
영어과 중등교사 임용시험의 출제경향 분석 연구 : 2014-2016학년도 1차 필기시험 문항을 중심으로
박시영,송민선,신상근,이은주,이미진 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2017 교과교육학연구 Vol.21 No.4
본 연구는 2014학년도부터 2016학년도까지, 영어과 중등교사 임용시험에서 출제된 1차 문항을 분석한 것이다. 연구방법으로는 지난 3년간 출제되었던 67문항을 수집하였고, 평가영역 및 평가 세부항목, 그리고 문항 유형별에 따른 출제빈도와 배점비율을 분석하였다. 출제문항을 분석한 결과, 평가영역별 출제비율은 영어교육학이 40%가 넘는 비율을 차지하였고, 일반영어의 비중은 급격하게 축소되고 있는 경향을 보였다. 이는 우수한 영어교사의 전문성을 평가하고 선발하는 데 기본 요건을 충족한다고 볼 수 있으나, 각 영역의 출제빈도와 비중이 지난 3년 동안 매년 변화하는 것은 수험생들에게 혼란을 가져올 수 있음을 시사한다. 각 영역의 세부항목별 분석에서는 출제 내용이 일부 평가내용요소에 편중되어 있는 경향이 있어, 향후 출제에서 고려해 봐야 할 문제라고 보인다. 마지막으로 문항 유형 분석에 따르면, 서술형과 논술형 문항의 등장은 객관식 문항의 한계점을 보완할 수 있다는 점에서 긍정적인 변화이나, 단편적인 지문 이해력을 확인하는 문항보다는 수험자의 심층적인 사고력과 응용력을 평가할 수 있는 문항의 개발이 필요하다고 할 수 있겠다. 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 영어과 임용시험의 개선안에 대해 논의를 하였다. This article examines the test items from the written component of the secondary school English teacher recruitment exam. Focusing on the years from 2014 to 2016, the analysis was based on a collection of 67 test items. A frequency count was conducted to determine the different question types as well as the representation of each field and sub-fields of English education. The results reveal that out of all fields, questions regarding English educational knowledge represented more than forty percent of the test items while questions requiring general English knowledge vastly decreased. The exam appears to fulfill the basic criteria for evaluating prospective English teachers, but the sudden changes in required content knowledge can cause confusion among examinees. The sub-fields of English education were also unevenly distributed, suggesting the need for a consistent guideline that secures balanced test content. Lastly, an analysis of the question types shows open-ended and essay-type question items as a measure for overcoming the limitations of multiple choice questions. Nevertheless, some of the questions still remained at the level of assessing simple comprehension rather than the examinees’ abilities to synthesize, critique, and apply professional knowledge.
박시영,김상철,류지운,장진순 대한이비인후과학회 2003 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.46 No.9
Laryngeal chondrosarcoma is an uncomon cartilaginous tumor very rarely encountered in the head and neck but most commonly in the sarcoma of the larynx. They occur most often in middle aged and older men. The prognosis of this tumor is potentially poor and surgical resection is generally recomended for the treatment. No benefit of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in chond-rosarcoma has been documented in the literature. A 57 year-old male visited our clinic with history of dyspnea and hoarseness. cartilage. Neck computed tomography revealed a large calcified mas in the larynx. The perioperative frozen section showed it to be grade I chondrosarcoma of the cricoid cartilage. Conservative surgery with complete excision of tumor was performed through laryngofissure approach after tracheostomy. Follow up asesment was performed under close check up at 12 months after the surgery, but we found neither recurence nor metastasis. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2003 ;46 :790-3)
박시영,민정하,류지운,고영승 대한이비인후과학회 2002 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.45 No.12
Despite advances in imaging and antibiotic treatment, brain absces is still encountered occasionally and is one of the most sig-nificant life-threatening complications of otologic disease. Nowadays, mortality rates of up to 10 percent have been reported. itis media. In this case, underlying middle ear pathology showed chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. Successful management of otogenic brain abscess still includes medical and surgical treatment. Initial surgical treatment of abscess is very controversial today. Some authors prefer the surgical excision of brain absces prior to the management of temporal bone, yet other authors prefer the surgery of temporal bone prior to the management of brain absces. Although an enterococus is a significant cause of uncommon clinical entities. Because of the relatively small number of individuals who develop brain abscess or meningitis due to an enterococcus, an appropriate therapy has not been well defined. We report a case of enterococcal otogenic brain abscess which was treated successfuly using antibiotics, immediate radical mastoidectomy and later stereotactic abscess drainage with a review of literatures. (Korean J Otolaryngol 2002 ;45 :1188-92)
경부에 발생한 Castleman씨 병(거대 림프절 증식증) 1예
박시영,김상철,고영승,김승범 대한이비인후과학회 2004 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.47 No.9
Castleman’s disease, a benign lymphoproliferative disease of unknown etiology, rarely occures as a neck mass. Only 6% of the cases reported in the literature was detected primarily in the neck. This disease consists of unicentric or multicentric (or systemic) forms by clinical manifestation and hyaline vascular type or plasma cell type, histologically. The more common hyaline vascular type usually presents as an asymptomatic lymphoid mass. On the other hand, in plasma cell type, systemic manifestations are frequently observed. Definite diagnosis and treatment is possible with complete surgical resection following histologic evaluation. Recently, we experienced a 22 year old woman patient with 5 year history of right neck mass. She underwent surgical mass resection. Pathologic analysis confirmed hyaline vascular variant of Castleman’s disease. Now, we report this case with a review of previously reported literature.
The Effects of Ketorolac Injected via Patient Controlled Analgesia Postoperatively on Spinal Fusion
박시영,문성환,박문수,오경수,이환모 연세대학교의과대학 2005 Yonsei medical journal Vol.46 No.2
Lumbar spinal fusions have been performed for spinal stability, pain relief and improved function in spinal stenosis, scoliosis, spinal fractures, infectious conditions and other lumbar spinal problems. The success of lumbar spinal fusion depends on multifactors, such as types of bone graft materials, levels and numbers of fusion, spinal instrumentation, electrical stimulation, smoking and some drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). From January 2000 to December 2001, 88 consecutive patients, who were diagnosed with spinal stenosis or spondylolisthesis, were retrospectively enrolled in this study. One surgeon performed all 88 posterolateral spinal fusions with instrumentation and autoiliac bone graft. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (n=30) was infused with ketorolac and fentanyl intravenously via patient controlled analgesia (PCA) postoperatively and the second group (n=58) was infused only with fentanyl. The spinal fusion rates and clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. The incidence of incomplete union or nonunion was much higher in the ketorolac group, and the relative risk was approximately 6 times higher than control group (odds ratio: 5.64). The clinical outcomes, which were checked at least 1 year after surgery, showed strong correlations with the spinal fusion status. The control group (93.1%) showed significantly better clinical results than the ketorolac group (77.6%). Smoking had no effect on the spinal fusion outcome in this study. Even though the use of ketorolac after spinal fusion can reduce the need for morphine, thereby decreasing morphine related complications, ketorolac used via PCA at the immediate postoperative state inhibits spinal fusion resulting in a poorer clinical outcome. Therefore, NSAIDs such as ketorolac, should be avoided after posterolateral spinal fusion
박시영,문성환,박문수,김학선,최윤진,이환모 연세대학교의과대학 2005 Yonsei medical journal Vol.46 No.4
Chronic lower back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems; it is also the most expensive industrial injury. Not surprisingly, many treatments have been developed to combat this expensive and debilitating condition. One of these, intradiscal electrothermal treatment (IDET), was developed for patients with chronic discogenic lower back pain who failed to improve with any of the wide variety of non- surgical treatments. The present study sought to evaluate the efficacy of IDET for patients with chronic lower back pain. Twenty-five patients were enrolled in this prospective study; the patients received IDET between June 2001 and June 2003. MRI was used to confirm the diagnosis of internal disc disruption in all patients. The patients then underwent a pre-operative provocative test and discography. The follow-up duration was at least 1 year in all cases, and the visual analogue scale, recovery rate, and satisfaction of each patient were evaluated. The average age of the patients was 32 years (age range 18 to 49 years), and the patient group was 33% male and 67% female. Of the 25 patients, 5 underwent lumbar fusion surgery within 1 year of IDET. After IDET, 8 patients (32%) reported more pain than before, 14 patients (56%) reported less pain, and 3 patients (12%) experienced no change. Twelve patients (48%) were satisfied with IDET, 11 (44%) were dissatisfied, and 2 (8%) were undecided about the treatment. At least 1 year after IDET, nearly half the study patients were dissatisfied with their medical outcome. Consequently, 5 patients (20%) underwent fusion surgery at 1 year after IDET. Although other studies have shown good results with IDET for at least 2 years, this investigation suggests the IDET may be somewhat less effective. In order to firmly establish the efficacy of IDET for treating chronic discogenic lower back pain, additional studies with larger numbers of patients evaluated over longer time periods are recommended.