Organic Complementary Circuits: Remarkable Enhancement of Hole Transport in Top‐Gated N‐Type Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors by a High‐k Dielectric for Ambipolar Electronic Circuits (Adv. Mater. 40/2012)

Baeg, Kang‐,Jun,Khim, Dongyoon,Jung, Soon‐,Won,Kang, Minji,You, In‐,Kyu,Kim, Dong‐,Yu,Facchetti, Antonio,Noh, Yong‐,Young WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.40

<P>On page 5433, Yong‐Young Noh, Antonio Facchetti, Kang‐Jun Baeg, and co‐workers report that high performance ambipolar complementary inverters and ring oscillators are provided by a remarkable enhancement of both hole injection and transport for n‐channel dominant N2200 OFETs. The significant enhancement of hole mobility in N2200 OTFTs is attributed to the strong dipoles in fluorinated high‐k gate dielectric blend of P(VDF‐TrFE):PMMA. </P>

관동맥질환에서 저밀도 지단백 입자 크기의 분포

임효영,김인숙,승기배,강동헌,전두수,장기육,박준철,이수영,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.8

近代 韓國私學의 起源과 그 發展方向에 關한 硏究 : 政治文化的 側面을 中心으로

康東俊 건국대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

This study has relations with the history of the Yi dynasty, and of the modern education in Korea. But, it is neither the history of the Yi dynasty itself nor the history of the modern education in Korea. This study makes use the present results of the above·mentioned two disciplines, tries, to find out the aspect of political culture of the modern private schools, in terms of it's initial stage. In the first place, we understand the ertablishment of modern private schools in Korea, as the fourth attempt for the modernization of the Old Korea, The first attempt, before the open door policy of Korea, was taken by the progressive doctrinal movement within the framework of the confucian scholars based on the empiricism and pragmatism (the Sil-hak). The second, after the open door to the Japan, was the movement for the modernization of the Old Korea. The third attempt was the Revolt of Korean farmers (the Dong-hak) in 1894, before the war between China and Japan. Therefore, we consider the above-mentioned three movements as ideological background of the Korean modern private schools in terms of it's initial stage. In regard to the origins of the Korea modern private schools, Koreans have founded the schools, by their own fortunes, to fight in defense of their country, against the Japanese aggression by means of educating the people, whereas the mission schools have faunded by foreign missionary funds for the missionary works, based on the Christianism. In the meanwhile, the government of the Empire o Korea promulgated the Ordinance of the private schools in order to limit and control the private schools, while the students who learned the Japanese was increased, in the public schools, in great number. As for the development-orientation, reflected in the contents of teaching, the text books, the students' activities and, the popular songs for students, the major characteristics are as follows; First, such feeling as "I am the master of the country" is advocated intensively, but previously the king or the noble was the master, not the people; this is the radical change of idea. We find here a very sincere reflection of the relation between the individuals and the state. Second, the teachers and the students reproached openly the Japan for it's aggression and the government for it's powerlessness. Therefore, the Japaneses blamed the Korean private schools for being confused. the education with the politics and for the penetration of the "seditious idea" into the private schools. Hereafter, this anti-Japan orientation, changed in the anti-government orientation, became the resistance-orientation against the political power. Third, the establishment of the girls schools proved the break down of the traditional inequality of two sexes, the children of the noble and the common people learn together to approve the abolishment of the carte system. Moreover, the school for deaf and mute was founded. Here, we find the orientation for the equality among people. These political orientations, without a doubt, are found to be the efforts of criticing and overcoming the confucian tradition by which the Korean political tradition can be characterizel by it's authoritarian political culture, in which people were made subservient to the state through the requirement of loyalty. Certainly, the activities of the Korean modern private schools belong to the same category of the efforts put out by Sil-hak philosophy, Dong-hak philosophy, Modernization Movement and Independence Association Movement, and these efforts are considered to be the movements by the people to establish national identity and to promote equality within the society. In spite of the political and social visissitude, it is to be remembered that the originality of the aspect of the political culture, in the Korean modern private schools, consists in it's institutional continuity, that is, the continual development of the Korean private schools.

유치의 치근단 병소에 의해 변위된 영구치의 자발적 맹출

강동균,양승덕,김태완,김현정,김영진,남순현 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

The infection of primary teeth occurs by caries or trauma. But, if it is not treated on time, the complication may occur such as enamel hypoplasia, discoloration, impaction, displacement and dilaceration of permanent successors. The periapical lesion on primary tooth could displace the permanent successors in any direction. Treatment options of displaced tooth are observation after extracting the primary teeth, surgical exposure, orthodontic traction, transplantation and extraction. In these cases, displacement of permanent central incisor caused by the periapical lesion of primary teeth was observed. The spontaneous eruption after extraction of primary teeth was expected considering degree of displacement, development of root and direction of eruption. This case report shows spontaneous eruption of displaced permanent tooth germ was achieved with periodic examination after extraction of primary teeth.

제주연안 갯녹음(백화) 지역의 해수에 분포하는 세균군의 분자생물학적 분석

강봉조,김미란,윤병준,이동헌,오덕철,강형일 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구에서는 갯녹음(백화)현상이 세균생태계와 어떤 관련이 있는지에 대한 기초자료 및 정보를 얻기 위하여 갯녹음 현상이 일어난 제주도 성산과 강정지역 연안의 해수에 존재하는 세균군을 16S rRNA 증폭기법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 강정지역에서는 Alcanivorax, Paracoccus, Damselae, Pseudomonas, Rhodovulum, Silicibacter, Sulfitobacter, Roseobacter 등 다양한 종류의 세균이 분포되어 있었으며, Alcanivorax가 20%의 빈도로 가장 많이 나타났다. 반면, 성산 지역에서는 Pseudomonas속 균주가 우점종으로서 존재하였으며, Pseudomonas tolaasii(혹은 Pseudomonas corrugata)와 유연관계가 가까운 세균은 44%, Pseudomonas mandeli와 가까운 세균이 24%, Verrucomicrobiales와 가까운 세균은 4%, 기타 동정되지 않은 세균은 세 group으로 구분되었으며, 각각 8%, 8%, 12%를 차지하여, 두 곳에 분포되어 있는 세균군상이 상당한 차이점이 있음을 확인하였다. 갯녹음 지역인 강정과 성산 해수의 8월(표품 채집시기)의 수온은 27℃-27.5℃, 염분의 농도는 30.24-30.60%, pH는 8.23-8.36, 용존산소량(DO)은 각각 7.20-7.28로, 두 지역에서 매우 비슷한 것으로 조사된 바 있는데, 이는 수온이나 염분의 농도, 또는 pH보다는 다른 원인에 의하여 두 갯녹음 지역에 분포하는 세균군의 차이를 가져왔음을 제시해 주었다. In this study, the bacterial communities distributed in sea water of the whitening areas of Gangjeong and Seongsan, Jeju-do have been analyzed using the PCR amplification of 16S rRNA to obtain fundamental data and information on relationship of the whitening phenomenon and microbial ecosystem. In Gangjeong, diverse bacteria such as Alcanivorax, Paracoccus, Damselae, Pseudomonas, Rhodovulum, Silicibacier, Sulfitobacter, and Roseobacier have been found, and Alcanivorax was the most abundant clone. The most abundant clone from Seongsan was Pseudoinonas, of which Pseudomonastolaasii and Pseudonionas mandeli were most abundantly occurred in the frequency of approx 44% and 24%, respectively. Approx 4% of the bacterial clones closest to firruconiicrobiales and other unidentified clones were also found in Seongsan, suggesting there is a great discrepancy between bacterial communities from the whitening areas of Seongsan and Gangjeong. The mean tem- perature, chlorine concentration, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) of the sea water of Gangjeong and Seongsan in August of 2001 (sampling period) was 27℃-27.5℃, 30.24-30.60%, pH 8.23-8.36,7.20-7.28 ㎎/ℓ, suggesting other environmental factors except for the factors mentioned above might result in difference of bacterial communities distributed in both areas.

최대하 운동부하검사가 노인 허혈성 뇌졸중환자의 혈관탄성·운동유발성 고혈압 및 허혈성 심장질환진단에 미치는 영향 : 사례연구

강동연,차재관,허재택,박정준,양점홍 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2009 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.25 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the blood pressure response during exercise test and to investigate baPWV and ABI and potentiality of the cardiovascular disease of three ischemic stroke elderly in submaximal exercise test. Method: It measured the blood pressure, ECG during submaximal exercise test and baPWV, ABI before and after exercise test. Results: It discovered low blood vessel elasticity, exercise induced hypertension, ST segment depression ≥ 1 mm through exercise test. Conclusion: Exercise test have a diagnosis valuable to decide a cardiac disorders. Moreover, It increases a sensibility of baPWV and ABI test and heighten a reliability of potential diagnosis of high blood pressure by submaximal exercise test. 뇌졸중(stroke)은 가령(加齡)과 함께 증가하며 크게 허혈성과 출혈성 형태로 니누고 근래에는 허혈성 뇌졸중의 발생빈도가 증가하고 있는 추세로 뇌졸중 환자의 혈류역학에 대한 연구는 순환기학 분야에서 뿐만 아니라 운동이 고혈압의 주요 개선 중재방법의 하나라는 관점에서 운동처방 분야에서도 심도 있는 연구가 요구된다. 그러므로 이 연구에서는 60세 이상의 허혈성 뇌졸중환자 3명에게 최대하 운동부하검사를 실시하여 각각의 사례에서 안정시에는 발견되지 않았던 혈관폐색의 높은 가능성, 운동유발성 고혈압 및 허혈성 심장질환의 정후인 ST분절≥1.0 mm 하강을 발견하였다. 이러한 점에서 운동부하검사는 심장질환을 판단하는 진단적 가치뿐만 아니라 baPWV와 ABI검사의 민감성을 증가시키며 고혈압 잠재성 진단에 유용하게 활용될 수 있다.

의대생의 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석

전진용,김상아,문동석,강동원,박웅섭 관동대학교 의과학연구소 2000 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.4 No.1

Background : Generally, it is well known that medical students have lots of stress because they have many classes of which the courses are much different from those of non-medical students. So, this study was designed for the purpose of evaluating the influencing factors on medical students' stress. Method : This study was carried out with the data of 69 students in premedical course and 66 students in medical course, who answered the survey by Kwandong Medical College, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health in June, 1999, The independent variables are the general characteristics, the characteristics related with study, the state of health, the activity for free time. The amount of stress is measured by Korean-translated BEPSI (Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument). Result : The multiple recession and logistic analysis show that the grade influence the significant difference of the stress level of the students in premedical course. The entrance age, average selfstudy time, hobby and religion influence the significant difference of the stress level of the students in medical course. The grade, avercage self-studying time and smoking habits influence the signifiant difference of the stress level of the medical students. Conclusion : This result will be used for the management of the stress level of the medical students' that influences their study.

평면에서 형상정보를 갖는 물체의 접촉 해석

전경진,손정현,강동권 동의공업대학 2001 論文集 Vol.27 No.1

This paper presents a method for calculating contact force of any shaped rigid bodies on plane. Every integration time step, the proposed method finds expected contact point on their outlines and then calculates penetration and contact force. This paper is using the continuous analysis method to calculate contact force. To get the accurate expected contact point on their outlines the new algorithm is developed. Through the comparison with DADS, we can prove the accuracy of the proposed algorithm.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.

韓國私學의 그 政治性 : 民族運動을 中心으로 from the View Point of National Movement

康東俊 건국대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

This study is aimed at what the Korean private schools established at the end of nineteenth century accomplished about the Korean politics. From this study we find out as follows. (1) The establishment of the Korean private 7ch7ols was oriented from national crisis, and it was methods in order to resort these. (2) The Korean private schools have made education's purpose to inspire "patriotism" (3) "The save-the-nation movement of education" was "anti-Japan Movement" with passivity at an early stage. (4) In 1st March, 1919 there was the "Independence Movement" that was performed by the Korean private schools: chiefly the founders and students. (5) "The Korean Exciled Government" in China and the other independence bodies had comported founders and students graduating, of the Korean private schools. (6) "The Student Revolution" of Korea at 19th April, 1960 could achived the goals by the students of the Korean private schools. In conclusion the Korean private schools played the roll to lead the anti-Japan Movement, the National Sulvation Movement, the Demoracy Movement, and we shall consider to infuluence to Korean polities more than any others.