중소규모 사업장 근로자의 직무스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴 현황과 한국형직무스트레스 하부요인과의 관련성

김정훈,박신구,김동현,김환철,임종한,이의철,이동훈,이지영 大韓産業醫學會 2009 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.21 No.2

목적: 중소규모 사업장 근로자들의 직무 스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴의 현황과 한국형 직무 스트레스 하부 요인과의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 중소규모 사업장 83곳 근로자들에 대해 한국형 직무스트레스요인 평가도구-단축형(KOSS-SF)과 사회 일반적 특성, 직업적 특정 및 직무스트레스로 인한 결근이나 조퇴 경험여부 등을 묻는 구조화된 자가 기입식 설문을 실시하였고, 응답한 4,350명에 대해 최종 분석을 시행하였다. 직무스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴와 한국형 직무스트레스 하부 요인들과의 관련성을 확인하기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행 하였다. 결과: 직무 스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴를 한 근로자는 남자에서 7%(196명), 여자에서 8%(113명) 로 조사되었고 한국형 직무 스트레스 하부요인과의 관련성에서는 남, 여 모두 직무요구, 관계갈등, 조직체계, 보상부적절, 직장문화 영역의 스트레스가 높은 군에서 통계적으로 의미있게 직무스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴율이 증가하였다. 결론: 중소규모 사업장 근로자들의 직무 스트레스로 인한 결근, 조퇴와 한국형 직무 스트레스 하부요인과의 관련성은 남자에서는 조직체계 영역이 가장 높았고, 여자는 직장문화 영역에서 가장 높은 관련성을 보였다. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the actual conditions of absence and early leave due to job stress of 4,350 workers in 83 small and medium scale industries, and its relationship to job stress factors using Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). Methods: A structured self-reported questionnaire was used to assess each respondent's Sociodemographics, job stress, experience of absence and early leave due to job stress. Seven KOSS-SF domains of job stress were used. We estimated the relation of absence and early leave due to job stress and job stress factors using logistic regression analyses. Results: Absence or early leave due to job stress occurred in 7% of male workers and 8% of female workers. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly positive association job stress-related absence/early leave and job demand, interpersonal conflict, organizational system, lack of rewards and occupational climate. Conclusions: Absence and early leave due to job stress is significantly attributed to organizational System and lack of reward for men, and occupational climate and organizational system for women.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 Micafungin의 예방 효과 및 안전성

김시현,이동건,최수미,권재철,박선희,최정현,유진홍,이성은,조병식,김유진,이석,김희제,민창기,조석구,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,박종원 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Micafungin, a potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, is a novel antifungal agent of the echinocandin class. In vitro study showed that micafungin was effective against Aspergillus species as well as Candida species, but clinical data on the prophylactic efficacy against invasive fungal infections (IFIs) other than candidiasis are still lacking. Materials and Methods: We identified 60 consecutive adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who received at least 3 doses of micafungin during neutropenic period. Micafungin was started as an alternative in patients who were intolerant or had adverse events (AEs) to primary prophylactic antifungal agents. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis against IFIs. Results: The patients either had autologous (n=9) or allogeneic (n=51: 1 syngeneic, 24 sibling, 26 unrelated donor) HSCT. Itraconazole oral solution (n=58) was the most frequently used first line antifungal agent for prophylaxis and was administered for median 11 days. The most frequent cause of switch to micafungin was vomiting (n=42). The duration of neutropenia and micafungin administration was median 13 and 12 days, respectively. A successful outcome was achieved in 45 (75%) patients. Empirical antifungal therapy was initiated in 13 (22%) patients. There were 2 cases (3.3%) of breakthrough fungal infections which comprised a probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a possible invasive fungal sinusitis. There was no case of invasive candidiasis. A total of 53 (88%) patients experienced at least one AE regardless of causality during micafungin administration. The most frequent AEs were hypokalemia, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase. Among the aforementioned AEs, only 1 case of diarrhea could be classified as a probable relation with micafungin when causality was assessed. There was no AEs that caused discontinuation of micafungin. Conclusions: Micafungin seems to be a safe and effective agent for prophylaxis of IFIs including aspergillosis as well as candidiasis in HSCT recipients. However, further large, prospective, and randomized comparative studies are warranted for aspergillosis.

목재가 선적된 선창에서 발생한 산소결핍에 의한 질식사

김동훈,김기권,장태정,김정란,이구,김수근,임현술 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Oxygen deficiency has been frequent in a clouted space. Wood consumes oxygen and discharges carbon dioxide Instead of photosynthesis in closed space without light, so do some microorganisms on the surface. We experienced a case that a healthy Insect-proofer fell down and died of asphyxia on stair-board at 7 m below the hatch of the cargo-hold shipping wood Analysis of gases in cargo-hold revealed O2; 12.3%, CO; 105 ppm, CH4; 2.7%, and H2S; 1.9% at 1 m below the hatch, and then O2; 6.1%, CO; 220 ppm, CH4; 2.9%, and H2S, 2.3 ppm at 2.5 m below the hatch. Autopsy findings were unremarkable. We justiced the cause of death asphyxia due to oxygen deficiency. As seen in this case, the serious oxygen deficiency was accounted for oxygen consumption by wood and microorganisms.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

敎育課程의 構成要因에 關한 一硏究 : 師範大學의 敎育課程을 中心으로

金東球 西原大學校 1977 西原大學 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The Primary purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect the development of the teachers college curriculum and to examine critically the degree of impact of each selected independent variable in determining techers college curriculum. General factors, in teaching and in teacher education, occur in a time sequence and have degrees of proximity to the actual task. Logically and psychologically some elements in the preparation of teachers precede others. Some are remote from teaching, in the sense that there are many intervening variables, while others are close. Mitzel(1960) deal with teaching in terms forecast, process and output factors. Applying this terminology to teacher education, it is proposed to deal with forecast factors or decision which must be made before developing a program. of teacher education, process factors or the treatments propsed, and output factors or act6ual behavior produced. Microeconomic factors suggest that if teachers college district wishesto maximize student learning, there may exist an optimal professors salary level it should pay, given the student abilities in the population of teachers currently in the market, and certain other condition of demand and supply. Macrosocial factors suggest possible relationship among teachers college curricum, economic and technological change and social change. In the study, the above three variables selected:1)General Factors, 2)Microeconomic Factors and 3)Macrosocial Factors. This variables can be put into the form of simple mathemtical equation. TCC=f(GEF,MIF,MAF)……(0) The model then states that the teachers college curriulum is decided by a function of the general factors, microeconomic factors and macrosocial factors. In the general factors the three variables selected:(1)Forecast Factors, (2)Process Factors and (3)Output Factors. This bariables can be put into the form of simple mathematical equation. GEF=f(FCF,PRF,OPF)……(1) The submodel then states that the general factor is decided by a function of the forecast factors which are composed of context, cybernation, extend of lead, decision maker, bounbaries and selection factor, process factors which are composed of dimensions, extent of individualization, graduated conceptualization-practice, support systems and task centered curriculum factors, and output factors which are composed of feedback and valadity factors. In the microeconomic factors, the two variables selected:(1)Teaching Time per Unit and (2)Learning time per Unit. These Variables can be put into the form of simple mathematical equation. MIF=f(TTU,LTU)……(2) The submodel then state that the microeconomic factor is decided by a function of the teaching time per unit which is determened by demand supply conditions, wage level and selection function, and learning time per unit which is determined by the student's environment and abilities. In the macrosocial factors, a variable: (1)cocial change factors This Variable can be put into the form of simple mathematical equation. MAF=f(SCF)……(3) The submodel then states that the macrosocial factor is decided by a function of social change factor which is decided by the technological change factors.

포항지역 고3 남학생들의 생활습관과 성적, 스트레스에 관한 연구

김인태,이동욱,이인구,성낙진,박기흠 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.2

목적 : 우리나라의 고등학교 3학년 학생들은 대학입시를 앞두고 많은 스트레스 환경에 놓여있으나, 그에 대한 연구는 충분하지 않았다. 본 연구는 고등학교 3학년 남학생들을 대상으로 생활습관과 스트레스 정도, 스트레스 대처방법을 알아보고 생활습관과 스트레스, 성적과의 상호 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 수능시험을 치른 포항 모 남자 고등학교 3학년 454명을 대상으로 2000년 11월 29일 자기 기입식 설문지를 이용하여 성적, 스트레스량, 스트레스 해소방법을 조사하였다. 스트레스 측정은 외래용 스트레스량 측정도구인 BEPSI (The Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) 번역판을 사용하였다. 결과 : 조사대상자의 성적과 생활습관과의 관계를 본 결과 생활습관 중에서 아침식사(p<0.05), 규칙적인 식사(p<0.01), 규칙적인 수면(P<0.01), 부모와의 대화(P<0.05), 흡연(P<0.05)이 성적과 통계적으로 유의하였다. BEPSI 점수는 성적 및 스트레스 해소방법과 유의한 관계가 없었다. 생활습관과 BEPSI 점수와의 관계는 규칙적인 식사(P<0.05), 부모와의 대화(P<0.05), 주 2회 이상의 음주(P<0.01), 흡연(P<0.01) 등에서 통계적으로 유의한 관계가 있었다. 건강 생활습관 갯수와 BEPSI 점수는 유의한 관계가 있었다(P<0.01). 결론 : 고3 남학생들은 건강한 생활습관과 학교성적이 비례하였고, 건강습관 갯수와 스트레스량은 역비례하였다. 그러므로 고등학교 3학년 시기에는 좋은 생활습관을 가지는 것이 중요하다. Background: There are many stressful environment in the twelfth grade students who will take an entrance examination. But the investigation about twelfth grade students were not studied enough. Therefore we investigated the relationship between life style, school record and stress in the twelfth grade students. Methods: In November 29,2000, we surveyed 454 twelfth grade male students who has taken entrance examination for a university in a high school located in Pohang. Self report questionnaire was administered to measure school record, coping method, life style and stress. Stress amount was measured by Korean-translated BEPSI score. Results: There was significant relationship between school record and life style such as breakfast. regular diet, regular sleep, enjoy conversation with their parents and smoking. School record and coping method were no significant relationship with BEPSI scores. There was significant relationship between BEPSI scores and life style such as regular diet, enjoy conversation with their parents, smoking, drinking more than two times a week. The number of healthy life styles number was significantly related to BEPSI scores. Conclusions: Healthy life style was proportional to good school record and inversely proportional to stress amount in twelfth grade male students. Therefore, we conclude that it is important to keep healthy life style in the twelfth grade.

Sodium Hydroxide용액에서 CR-39비적검출기의 부식조건 및 특성에 관한 연구

김동호,강동우,김현구 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1988 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

A series of experiments was performed to find the optimum etching condition and the detection efficiency etc. of CR-39 track detector in order to get track detection. The CR-39 detectors It were irradiated with a 0.12 μC_i, Am-241 alpha source under a known geometrical arrangement. The detection efficiency for CR-39 detector used in this experiments was obtained about 80, 08±1.24% in the atmosphere and we concluded that 6.25N NaOH at 70℃ for 5.5hrs. represents the optimum etching condition for CR-39 detector. From the meaured bulk-etching rates at different temperatures, the activation energy for bulk-etching has been obtained. The activation energy, Q, was found to have a value of 0.73±0.O5eV for CR-39 detector.

組織에서의 行動決定에 影響을 미치는 變因에 관한 硏究

金東球 西原大學校 1976 西原大學 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The primary purpose of this study were to identify the factors that affect the determination of the behavior in organization and to examine critically the degree of impact of each selected independent variable in determining behavior in organization. In the study, the following four variables selected : ① Individual traits such as needs, personality, unconsciousness perception, ② Organizational traits such as pressure of environment, role of institution, human relations of organization, organizational system approach, ③ Value patterns in organization and ④ Situation patterns in organization. These variables can be put into the form of simple mathematical equation; BIO=f(IT, OT, VP, SP) The model then states that the Behavior In Organization is decided by a function of the Individual Traits, Organizational Traits, Value Patterns in organization and Situation Patterns in organization. This model may be described symbolic terms Eti such as IT, OT, VP, and SP represents the total events considered as independent variables at a given time. They are events that have hypothetical significance for understanding behavior and for predicticting other events. Their total is one, and the various classification of events can be treated as proportions of the total as follows : Eti=E₁i+E₂i+E₃i+…+Eni=1 or E₁i+E₂i+E₃i+…+Eni -1=0 The predicted events such as behavior in organization can also be constructed as dependent variables: Etd=E₁d+E₂d+E₃d+…+End=1

소양호의 DOC와 POC의 분포

김범철,최광순,김철구,이유희,김동섭,박제철 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Seasonal and vertical distributions of dissolved and particulate organic carbon were investigated from May 1995 to March 1997 in n deep mesotrophic reservoir, Lake Soyang, POC contentrations at the dam site ranged from 0.1 to 1.8 mgC/L and DOC concentrations ranged from 1.4 to 4.9 mgC/L. POC concentrations in the surface layer were higher in the season of cyanobacterial bloom, July to September. High POC was observed at the depth of 30 to 60m after storm runoff in summer monsoon season. Turbid storm runoff formed intermediate current laden with much particulate materials from terrestrial sources. The vertical and seasonal variation of DOC was smaller than POC. Higher DOC was observed near the lake bottom which implies sedimentation and degradation of much organic detritus at the bottom. The ratio of DOC : POC varied from 2 to 60, and the ratio was lowest in September 1995 when algal density was highest. DOC : POC ratio of the main inflowing river, the Soyang River, varied from 1 to 10, and the ratio was low in storm runoff when the POC concentration was high.

청소년과 여가 권태감

구창모,김동진 師範大學 體育硏究所 1994 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.15 No.1

According to accelerating of the spread and population of leisure in recent days, the attentions on the leisure participation of modern people has been hightened, and the systematical and academic approach on the leisure has been going on actively. While the tendancy of the study on the leisure maintained the level of the survey on the actual condition and theme of the study was very limited, the creative and profound study reated to the leisure began to be introduced recently. This paper is to describe the forgoing discussions and the tendancy of study on the basis of national and international researches. The findings of this study suggest as follow; First, it's impossible that the carses of leisure boredom are proved by the certain variable , but it can be explained through the interrelation between the personality predispostion and the situational device. Second, the term, boredom in leisure was created only a few years ago and the reality of leisure boredom is not appeared obviously until now. Third, if the hypothesis that adolescent substance abusers are more likely to experience leisure as boredom than non-substance abuseres can be authorized, it is expected that the wolution in treating adolescent substance abusers will approached to the new onset.