CO₂ Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Few-Layer Graphene over NiO_<i>x</i>

Son, In Hyuk,Song, Hyun Jae,Kwon, Soonchul,Bachmatiuk, Alicja,Lee, Seung Jae,Benayad, Anass,Park, Jong Hwan,Choi, Jae-Young,Chang, Hyuk,Rü,mmeli, Mark H. American Chemical Society 2014 ACS NANO Vol.8 No.9

<P>The use of mild oxidants in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactions has proven enormously useful. This was also true for the CVD growth of carbon nanotubes. As yet though, the use of mild oxidants in the CVD of graphene has remained unexplored. Here we explore the use of CO<SUB>2</SUB> as a mild oxidant during the growth of graphene over Ni with CH<SUB>4</SUB> as the feedstock. Both our experimental and theoretical findings provide in-depth insight into the growth mechanisms and point to the mild oxidants playing multiple roles. Mild oxidants lead to the formation of a suboxide in the Ni, which suppresses the bulk diffusion of C species suggesting a surface growth mechanism. Moreover, the formation of a suboxide leads to enhanced catalytic activity at the substrate surface, which allows reduced synthesis temperatures, even as low as 700 °C. Even at these low temperatures, the quality of the graphene is exceedingly high as indicated by a negligible D mode in the Raman spectra. These findings suggest the use of mild oxidants in the CVD fabrication as a whole could have a positive impact.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2014/ancac3.2014.8.issue-9/nn504342e/production/images/medium/nn-2014-04342e_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn504342e'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

생활체육 풋살 동호회 참여자의 진지한 여가 참여 과정에 대한 내러티브 연구

정석인 ( Jeong Seok-in ),최대혁 ( Choi Dai-hyuk ),안현균 ( Ahn Hyun-kyun ) 한국체육학회 2020 한국체육학회지 Vol.59 No.2

본 연구는 생활체육 풋살 동호회에 최소 4년 이상 참여하고 있으며 해당 종목에 보다 진지하고 개방적인 의사소통이 가능한 5명의 연구 참여자를 대상으로 진지한 여가 참여로 인해 발생하는 경험 및 과정을 고찰하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 생활체육 시작 동기, 풋살 동호회 전향 배경, 풋살 동호회에 진지하게 빠지게 되는 과정, 진지한 여가에 빠져들었을 때 개인에게 미치는 영향에 대하여 탐색하였다. 연구에 사용된 자료 분석 및 해석방법은 내러티브 탐구 절차로 이루어졌으며 자료의 분석 과정은 텍스트를 반복하여 읽어가며 참여자들의 진지한 여가 참여 경험을 총체적으로 이해함으로서 이야기를 구성하였다. 내러티브 자료를 면밀히 검토하면서 풋살 동호인들의 진지한 여가참여 입문 및 과정과 함께 그로인한 영향으로 보이는 특징들을 추출하였고, 이에 대한 의미를 크게 진지한 여가참여로의 입문기, 성숙기, 변환기로 나누어 구체적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 생활체육 풋살 동호회에 참여하고 있는 동호인이 어떠한 사유로 여가생활로서 생활체육동호회를 접하게 됐는지, 진지한 여가로서 풋살에 빠지는 이유는 무엇인지, 그로인한 영향에는 무엇이 있는지 알 수 있었다. 다양한 종목에 참여하고 있는 현대인들을 대상으로 진지한 여가참여과정에 대한 연구를 통해 현대인들의 긍정적인 여가선도를 이끌어낼 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study is a narrative study on the serious leisure participation process of participants in the Fut sal Society of Living Sports, which tells of their experiences in the process of serious leisure participation. In the process, We explored the motive for starting a life sport, the background of turning a fut sal club, the process of getting serious with a fut sal club, the obstruction of leisure activities participation, and how it affects individuals when they are into leisure seriously. Five study participants were selected who have at least three years of experience in the fut sal club to form sufficient intolerance and who could communicate more seriously and openly in foot sal based on their experience conducted in-depth interviews. The data analysis and interpretation methods used in the study consisted of narratives with reading the text over and over again and understanding generally the participants serious leisure participation experiences. The analysis process of the material was analyzed in detail by dividing the meaning of the material into the introductory period, maturity period, resolution period of the serious leisure participation. Through this study, we could find out why a person participating in a live sports fut sal club started a life sports club as a leisure, why he fell into foot sal as a serious leisure, and what the impact was. in future follow-up studies, studies with various methods should be conducted so that many foot sal lovers can enjoy it as a more healthy, positive and serious leisure.

식이를 통한 농약섭취량에 관한 연구 : 두류, 서류, 견과류, 종실류, 채소류, 과실류 및 그 가공품에 대하여 legumes,potatoes,nuts,seeds,vegetables,fruits and their products

원경풍,홍무기,최동미,오창환,박건상,최윤주,안장혁,황인균,정지윤,정선미,박일경,이정복,장선영,홍주연,최영내 식품의약품안전청 1998 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.2 No.-

우리가 섭취하는 식품을 수세 , 탈피, 가열 등으로 섭취직전의 상태로 조리하여 잔류농약을 분석하였다. 그 결과 식품 섭처를 통한 농약의 1일 춘정 섭취량(EDI : estimated daily intake)을 파악하고 이를 농약의 1일섭취허용량(ADI : acceptabte daily intake) 및 이론적 최대섭취량(TffDt : theoretical maxiraum daily in늘he)과 비교하여 우리나라 국민이 식품으로부터 섭취하는 농약의 양에 대한 안전성을 평71하였다. 보편성있는 식품수거를 위채 수거대상 지역은 인구가 밀집되어 있는 대도시인 서울, 부산, 대구』 인천 , 대전, 광주, 수원, 전주, 마산과 춘천의 10곳을 선정하였다. 대상식품으로는 두류 및 가공품 11종, 서류 및 가공품 3종.견과류 및 가공품 8종, 기호식물류 1종, 종실류 2총, 과실류 및 가공품 20종, 채소류 21종의 총 50종of었다. 분석대상농약은 동시다셩분 분석채 가능한 농약으로 HPD대상농약 11종 및 ECD대상농약 48종으로 총 59졸이었다. 1995년부터 5개년 계획으로 수행되어 온 본 딴구는 큼년이 4차년도였으며,종전보다 대상식품 및 대상농약을 크게 늘리고 시료 전처리에 있어석 자동화된 고상추출 정제법을 사용하여 시료 처리속도를 창상시켰다. 분쇄된 시료들은 acetonitrile로 추출한 후 정제하여 GC/BCD 및 GC/HPD로 분석하고 검출된 성분들은 GC/MSD로 재확인차였다. 분석 결과 총 660 식품중 9식품(딸기, 복숭아, 풋고추, 고춧가루, 파, 피망, 상추, 시금치 , 깻잎 )에서 4종의 농약(procymidone, EPN, endosulfan, chlorpyrifos)이 검출피었으며, 이들 식품 십취를 통한 농약의 추정 섭취량()801)은 0.01 ~ 1.28rg/person/day 수준으로 극히 미팡이었다. 대상농약중에서 가장 많이 섭취되고 있는 농약은 on(losulfan으로 그 EDI를 ADI와 ㅂ1교한 결과 0.39%에 불과 하였으며, 이론적 최대섭취량(TMDI)과 비교한 결과도 0.49% 수준으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 대상식품을 섭치할 경우 분석대상 농약으로 인한 안전성에는 문제가 얼는 것으로 려가되었다. In order to rstimate the intake of pesticide residues through foods which is prepared ready to eat, total diet study(TDS) was carried. The foods(legumes, potatees, nuts, seeds, fruits, vegeta-bles a8d their products) were purchased at the retail stores in 10 large cities of Korea, respectively. Thecollected 660 samples(66 foods x10 regions) were pr,etreated in a manBer similar to that used at home(washing, trimming, peeling. boiling and etc ) and followed Uy the automated solid phase extraction.Frem the extracted samples, total 59 pesticides were determined by capillary gas chromatography withECD, NPD and MSD. The levels of pesticide residues were resulted in not detected or orders of magni-tude lower than maximum residve limits for most of samples. However, in 9 samples(strawberrf, peach,green pepper, red pepper powder, scallion, bell pepper, lettuce korean, spinach, wild sesame leaf),4 pesti-cides(procymidone, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, EPN) were detected with the estimated daily intake(EDE)values of fftl ~l.28rg/person/day. These EBI values were corresponded to <0.01 ~ 1.82% of ADT(for55kg person) and <0.01 ~O.49% of TMDI.

장애인 엘리트체육의 실태 분석

최승권,이인경,문준혁,임찬규,한동기,김권일 한국특수체육학회 2005 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The purposes of this study are to analyze actual status of elite sports for athletes with disabilities through investigating factors such as athletes constitutions, levels of game performance, and administrative and supporting organizations, which are critical bases for establishing the policy of elite sports for athletes with disabilities. The contents and scopes are as followings. First, analyzing composition of elite athletes with disabilities and current status of sports associations/federations. Second, analyzing the levels of game performance of elite sports for athletes with disabilities(Far East and South Pacific Games for the disabled, and Paralympics). Third, analyzing the support system such as administrative organization and support for athletes, leadership training, and financial support. Forth, analyzing survey on attitude and needs for elite sports of athletes with disabilities. Literature reviews, site visits, and survey were used to analyze the current status of elite sports for athletes with disabilities in Korea. The following outcomes were driven. First, this study revealed fewer numbers of sports federations, unbalanced composition of athletes in events, sex, and ages, and aging compared to international events and games. Second, this study revealed low performance level in team sports overall, and international competitive abilities but shooting, weight lifting, and archery were shown to be low. Third, this study revealed the weak establishment of administrative and financial supporting system.

표층처분시설 처분고의 목업테스트를 통한 채움단계별 수직도 및 이음부 벌어짐 측정

최동호(Dong-Ho Choi),안기용(Ki-Yong Ann),최인용(In-Yong Choi),이혁진(Hyuk-Jin Lee) 한국건설순환자원학회 2021 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.9 No.4

표층처분시설 처분고의 채움단계를 묘사하기 위하여 목업테스트를 진행하고 채움단계에서 발생할 수 있는 구조물의 거동을 조사한다. 가로 6600mm, 세로 6600mm, 두께 400mm의 현장타설 콘크리트 기초 위에 4개의 프리캐스트(PC) 코너벽체와 8개의 PC 사이드벽체로 구성된 가로 5600mm, 세로 5600mm, 높이 6800mm, 두께 800mm의 철근 콘크리트 처분고를 제작한다. 처분고 안에 폐기물 드럼통을 가로 6개, 세로 6개, 총 36개로 배치한 후, 비어 있는 공간을 그라우트 채움재로 채우고 양생한다. 이 과정들을 5층까지 반복하며, 채움단계별로 벽체의 수직도와 벽체 간 이음부의 벌어짐을 측정한다. 수직도는 사이드벽체 한 개당 좌측과 우측에서 각각 3개씩 총 6개의 위치, 즉 4개의 사이드벽체에 대하여 총 24개의 위치에서 수평기를 사용하여 측정한다. 이음부 벌어짐은 사이드벽체 한 개당 좌측, 중앙, 우측의 이음부에서 각각 3개씩 총 9개의 위치, 즉 4개의 사이드벽체에 대하여 총 36개의 위치에서 균열팁을 이음부 좌우에 설치 후 버니어 캘리퍼스를 사용하여 측정한다. 목업테스트를 통해 얻은 측정된 수직도는 초기단계(ST0)를 기준으로 ±0.1°인 것으로 나타났고, 이음부 벌어짐 결과는 최대 0.38mm인 것으로 나타났다. 이는 구조물에 미치는 영향이 미미한 것으로 나타났다. In order to describe the fill-up stages of a near-surface disposal facility vault, a mock-up test is performed, and its behavior during the fill-up stages is investigated. On an in-site concrete foundation with a length of 6 600mm, a width of 6600mm and a thickness of 4 00mm, a reinforced concrete disposal vault is manufactured with 4 precast (PC) corner walls and 8 PC side walls. 36 wasted drums are placed on the 1st floor in 6 by 6, and then the empty space is filled with grout filler. These processes are repeated up to the 5th floor, and the verticality and the joint gaps are measured for each fill-up stage. The verticality is measured using a level at 6 positions on each side wall (3 positions on the left and right sides, respectively), i.e. a total of 24 positions on the 4 side walls. The joint gaps are measured at 9 positions on each side w al l (3 positions on the left, center and right sides, respectively), I.e. a total 36 positions on the 4 side walls. To measure the joint gaps, crack tips are installed on the left and right sides of every joint gap, and vernier calipers are used. The measured verticality obtained through the mock-up test was found to be ±0.1° based on the initial stage (ST0), and the result of the joint gap was up to 0.38mm. This appears to have a negligible effect on the structure.

소화성 궤양 출혈에 대한 내시경적 순수에탄올 국소주사요법의 치료 효과 및 예후

김태호,이동호,김유선,정현채,송인성,김용태,이경미,박민정,김정룡,김주성,윤용범,이진혁,이국래,최일주 대한소화기내시경학회 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.3

Background/Aims: Endoscopic injection therapy improves the outcome in bleeding peptic ulcer, but the optimum regimen is unknown. Although endoscopic injection therapy is effective in controlling initial hemorrhage from a peptic ulcer, between 10% to 30% of patients suffer rebleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial and ultimate success rate of hemostasis, the rebleeding rate, hospital stay (days), and the emergency operation rate in patients who had undergone endoscopic ethanol injection for bleeding peptic ulcer. Methods: Thirty nine patients presented with active bleeding (spurting), visible vessels, or blood clots on endoscopic findings were given an endoscopic ethanol injection with a total of 1.0∼3.0 ml of ethanol. The initial and ultimate success rate of hemostasis, rebleeding rate, and emergency operation rate after the endoscopic injection was evaluated. Results: 1) The initial success of hemostasis was 38/39 (97.4%). 2) The rebleeding rate after ethanol injection was 8/39 (20.5%). ) The success rate of the second trial of ethanol injection was 3/8 (37.8%). 4) Emergency operations were conducted in5/39 (12.8%). 5) The ultimate success rate of hemostasis was 34/39 (87.2%). 6) There were no mortalities [0/39 (0%)] related to the ethanol injections and bleeding peptic ulcers. 7) There were no complications [0/39 (0%)] related to the ethanol injections. 8) The mean duration of hospitalization was 9.5 4.5 days. Conclusions: Endoscopic ethanol injection in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers was as effective and safe as any other injection or mechanical hemostatic method. Further prospective studies or endoscopic trials for hemostasis are needed to reduce the rebleeding rate and emergency operation rate of bleeding peptic ulcer.

석회화치성낭양 변화를 동반한 법랑모세포섬유치아종

권혁록,한진우,이진호,최항문,박인우,이석근 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2001 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.31 No.3

Thirteen-year-old girl complaining of the swelling and pain on the left midface visited our dental hospital. On the radiogaphic examination, well-defined radiolucent lesion with hyperostotic border was found in the left maxilla accompanying with the external root resorption of the involved teeth and the displaced second molar. CT showed calcified bodies, thinning of hard palate, inferior orbital wall and lateral wall of nasal fossa, and thinning and perforation of the buccal plate of the maxilla. Enucleation and curettage of the lesion and nasoantrostomy was carried out and histopathologic examination mainly showed a solid tumor tissue composed of odontogenic epithelium and pulp tissues admixed with dentin and enamel formation. And some part of reduced follicular epithelium of tooth germ showed a change mimicking calcifying odontogenic cyst, Taken together, we concluded the lesion is an ameloblastic fibro-odontoma with a change of calcifying odontogenic cyst. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2001; 31 : 181-4)

Medicinal Chemistry : Article ; Acredinones A and B, Voltage-dependent Potassium Channel Inhibitors from the Sponge-Derived Fungus Acrmonium sp. F9A015

( Hi Young Kim ),( In Ho Yang ),( Shin Young Ryu ),( Dong Hwan Won ),( Awadut G. Giri ),( Wei Hong Wang ),( Hyuk Jae Choi ),( Jung Wook Chin ),( Dong Yup Hahn ),( Eun Hee Kim ),( Chul Kyeong Han ),( J 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

Two new benzophenones, acredinones A(1) and B(2), were isolated from a marine-sponge-associated Acre-monium sp. Fungus. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the interpretation of spectroscopic data. The structure of 1 was confirmed by palladium-catalyzed hydrogenation, followed by spectroscopic data analysis. Acredinones A (1) and B (2) inhibited the outward K currents of the insulin secreting cell line INS-1 with IC50 values of 0.59 and 1.0 um, respectively.

고해상도와 ROM 축소를 가지는 디지털 주파수 합성기의 설계 및 구현

이태호(Tae-ho Lee),최인규(Inㅡkyu Choi),최성혁(Sung-hyuk Choi),김재철(Jaeㅡchul Kim),심태은(Tae-eun Sim),박종식(Jong-sik Park) 한국통신학회 1999 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1999 No.11

Efficacy and Safety of UI05MSP015CT in Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

( Hyuk Yoon ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Yong-Hyun Lee ),( Ju-Cheol Jeong ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Myung-Gyu Choi ),( Seong Woo Jeon ),( Ki-Nam Shim ),( Gwang Ho Baik ),( Jae Gyu Kim ),( Jeong Seop Moon ),( In-Kyu 대한소화기학회 2018 Gut and Liver Vol.12 No.5

Background/Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a controlled release, once-daily formulation of mosapride (UI05MSP015CT) in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods: Patients with FD were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either UI05MSP015CT (15 mg once a day, study group) or mosapride (5 mg three times a day, control group) and corresponding placebo for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was a change in the gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS) evaluated at enrollment and after 4 weeks. Secondary endpoints were changes in the Nepean Dyspepsia Index-Korean version (NDI-K), rate of satisfactory symptom relief, and rate of adverse events. Results: A total of 138 patients were enrolled (female, 73.9%; mean age, 44.0±15.4 years). After excluding patients who violated the study protocol, 59 and 58 patients from the study and control groups, respectively, were included in the per-protocol analysis. No difference was observed in drug compliance between the control and study groups (97.07%±4.52% vs 96.85%±6.05%, p=0.870). Changes in GIS scores were -9.69±6.44 and -10.01±5.92 in the study and control groups. The mean difference in GIS change between groups was 0.33 (95% confidence interval, -1.75 to 2.41), demonstrating non-inferiority of UI-05MSP015CT (p=0.755). The rate of satisfactory symptom relief was not different between the study and control groups (39.0% vs 56.9%, p=0.053). No differences in change in NDI-K score (14.3 vs 16.9, p=0.263) or rates of adverse events (12.9% vs. 4.4%, p=0.062) were observed between the study and control groups. Conclusions: Once-daily mosapride is not inferior to conventional mosapride in efficacy and is safe in patients with FD. (Gut Liver 2018;12:516-522)