Efficient Interleukin-21 Production by Optimization of Codon and Signal Peptide in Chinese Hamster Ovarian Cells

( Hee Jun Cho ),( Byung Moo Oh ),( Jong-tae Kim ),( Jeewon Lim ),( Sang Yoon Park ),( Yo Sep Hwang ),( Kyoung Eun Baek ),( Bo-yeon Kim ),( Inpyo Choi ),( Hee Gu Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.2

Interleukin-21 is a common γ-chain cytokine that controls the immune responses of B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Targeting IL-21 to strengthen the immune system is promising for the development of vaccines as well as anti-infection and anti-tumor therapies. However, the practical application of IL-21 is limited by the high production cost. In this study, we improved IL-21 production by codon optimization and selection of appropriate signal peptide in CHO-K1 cells. Codon-optimized or non-optimized human IL-21 was stably transfected into CHO-K1 cells. IL-21 expression was 10-fold higher for codon-optimized than non-optimized IL-21. We fused five different signal peptides to codon-optimized mature IL-21 and evaluated their effect on IL-21 production. The best result (a 3-fold increase) was obtained using a signal peptide derived from human azurocidin. Furthermore, codon-optimized IL-21 containing the azurocidin signal peptide promoted IFN-γ secretion and STAT3 phosphorylation in NK-92 cells similar to codon-optimized IL-21 containing original signal peptide. Collectively, these results indicate that codon optimization and azurocidin signal peptides provide an efficient approach for the high-level production of IL-21 as a biopharmaceutical.

동일한 시료에 대한 국내 기관간의 STR 분석결과 비교 : STR 유전자좌 분석법의 표준화 설정을 위하여

박종태,신경진,양윤석,우광만,이숭덕,이승환,이정빈,정연보,조승희,한길로,한면수,홍승범 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This paper described a collaborative exercise intended to see what kinds of short tandem repeat (STR) loci are used in different DNA typing laboratories in Korea and to compare their results for the demonstration whether uniformity of DNA profiling results from different laboratory could be achieved in Korea Laboratories were asked to test five tissue DNAs using methods routinely used in each laboratory and to report the results to the coordinating laboratory. The exercise demonstrated that each laboratory was using different STR loci for the typing with different STR numbers,2 VNTRS,36 STRs and amelogenin in total, and the direct comparison of the results from all the laboratory for the 18 loci could not be done as only one laboratory submitted typing results. Among 21 loci for which several laboratories submitted typing results, results for 14 loci were the same and results for the other 7 loci were different depending on the participating laboratory. D1S80, F13A01, D16S539, D21S11, D18S51, D3S1744 were the loci with different typing results. Even in the cases where commercial kits were used, the results were not the same depending on the machines used, that is the capillary electrophoresis or the gel based electrophoresis. The reason for the different results, points about the standardization of the methods arid the profiling data were described.

Lutembacher 증후군 환자 증례 보고

김성범,서정주,곽철훈,김상민,이보라,민선경,황은구,김용인,조욱현,최석구 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

Lutembacher's syndrome is rare combination of mitral stenosis (MS) and atrial septal defect (ASD). The hemodynamic interplay between the MS and ASD leads to wide variation of clinical presentation. Here we describe a 43-year-old female with Lutembacher's syndrome and tricuspid regurgitation with pulmonary hypertension, who underwent direct closure of ASD and tricuspid valvuloplasty successfully. We also reviewed other literatures in an effort to increase awareness of this condition.

자가면역성 갑상선 질환에서 TSH 수용체 자가항체의 이질적 특성

조보연,김원배,김광원,이문규,이명식,민용기,정재훈,김경아 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.2

Background: It has been known that most of thyroid stimulating antibodies(TSAbs) may interact with epitopes near N-terminal, and thyroid stimulation blocking antibodies(TSBAbs) near C-terminal on the extracellular domain of TSH receptor. However, many authors have reported different results about epitopes reacting with TSH receptor autoantibody(TRAb). TSBAbs inhibit thyroid stimulation of TSH and TSAbs at the receptor level. However, it has been reported that there are some TSBAbs which bind to the other sites, not TSH receptor, or block post-reeeptor process. These findings raise the possibility that TRAbs may be heterogeneous according to the mechanism of action. In order to investigate the heterogeneity of TRAb, we undertook immuno- precipitation using synthetic peptides of TSH receptor and measured TRAb activities by FRTL-5 cells and chimeric CHO cells. Methods: We studied 102 patients with autoimmune thyroid disease(Graves disease 32, Hashimotos thyroiditis 29, atrophic thyroiditis 41) and 35 healthy persons. Three synthetic peptide fragments of TSH receptor were used to perform immunoprecipitation with serum or IgG of patients and healthy persons, TSAb and TSBAb activities were measured by FRTL-5 cells and CHO cells transfected with wild-type and 2 mutant TSH receptor cDNA(Mc2, Mc1+2). Mc2 and Mcl+2 were rnade to substitute amino acid residues of 90-165, 8-165 of the TSH receptor with corresponding residues of LH/CG receptor, respectively. Results: Two out of 10 IgGs extracted from Graves disease and 2 out of 9 IgGs from atrophic thyroiditis had specific bidings over 0.84% in immunoprecipitation with peptide I(amino acid residue 35-50). Four out of 18 IgGs from Graves disease, 9 out of 41 IgGs from atrophic thyroiditis, and 6 out of 14 IgGs from Hashimotos thyroiditis had specific bidings over 0.84% in immunoprecipitation with peptide II(amino acid residue 317-332). Only 2 out of 10 IgGs from Graves disease had specific bidings over 0.84% in immunoprecipitation with peptide III(amino acid residue 341-358). When 10 IgGs extracted from Graves disease were reacted with wild-type, Mc2, and Mcl+2 CHO cells, 7 IgGs in wild-type and 4 IgGs in Mc2 had positive for TSAb activities. In 10 IgGs from atrophic thyroiditis, 5 in wild-type, 5 in Mc2, and 3 in Mcl+2 CHO cells had positive for TSBAb activities. In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, only 1 with hyperthyroidism had positive for TSAb activity in wild-type and 1 with hypothyroidism had positive for TSBAb activities in both of wild-type and Mc2 CHO cells. Therefore, patients with Graves disease were divided into at least 3 groups according to the TSAb activities measured by wild-type, Mc2, Mcl+ 2 CHO cells and TBII activities. And patients with atrophic thyroiditis were divided into at least 4 groups according to the TBII activities, TSBAb activities by wild-type, Mc2, Mcl+2 CHO cells and FRTL-5 cells. Conclusion: From these results, epitopes of TSH receptor reacting with TSAb or TSBAb in autoimmune thyroid disease may be scattered in the TSH receptor, although epitopes of TSAb tend to be near N-terminal and those of TSBAb near C-terminal. Graves disease or atrophic thyroiditis were divided into 3 or 4 groups according to the TBII and TRAb activities. Therefore, TRAb detected in autoimmune thyroid disease may be heterogenous. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:176-193, 1997)

불명열(Fever of Unknown Origin, FUO)로 내원한 환아에서 진단된 NOD2 유전자 변이 크론병

박보경(Bo Kyoung Park),김현종(Hyun Jong Kim),장해인(Hae In Jang),조형민(Hyoung Min Cho),김은영(Eun Young Kim),김경심(Kyoung Sim Kim),김용욱(Yong Wook Kim),김서희(Seo-Hee Kim),김령(Young Kim) 조선대학교 의학연구원 2022 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.47 No.2

We apply the term Fever of unknown origin (FUO) to children with fever >38oC of at least eight days’ duration, in whom no diagnosis is apparent after initial evaluation. Fever is a prominent component of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially Crohn’s disease (CD), in many children and may be more common than abdominal symptoms. The pediatric CD rate is rapidly increasing and pediatric onset IBD represents ≥25% of all IBD diagnoses. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) protein is belonging to the intracellular NOD-like receptor family. NOD2 was the first and is the most replicated locus associated with IBD. In this paper, authors report a case of CD with FUO and NOD2 mutation in a 12-year-old girl.

시판멸치액젓 및 까나리액젓의 품질특성 평가를 위한 이화학적 성분 및 Biogenic amine 함량 비교

김보경(Bo-Kyoung KIM),김용훈(Yong-Hoon KIM),이홍희(Hong-Hee LEE),조영제(Young-Je CHO),김대식(Dae-Sik KIM),오상민(Sang-Min OH),심길보(Kil-Bo SHIM) 한국수산해양교육학회 2011 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.23 No.4

발효온도 및 식염농도가 전갱이 액젓 발효에 미치는 영향

김보경(Bo-Kyoung KIM),이홍희(Hong-Hee LEE),정민홍(Min-Hong JEONG),조영제(Young-Je CHO),심길보(Kil-Bo SHIM) 한국수산해양교육학회 2012 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.24 No.6

인터넷 신문기사에 나타난 영유아 놀이관련 내용분석 : 2010년부터 2018년을 중심으로

조보경(Cho, Bo-Kyoung),유영의(Yoo, Yung-Eui) 한국교원대학교 유아교육연구소 2020 한국유아교육연구 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 인터넷 신문기사에 나타난 놀이에 대한 인식과 관심을 살펴보는 것으로, 신문기사 데이터베이스시스템을 통해 2010년부터 2018년까지의 ‘놀이’와 ‘영아’, ‘유아’, ‘아동’, ‘영유아’, ‘아이’, ‘아기’, ‘어린이’의 주제어가 포함된 기사 제목을 검색하여 자료를 수집하였다. 이 때 초등학생 대상의 내용, 상업적 홍보 및 광고성 내용, 장애아동 관련 내용, 독자투고 기사, 해외소식 등의 내용을 제외하여 총 296건의 신문기사를 놀이의 주체와 놀이 내용에 따라 나누어 분석하였다. 연구결과 인터넷 신문기사에서 나타난 놀이의 주체를 살펴보면, 대중들은 연령에 따라 영아와 유아, 초등학교 저학년 아동을 명확히 구분하여 사용하지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 단어가 혼합되어 사용되고 있었다. 또, 유아와 초등학교 저학년 아동을 놀이 주체로 본 기사에 비해 영아를 놀이의 주체로 본 기사 내용이 매우 적은 것으로 나타나 대중이 영아를 주체로 하는 놀이 활동에 관심이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 인터넷 신문기사에서 나타난 놀이의 주제 및 내용을 살펴보면, 대중들은 ‘놀이이해’와 관련된 내용에 가장 많은 관심을 가지고 있으며, 다음으로 ‘놀이지도’와 관련된 내용, ‘놀이 환경’을 주제로 하는 내용, ‘놀이와 교육’을 주제로 하는 내용, ‘놀이와 발달’을 주제로 하는 내용, ‘놀이유형’을 주제로 하는 내용, 마지막으로 ‘놀잇감’을 주제로 하는 내용의 순서대로 관심이 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions and interests of play presented in Internet newspaper articles. To this end, data were collected by searching for the title of articles including the key words of ‘play’, ‘infant’, ‘child’, and ‘baby’ and through the newspaper database system from 2010 to 2018. A total of 296 newspaper articles were analyzed according to the subject and content of the play excluding the content for elementary school students, commercial publicity and advertising, content related to children with disabilities, articles submitted by readers, and overseas news. As a result of the study, in terms of the subjects of play in the Internet newspaper articles, it was found that the public did not use infants, toddlers, and elementary school children in different categories according to age. In addition, it appeared that the number of articles in which infants are the main subjects of play is smaller than those with toddler and children. This can be understood as having little interest in playing by infants. Analyzing the theme and contents of play in internet newspaper articles, the public was most interested in the content related to ‘understanding of play’, followed by‘guiding play’, ‘play environment’, ‘play and education’, ‘play and development’, ‘types of play’, and‘play materials.’

Synthesis and characterization of thiolated hexanoyl glycol chitosan as a mucoadhesive thermogelling polymer

Ik Sung Cho,오혜민,Myeong Ok Cho,Bo Seul Jang,Jung-Kyo Cho,Kyoung Hwan Park,강선웅,허강무 한국생체재료학회 2018 생체재료학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Background: Mucoadhesive polymers, which may increase the contact time between the polymer and the tissue, have been widely investigated for pharmaceutical formulations. In this study, we developed a new polysaccharidebased mucoadhesive polymer with thermogelling properties. Methods: Hexanoyl glycol chitosan (HGC), a new thermogelling polymer, was synthesized by the chemical modification of glycol chitosan using hexanoic anhydride. The HGC was further modified to include thiol groups to improve the mucoadhesive property of thermogelling HGC. The degree of thiolation of the thiolated HGCs (SHHGCs) was controlled in the range of 5–10% by adjusting the feed molar ratio. The structure of the chemically modified polymers was characterized by 1H NMR and ATR-FTIR. The sol-gel transition, mucoadhesiveness, and biocompatibility of the polymers were determined by a tube inverting method, rheological measurements, and in vitro cytotoxicity tests, respectively. Results: The aqueous solution (4 wt%) of HGC with approximately 33% substitution showed a sol-gel transition temperature of approximately 41 °C. SH-HGCs demonstrated lower sol-gel transition temperatures (34 ± 1 and 31 ± 1 °С) compared to that of HGC due to the introduction of thiol groups. Rheological studies of aqueous mixture solutions of SH-HGCs and mucin showed that SH-HGCs had stronger mucoadhesiveness than HGC due to the interaction between the thiol groups of SH-HGCs and mucin. Additionally, we confirmed that the thermogelling properties might improve the mucoadhesive force of polymers. Several in vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that SHHGCs showed little toxicity at concentrations of 0.1–1.0 wt%, indicating good biocompatibility of the polymers. Conclusions: The resultant thiolated hexanoyl glycol chitosans may play a crucial role in mucoadhesive applications in biomedical areas.

Pregnancy attempt and outcome in women with renal transplantation: comparison between ART and natural pregnancy

( Bo Hyoo Yun ),( Min Kyoung Kim ),( Eun Bee Noe ),( Si Hyun Cho ),( Young Sik Choi ),( Seak Kyo Seo ),( Byung Seak Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2015 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.101 No.-